化零為整WCF(5) - 宿主Hosting(宿主在IIS, Application, WAS, WindowsService)

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化零為整WCF(5) - 宿主Hosting(宿主在IIS, Application, WAS, WindowsService)

介紹

WCF(Windows Communication Foundation) - 宿主(Hosting)：WCF服務可以宿主在IIS, Application, WAS, WindowsService。本文以宿主在WindowsService為例。

示例

1、服務

IHello.cs

using System; 

using System.Collections.Generic; 

using System.Linq; 

using System.Text; 

using System.ServiceModel; 

namespace WCF.ServiceLib.Sample 

{ 

        /// &lt;summary&gt; 

        /// IHello接口 

        /// &lt;/summary&gt; 

        [ServiceContract] 

        public interface IHello 

        { 

                /// &lt;summary&gt; 

                /// 打招呼方法 

                /// &lt;/summary&gt; 

                /// &lt;param name="name"&gt;人名&lt;/param&gt; 

                /// &lt;returns&gt;&lt;/returns&gt; 

                [OperationContract] 

                string SayHello(string name); 

        } 

}

Hello.cs

        /// Hello類 

        public class Hello : IHello 

                public string SayHello(string name) 

                { 

                        return "Hello: " + name; 

                } 

2、宿主

Hello.cs(WindowsService)

using System.ComponentModel; 

using System.Configuration; 

using System.Configuration.Install; 

using System.ServiceProcess; 

namespace WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService.Sample 

        /// 初始化 System.Configuration.Install.Installer 類的新執行個體。 

        [RunInstaller(true)] 

        public class ProjectInstaller : Installer 

                private ServiceProcessInstaller process; 

                private ServiceInstaller service; 

                /// 構造函數 

                public ProjectInstaller() 

                        process = new ServiceProcessInstaller(); 

                        process.Account = ServiceAccount.LocalSystem; 

                        service = new ServiceInstaller(); 

                        service.ServiceName = "WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService"; 

                        service.Description = "WCF服務宿主在WindowsService[webabcd測試用]"; 

                        base.Installers.Add(process); 

                        base.Installers.Add(service); 

        /// Windows服務類 

        public class WindowsService : ServiceBase 

                public ServiceHost serviceHost = null; 

                /// 主函數 

                public static void Main() 

                        ServiceBase.Run(new WindowsService()); 

                public WindowsService() 

                        base.ServiceName = "WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService"; 

                /// 啟動Windows服務 

                /// &lt;param name="args"&gt;args&lt;/param&gt; 

                protected override void OnStart(string[] args) 

                        if (serviceHost != null) 

                        { 

                                serviceHost.Close(); 

                        } 

                        // 為WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.Hello建立ServiceHost 

                        serviceHost = new ServiceHost(typeof(WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.Hello)); 

                        serviceHost.Open(); 

                        ServiceHost的幾個事件（顧名思義） 

                /// 停止Windows服務 

                protected override void OnStop() 

                                serviceHost = null; 

App.config

&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?&gt; 

&lt;configuration&gt; 

    &lt;system.serviceModel&gt; 

        &lt;services&gt; 

            &lt;!--name - 提供服務的類名--&gt; 

            &lt;!--behaviorConfiguration - 指定相關的行為配置--&gt; 

            &lt;service name="WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.Hello" behaviorConfiguration="SampleBehavior"&gt; 

                &lt;!--address - 服務位址--&gt; 

                &lt;!--binding - 通信方式--&gt; 

                &lt;!--contract - 服務契約--&gt; 

                &lt;endpoint address="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WCF.ServiceLib.Sample.IHello" /&gt; 

                &lt;!--中繼資料交換的endpoint--&gt; 

                &lt;!--注：address是mex，它會和host/baseAddresses節點中的baseAddress做拼接，即提供中繼資料交換的位址為：http://localhost:12345/Binding/mex--&gt; 

                &lt;endpoint binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" address="mex" /&gt; 

                &lt;host&gt; 

                    &lt;baseAddresses&gt; 

                        &lt;add baseAddress="http://localhost:11233/ServiceHostByWindowsService/"/&gt; 

                    &lt;/baseAddresses&gt; 

                &lt;/host&gt; 

            &lt;/service&gt; 

        &lt;/services&gt; 

        &lt;behaviors&gt; 

            &lt;serviceBehaviors&gt; 

                &lt;behavior name="SampleBehavior"&gt; 

                    &lt;serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/&gt; 

                    &lt;serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" /&gt; 

                &lt;/behavior&gt; 

            &lt;/serviceBehaviors&gt; 

        &lt;/behaviors&gt; 

    &lt;/system.serviceModel&gt; 

&lt;/configuration&gt;

3、用戶端

Hello.aspx

&lt;%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Hello.aspx.cs" 

        Inherits="Hosting_Hello" Title="宿主Hosting(服務宿主在WindowsService)" %&gt; 

&lt;asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="head" runat="Server"&gt; 

&lt;/asp:Content&gt; 

&lt;asp:Content ID="Content2" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server"&gt; 

        &lt;div&gt; 

                &lt;ul&gt; 

                        &lt;li style="color: Red;"&gt;本例為宿主在WindowsService的示例&lt;/li&gt; 

                        &lt;li&gt;宿主在IIS請參見本解決方案的ServiceHost項目&lt;/li&gt; 

                        &lt;li&gt;宿主在應用程式請參見本解決方案的ServiceHost2項目&lt;/li&gt; 

                        &lt;li&gt;應用程式自宿主就是把本解決方案的ServiceLib項目和ServiceHost2項目結合在一起&lt;/li&gt; 

                        &lt;li&gt;宿主在Windows Activation Services(WAS)，因為我沒有環境，就先不寫示例了&lt;/li&gt; 

                &lt;/ul&gt; 

        &lt;/div&gt; 

        &lt;asp:TextBox ID="txtName" runat="server" Text="webabcd" /&gt; 

        &lt;asp:Button ID="btnSayHello" runat="server" Text="Hello" OnClick="btnSayHello_Click" /&gt; 

&lt;/asp:Content&gt;

Hello.aspx.cs

using System.Collections; 

using System.Data; 

using System.Web; 

using System.Web.Security; 

using System.Web.UI; 

using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; 

using System.Web.UI.WebControls; 

using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; 

using System.Xml.Linq; 

public partial class Hosting_Hello : System.Web.UI.Page 

        protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 

        protected void btnSayHello_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) 

                var proxy = new HostingByWindowsService.HelloClient(); 

                Page.ClientScript.RegisterStartupScript( 

                        this.GetType(), 

                        "js", 

                        string.Format("alert('{0}')", proxy.SayHello(txtName.Text)), 

                        true); 

                proxy.Close(); 

Web.config

&lt;?xml version="1.0"?&gt; 

        &lt;client&gt; 

            &lt;!--address - 服務位址--&gt; 

            &lt;!--binding - 通信方式--&gt; 

            &lt;!--contract - 服務契約--&gt; 

            &lt;endpoint address="http://localhost:11233/ServiceHostByWindowsService/" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="Sample.IHello" /&gt; 

        &lt;/client&gt; 

運作結果：

啟動"WCF.ServiceHostByWindowsService"服務，單擊"Hello"按鈕後彈出提示框，顯示"Hello: webabcd"

OK

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