下面的測試來至于今天群裡面一個朋友，open資料庫的時候遇到了ORA-00600 4194錯誤，這個錯誤比較常見，并且處理方法也很簡單。但是在修改參數的時候，不知道怎麼去檢視UNDO段的名字。下面簡單的測試一把
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1，資料庫版本
> select * from v$version;
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 11.2.0.4.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
2，檢視undo$的定義資訊
create table undo$ /* undo segment table */
( us# number not null, /* undo segment number */
name varchar2("M_IDEN") not null, /* name of this undo segment */
user# number not null, /* owner: 0 = SYS(PRIVATE), 1 = PUBLIC */
file# number not null, /* segment header file number */
block# number not null, /* segment header block number */
scnbas number, /* highest commit time in rollback segment */
scnwrp number, /* scnbas - scn base, scnwrp - scn wrap */
xactsqn number, /* highest transaction sequence number */
undosqn number, /* highest undo block sequence number */
inst# number, /* parallel server instance that owns the segment */
status$ number not null, /* segment status (see KTS.H): */
/* 1 = INVALID, 2 = AVAILABLE, 3 = IN USE, 4 = OFFLINE, 5 = NEED RECOVERY,
* 6 = PARTLY AVAILABLE (contains in-doubt txs)
*/
ts# number, /* tablespace number */
ugrp# number, /* The undo group it belongs to */
keep number,
optimal number,
flags number,
spare1 number,
spare2 number,
spare3 number,
spare4 varchar2(1000),
spare5 varchar2(1000),
spare6 date
)
CREATE TABLE UNDO$
(
"US#" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"NAME" VARCHAR2 (30) NOT NULL,
"USER#" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"FILE#" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"BLOCK#" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"SCNBAS" NUMBER,
"SCNWRP" NUMBER,
"XACTSQN" NUMBER,
"UNDOSQN" NUMBER,
"INST#" NUMBER,
"STATUS$" NUMBER NOT NULL,
"TS#" NUMBER,
"UGRP#" NUMBER,
"KEEP" NUMBER,
"OPTIMAL" NUMBER,
"FLAGS" NUMBER,
"SPARE1" NUMBER,
"SPARE2" NUMBER,
"SPARE3" NUMBER,
"SPARE4" VARCHAR2 (1000),
"SPARE5" VARCHAR2 (1000),
"SPARE6" DATE
PCTFREE 10
PCTUSED 40
INITRANS 1
MAXTRANS 255
STORAGE (INITIAL 64 K
NEXT 1024 K
MINEXTENTS 1
MAXEXTENTS 2147483645
PCTINCREASE 0
OBJNO 15
EXTENTS ( FILE 1 BLOCK 224 ));
标注為綠色部分的資訊是我們需要使用的
3，dump控制檔案
> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
> oradebug dump controlf 4;
> oradebug tracefile_name;
/oracle/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl1124/orcl1124/trace/orcl1124_ora_13293.trc
以SYSTEM來查找
TABLESPACE #0 SYSTEM: recno=1
First datafile link=1 Tablespace Flag=0
Tablespace PITR mode start scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Tablespace PITR last completion scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
以tablespace 0來查找
***************************************************************************
DATA FILE RECORDS
(size = 520, compat size = 520, section max = 100, section in-use = 5,
last-recid= 225, old-recno = 0, last-recno = 0)
(extent = 1, blkno = 11, numrecs = 100)
DATA FILE #1:
name #8: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf
creation size=0 block size=8192 status=0xe head=8 tail=8 dup=1
tablespace 0, index=1 krfil=1 prev_file=0
unrecoverable scn: 0x0000.00000000 01/01/1988 00:00:00
Checkpoint cnt:322 scn: 0x0000.001bca2a 05/14/2014 23:21:31
Stop scn: 0xffff.ffffffff 05/14/2014 23:20:23
Creation Checkpointed at scn: 0x0000.00000007 08/24/2013 11:37:33
thread:0 rba:(0x0.0.0)
下面是undo的資訊
TABLESPACE #2 UNDOTBS1: recno=3
First datafile link=3 Tablespace Flag=0
UNDO表空間的TS#=2
4，bbed來檢視UNDO段的名字
BBED> set block 225
BLOCK# 225
BBED> map
File: /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf (0)
Block: 225 Dba:0x00000000
------------------------------------------------------------
KTB Data Block (Table/Cluster)
struct kcbh, 20 bytes @0
struct ktbbh, 48 bytes @20
struct kdbh, 14 bytes @68
struct kdbt[1], 4 bytes @82
sb2 kdbr[21] @86
ub1 freespace[4075] @128
ub1 rowdata[3985] @4203
ub4 tailchk @8188
BBED> p kdbr
sb2 kdbr[0] @86 8078
sb2 kdbr[1] @88 5083
sb2 kdbr[2] @90 5015
sb2 kdbr[3] @92 4947
sb2 kdbr[4] @94 4270
sb2 kdbr[5] @96 4812
sb2 kdbr[6] @98 4135
sb2 kdbr[7] @100 4676
sb2 kdbr[8] @102 4609
sb2 kdbr[9] @104 4541
sb2 kdbr[10] @106 4472
sb2 kdbr[11] @108 5877
sb2 kdbr[12] @110 5814
sb2 kdbr[13] @112 5748
sb2 kdbr[14] @114 5682
sb2 kdbr[15] @116 5616
sb2 kdbr[16] @118 5550
sb2 kdbr[17] @120 5484
sb2 kdbr[18] @122 5418
sb2 kdbr[19] @124 5352
sb2 kdbr[20] @126 5286
x /rnc *kdbr[0]
x /rnc *kdbr[1]
x /rnc *kdbr[2]
x /rnc *kdbr[3]
x /rnc *kdbr[4]
x /rnc *kdbr[5]
x /rnc *kdbr[6]
x /rnc *kdbr[7]
x /rnc *kdbr[8]
x /rnc *kdbr[9]
x /rnc *kdbr[10]
x /rnc *kdbr[11]
x /rnc *kdbr[12]
x /rnc *kdbr[13]
x /rnc *kdbr[14]
x /rnc *kdbr[15]
x /rnc *kdbr[16]
x /rnc *kdbr[17]
x /rnc *kdbr[18]
x /rnc *kdbr[19]
x /rnc *kdbr[20]
将結果輸出到檔案。
以UE打開，可以得到下面的結果，或者 grep就可以，這裡還需要注意的是表空間的
col 1[20] @5157: _SYSSMU1_3724004606$
col 1[20] @5089: _SYSSMU2_2996391332$
col 1[20] @5021: _SYSSMU3_1723003836$
col 1[20] @4344: _SYSSMU4_1254879796$
col 1[20] @4209: _SYSSMU6_1263032392$
col 1[20] @4750: _SYSSMU7_2070203016$
col 1[20] @4615: _SYSSMU9_1650507775$
col 1[21] @4546: _SYSSMU10_1197734989$
col 1[20] @5951: _SYSSMU11_894599432$
col 1[21] @5888: _SYSSMU12_1573055333$
col 1[21] @5822: _SYSSMU13_3860906822$
col 1[21] @5756: _SYSSMU14_3319140121$
col 1[21] @5690: _SYSSMU15_1436577151$
col 1[21] @5624: _SYSSMU16_1689093467$
col 1[21] @5558: _SYSSMU17_1049158485$
col 1[21] @5492: _SYSSMU18_1557221903$
col 1[21] @5426: _SYSSMU19_2284825117$
col 1[21] @5360: _SYSSMU20_2312497597$
5，使用strings的方法
這種方法最簡單，但是不能差別UNDO段的表空間，并且會将塊中所有的UNDO段的段名顯示，包括已經被删除的UNDO段
[[email protected] sql]$dd if=/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf of=/soft/test.dbf skip=224 count=8 bs=8192
8+0 records in
8+0 records out
[[email protected] soft]$strings test.dbf |grep SYSSM|sort -u
_SYSSMU10_1197734989$
_SYSSMU10_3470984480$
_SYSSMU11_894599432$
_SYSSMU12_1573055333$
_SYSSMU1_2603659607$
_SYSSMU13_3860906822$
_SYSSMU1_3724004606$
_SYSSMU14_3319140121$
_SYSSMU15_1436577151$
_SYSSMU16_1689093467$
_SYSSMU17_1049158485$
_SYSSMU18_1557221903$
_SYSSMU19_2284825117$
_SYSSMU20_2312497597$
_SYSSMU2_2996391332$
_SYSSMU2_73114111$
_SYSSMU3_1723003836$
_SYSSMU3_596277271$
_SYSSMU4_1254879796$
_SYSSMU4_2523322691$
_SYSSMU5_4008018903$
_SYSSMU5_898567397$
_SYSSMU6_1263032392$
_SYSSMU6_4235600416$
_SYSSMU7_2070203016$
_SYSSMU7_2271882308$
_SYSSMU8_517538920$
_SYSSMU8_854328387$
_SYSSMU9_1650507775$
_SYSSMU9_508477954$
6，使用第三方抽資料工具
這裡使用的ODU來測試
[[email protected] odu]$cat control.txt
#ts fno rfno filename block_size is_big_file header_offset blocks
0 0 0 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl1124/system01.dbf
這裡我隻寫了SYSTEM表空間，因為UNDO$在SYSTEM表空間中
[[email protected] odu]$./odu
ODU> unload dict
CLUSTER C_USER# file_no: 1 block_no: 208
TABLE OBJ$ file_no: 1 block_no: 240
CLUSTER C_OBJ# file_no: 1 block_no: 144
found IND$‘s obj# 19
found IND$‘s dataobj#:2,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:144,tab#:3
found TABPART$‘s obj# 591
found TABPART$‘s dataobj#:591,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:4000,tab#:0
found INDPART$‘s obj# 596
found INDPART$‘s dataobj#:596,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:4040,tab#:0
found TABSUBPART$‘s obj# 603
found TABSUBPART$‘s dataobj#:603,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:4096,tab#:0
found INDSUBPART$‘s obj# 608
found INDSUBPART$‘s dataobj#:608,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:4136,tab#:0
found LOB$‘s obj# 80
found LOB$‘s dataobj#:2,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:144,tab#:6
found LOBFRAG$‘s obj# 624
found LOBFRAG$‘s dataobj#:624,ts#:0,file#:1,block#:4264,tab#:0
ODU> unload table sys.undo$
Unloading table: UNDO$,object ID: 15
Unloading segment,storage(Obj#=15 DataObj#=15 TS#=0 File#=1 Block#=224 Cluster=0)
21 rows unloaded
[[email protected] odu]$cd data
[[email protected] data]$cat SYS_UNDO$.txt
0|SYSTEM|0|1|128|0|0|0|0|0|3|0|||||0
1|_SYSSMU1_3724004606$|1|3|128|1774525|0|862|222|0|3|2|||||2
2|_SYSSMU2_2996391332$|1|3|144|1774529|0|1083|212|0|3|2|||||2
3|_SYSSMU3_1723003836$|1|3|160|1774527|0|1077|217|0|3|2|||||2
4|_SYSSMU4_1254879796$|1|3|176|1774531|0|928|300|0|3|2|||||2
5|_SYSSMU5_898567397$|1|3|192|1774515|0|1075|229|0|3|2|||||2
6|_SYSSMU6_1263032392$|1|3|208|1774519|0|1262|286|0|3|2|||||2
7|_SYSSMU7_2070203016$|1|3|224|1774517|0|868|179|0|3|2|||||2
8|_SYSSMU8_517538920$|1|3|240|1774523|0|1105|335|0|3|2|||||2
9|_SYSSMU9_1650507775$|1|3|256|1774521|0|1088|402|0|3|2|||||2
10|_SYSSMU10_1197734989$|1|3|272|1774533|0|866|238|0|3|2|||||2
11|_SYSSMU11_894599432$|1|5|128|923330|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
12|_SYSSMU12_1573055333$|1|5|144|0|0|1|1|0|1|5|||||2
13|_SYSSMU13_3860906822$|1|5|160|923661|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
14|_SYSSMU14_3319140121$|1|5|176|923323|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
15|_SYSSMU15_1436577151$|1|5|192|923332|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
16|_SYSSMU16_1689093467$|1|5|208|923314|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
17|_SYSSMU17_1049158485$|1|5|224|923296|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
18|_SYSSMU18_1557221903$|1|5|240|923320|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
19|_SYSSMU19_2284825117$|1|5|256|923294|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
20|_SYSSMU20_2312497597$|1|5|272|923262|0|2|1|0|1|5|||||2
在DUMP的控制檔案中我們能看到下面的資訊
[[email protected] data]$awk -F\| ‘{ print $2,$12}‘ SYS_UNDO$.txt
SYSTEM 0
_SYSSMU1_3724004606$ 2
_SYSSMU2_2996391332$ 2
_SYSSMU3_1723003836$ 2
_SYSSMU4_1254879796$ 2
_SYSSMU5_898567397$ 2
_SYSSMU6_1263032392$ 2
_SYSSMU7_2070203016$ 2
_SYSSMU8_517538920$ 2
_SYSSMU9_1650507775$ 2
_SYSSMU10_1197734989$ 2
_SYSSMU11_894599432$ 5
_SYSSMU12_1573055333$ 5
_SYSSMU13_3860906822$ 5
_SYSSMU14_3319140121$ 5
_SYSSMU15_1436577151$ 5
_SYSSMU16_1689093467$ 5
_SYSSMU17_1049158485$ 5
_SYSSMU18_1557221903$ 5
_SYSSMU19_2284825117$ 5
_SYSSMU20_2312497597$ 5
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