Quartz 是一個功能強大的作業排程工具。
日程安排好了之後，我們就要去執行，Quartz可以計劃的執行這些任務，定時、循環或在某一個時間來執行我們需要做的事，用到Quartz可以很好的解決我們平時工作中的瑣碎麻煩的事：比如，資料庫系統需要我們每天23：50的時候需要執行一次備份，每月的15号需要将公司賬目平台裡的工資表導出……有了Quartz可以很好的來解決這些問題，不需要我們手動來執行。
我下載下傳的是目前最新版本quartz-2.1.5。下載下傳後，我們的壓縮包裡有：
docs檔案夾：裡面是Quartz的API、表資料庫、圖檔檔案夾
examples:裡面是官方提供的一些DEMO
lib:第三方庫，一些特性需要它們依靠
quartz：源碼
quartz-*:支援各架構的源碼
*.jar：一些JAR包
……
下面我們可以将官網下載下傳的安裝包裡提供的例子導入到自己的IDE中，我使用的是MyEclipse8.5+Apache Tomcat6.0+JDK1.6.0。
來看官網提供的第一個例子：example1
注:将resources這個包裡的log4j.xml、quartz_priority.properties這兩個拷貝到src下,完整的如下：
HelloJob.java
package org.quartz.examples.example1;
import java.util.Date;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* 這僅僅是一個列印"hello world"的工作例子
* @author 束洋洋
* @createDate 2012-6-4下午10:13:34
*/
public class HelloJob implements Job {
private static Logger _log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloJob.class);
/**
* <p>
* Empty constructor for job initilization
* </p>
* Quartz requires a public empty constructor so that the
* scheduler can instantiate the class whenever it needs.
*/
public HelloJob() {
}
* Called by the <code>{@link org.quartz.Scheduler}</code> when a
* <code>{@link org.quartz.Trigger}</code> fires that is associated with
* the <code>Job</code>.
*
* @throws JobExecutionException
* if there is an exception while executing the job.
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context)
throws JobExecutionException {
// Say Hello to the World and display the date/time
_log.info("Hello World! - " + new Date());
}
這是任務執行類，需要實作job接口，在execute方法裡寫具體的任務實作。org.quartz.JobExecutionContext這個對象可以擷取到任務排程程式裡傳遞過來的參數，後面講到。
SimpleExample.java（任務排程程式類）
Quartz架構執行任務排程步驟：
建立Scheduler對象，可以從SchedulerFactory類裡取得。
SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
建立JobDetail對象，執行任務排程的方法，這個方法實作了job接口
JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.build();
構造job的觸發器對象，可以指定任務時間或周期。
Trigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startAt(runTime)
告訴Quartz安排工作使用的觸發器（安排任務）
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
開始排程任務程式
sched.start();
暫停排程任務,調用standby()使Scheduler回到"stand-by"模式。再次調用start()方法，使Scheduler回到運作狀态。
sched.standby();
停止排程任務,停止後不能重新開始。
sched.shutdown(true);
/*
* Copyright 2005 - 2009 Terracotta, Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not
* use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
* of the License at
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
* WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
* License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
* under the License.
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger;
import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.*;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
* This Example will demonstrate how to start and shutdown the Quartz
* scheduler and how to schedule a job to run in Quartz.
* @author Bill Kratzer
public class SimpleExample {
public void run() throws Exception {
Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleExample.class);
log.info("------- Initializing ----------------------");
// First we must get a reference to a scheduler
SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
log.info("------- Initialization Complete -----------");
// computer a time that is on the next round minute
Date runTime = evenMinuteDate(new Date());
log.info("------- Scheduling Job -------------------");
// define the job and tie it to our HelloJob class
JobDetail job = newJob(HelloJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1", "group1")
.build();
// Trigger the job to run on the next round minute
Trigger trigger = newTrigger()
.withIdentity("trigger1", "group1")
.startAt(runTime)
// Tell quartz to schedule the job using our trigger
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
log.info(job.getKey() + " will run at: " + runTime);
// Start up the scheduler (nothing can actually run until the
// scheduler has been started)
sched.start();
log.info("------- Started Scheduler -----------------");
// wait long enough so that the scheduler as an opportunity to
// run the job!
log.info("------- Waiting 10 seconds... -------------");
try {
// wait 65 seconds to show job
Thread.sleep(10000);
// executing...
} catch (Exception e) {
}
log.info("------- 暫停下程式... -------------");
sched.standby();
Thread.sleep(10000);
log.info("------- 重新開始程式... -------------");
// shut down the scheduler
log.info("------- Shutting Down ---------------------");
sched.shutdown(true);
log.info("------- Shutdown Complete -----------------");
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SimpleExample example = new SimpleExample();
example.run();
控制台列印資訊：
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:06.906 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Initializing ----------------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.062 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory]
Using default implementation for ThreadExecutor
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.078 下午 main [org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool]
Job execution threads will use class loader of thread: main
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl]
Initialized Scheduler Signaller of type: class org.quartz.core.SchedulerSignalerImpl
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Quartz Scheduler v.2.1.5 created.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore]
RAMJobStore initialized.
Scheduler meta-data: Quartz Scheduler (v2.1.5) 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' with instanceId 'NON_CLUSTERED'
Scheduler class: 'org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler' - running locally.
NOT STARTED.
Currently in standby mode.
Number of jobs executed: 0
Using thread pool 'org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool' - with 10 threads.
Using job-store 'org.quartz.simpl.RAMJobStore' - which does not support persistence. and is not clustered.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory]
Quartz scheduler 'DefaultQuartzScheduler' initialized from default resource file in Quartz package: 'quartz.properties'
Quartz scheduler version: 2.1.5
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.125 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Initialization Complete -----------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.140 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Scheduling Job -------------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
group1.job1 will run at: Wed Jun 06 21:30:00 CST 2012
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:07.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started.
------- Started Scheduler -----------------
------- Waiting 10 seconds... -------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:17.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- 暫停下程式... -------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:17.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.171 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- 重新開始程式... -------------
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.171 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
------- Shutting Down ---------------------
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutting down.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.578 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler]
Scheduler DefaultQuartzScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutdown complete.
[INFO] 06 六月 09:29:27.578 下午 main [org.quartz.examples.example1.SimpleExample]
------- Shutdown Complete -----------------
這裡使用了Thread.sleep(10000); 是為了給排程的程式有時間執行。
=======================================================================
以上屬于個人觀點，難免有錯誤，如發現錯誤請留言告之，我會訂正的。
本文轉自shyy8712872 51CTO部落格，原文連結：http://blog.51cto.com/shuyangyang/890639，如需轉載請自行聯系原作者
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