Heartbeat--haresources配置檔案詳解

轉自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7b6fc4c901012ols.html

資源檔案（/etc/ha.d/haresources）

Haresources檔案用于指定雙機系統的主節點、叢集IP、子網路遮罩、廣播位址以及啟動的服務等叢集資源，檔案每一行可以包含一個或多個資源腳本名，資源之間使用空格隔開，參數之間使用兩個冒号隔開，在兩個HA節點上該檔案必須完全一緻，此檔案的一般格式為：

1. node-name network  <resource-group> 

1. node1 IPaddr::192.168.60.200/24/eth0/  Filesystem:: /dev/sdb5::/webdata::ext3  httpd tomcat 

node-name表示主節點的主機名，必須和ha.cf檔案中指定的節點名一緻。network用于設定叢集的IP位址、子網路遮罩和網絡裝置辨別 等。需要注意的是，這裡指定的IP位址就是叢集對外服務的IP位址，resource-group用來指定需要Heartbeat托管的服務，也就是這些 服務可以由Heartbeat來啟動和關閉。如果要托管這些服務，就必須将服務寫成可以通過start/stop來啟動和關閉的腳步，然後放到/etc /init.d/或者/etc/ha.d/resource.d/目錄下，Heartbeat會根據腳本的名稱自動去/etc/init.d或者/etc /ha.d/resource.d/目錄下找到相應腳步進行啟動或關閉操作。

下面對配置方法進行具體說明：

其中，node1是HA叢集的主節點，IPaddr為heartbeat自帶的一個執行腳 步，Heartbeat首先将執行/etc/ha.d/resource.d/IPaddr 192.168.60.200/24 start的操作，也就是虛拟出一個子網路遮罩為255.255.255.0，IP為192.168.60.200的位址。此IP為Heartbeat對外 提供服務的網絡位址，同時指定此IP使用的網絡接口為eth0。接着，Heartbeat将執行共享磁盤分區的挂載操 作，"Filesystem::/dev/sdb5::/webdata::ext3"相當于在指令行下執行mount操作，即"mount -t ext3 /dev/sdb5 /webdata"，最後依次啟動httpd和Tomcat服務。

注意 主節點和備份節點中資源檔案haresources要完全一樣。

轉自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_7b6fc4c901012ols.html

# This is a list of resources that move from machine to machine as

# nodes go down and come up in the cluster.  Do not include

# "administrative" or fixed IP addresses in this file.

# 叢集中的節點停機和啟動時，這裡配置的資源清單會從一個節點轉移到另一個節點， 不過資源清單中不要包含管理或已經配置在伺服器上的IP位址在這個檔案中。

#

# <VERY IMPORTANT NOTE>

# The haresources files MUST BE IDENTICAL on all nodes of the cluster.

# 此haresources檔案在所有的叢集節點中都必須相同

# The node names listed in front of the resource group information

# is the name of the preferred node to run the service.  It is

# not necessarily the name of the current machine.  If you are running

# auto_failback ON (or legacy), then these services will be started

# up on the preferred nodes - any time they're up.

# 列在resource組資訊前的節點名稱是主機的hostname，它不需要是目前機器的名稱，如果你配置auto_failback on(或者

# legacy)，那麼這些服務将會在主機上啟動，隻要主機是運作的。

#

# If you are running with auto_failback OFF, then the node information

# will be used in the case of a simultaneous start-up, or when using

# the hb_standby {foreign,local} command.

# 如果你配置的是auto_failback off，那麼節點資訊将使用在同時啟動的情況，或當使用hb_standby {foreign,local}指令時。

# 

# BUT FOR ALL OF THESE CASES, the haresources files MUST BE IDENTICAL.

# If your files are different then almost certainly something

# won't work right.

# 但是對于所有的這些情況，此haresources檔案都必須相同。如果你的檔案不同那麼肯定有某些東西将不能正常工作。

# </VERY IMPORTANT NOTE>

#

# We refer to this file when we're coming up, and when a machine is being

# taken over after going down.

# 在開機和一個機器停機後被接管的時候會參考這個檔案。

#

# You need to make this right for your installation, then install it in

# /etc/ha.d

# 安裝時把它放到/etc/ha.d目錄。

#

# Each logical line in the file constitutes a "resource group".

# A resource group is a list of resources which move together from

# one node to another - in the order listed.  It is assumed that there

# is no relationship between different resource groups.  These

# resource in a resource group are started left-to-right, and stopped

# right-to-left.  Long lists of resources can be continued from line

# to line by ending the lines with backslashes ("").

# 在檔案裡面的每個邏輯行組成一個“resource group”。一個resource group就是從一個節點切換到另一個節點時的resources清單。

# 可以假設不同的resource groups之間是沒有關系的。resource group的resource啟動時是從左到右的。關閉時是從右到左的。

# 長的resources清單可以以反斜杠（“\”）結尾來續行。

#

# These resources in this file are either IP addresses, or the name

# of scripts to run to "start" or "stop" the given resource.

# 在 這個檔案裡面的resources可以是IP位址，也可以是用于“start”或“stop”給定的resource的腳本名稱

#

# The format is like this:

#

#node-name resource1 resource2 ... resourceN

#

# If the resource name contains an :: in the middle of it, the

# part after the :: is passed to the resource script as an argument.

#       Multiple arguments are separated by the :: delimeter

# 如果resource的名稱包含一個::在它的中間，在::後面的部分會傳遞給resource的腳本中作為一個參數，多個參數會以::分割。

#

# In the case of IP addresses, the resource script name IPaddr is implied.

# 在IP位址的情況中，resource腳本名稱IPaddr是隐含的。

#

# For example, the IP address 135.9.8.7 could also be represented

# as IPaddr::135.9.8.7

# 例如：IP位址135.9.8.7也可以被表現為IPaddr::135.9.8.7

#

# THIS IS IMPORTANT!!     vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv

#

# The given IP address is directed to an interface which has a route

# to the given address.  This means you have to have a net route

# set up outside of the High-Availability structure.  We don't set it

# up here -- we key off of it.

# 給定的IP位址會直接連到有路由到給定的位址的接口上，這也就意味着你必須要在 High-Availability 外部配置一個網絡路由。

#

# The broadcast address for the IP alias that is created to support

# an IP address defaults to the highest address on the subnet.

# IP别名的廣播位址将被預設建立為支援IP位址的子網裡的最高位址

#

# The netmask for the IP alias that is created defaults to the same

# netmask as the route that it selected in in the step above.

# IP别名的子網路遮罩将被預設建立為與上面選擇的路由相同的子網路遮罩

#

# The base interface for the IPalias that is created defaults to the

# same netmask as the route that it selected in the step above.

# IP别名的基礎接口将被預設建立為與上面選擇的路由相同的子網路遮罩

#

# If you want to specify that this IP address is to be brought up

# on a subnet with a netmask of 255.255.255.0, you would specify

# this as IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24 .  

# 如果你想要指定某個IP位址用指定的子網路遮罩來啟動，那麼像這樣指定它 IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24

#

# If you wished to tell it that the broadcast address for this subnet

# was 135.9.8.210, then you would specify that this way:

#  IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24/135.9.8.210

# 如果你想要指明這個子網的廣播位址為135.9.8.210，那麼可以像這樣指定 IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24/135.9.8.210

#

# If you wished to tell it that the interface to add the address to

# is eth0, then you would need to specify it this way:

#  IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24/eth0

# 如果你希望指明要增加位址的接口是eth0，那麼你需要像這樣指定 IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24/eth0

#

#       And this way to specify both the broadcast address and the

#       interface:

#  IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24/eth0/135.9.8.210

# 同時指定廣播位址和接口的方法為：

#  IPaddr::135.9.8.7/24/eth0/135.9.8.210

#

# The IP addresses you list in this file are called "service" addresses,

# since they're the publicly advertised addresses that clients

# use to get at highly available services.

# 清單在這個檔案中的IP位址叫做服務位址，它們是用戶端用于擷取高可用服務的公共通告位址

#

# For a hot/standby (non load-sharing) 2-node system with only a single service address, 

# you will probably only put one system name and one IP address in here.

# The name you give the address to is the name of the default "hot"

# system.

# 對于一個hot/standby（非共享負載）單服務位址的雙節點系統，你可能隻需要放置一個系統名稱和一個IP位址在這裡。你給定的位址對應的名字就是預設的hot系統的名字。

#

# Where the nodename is the name of the node which "normally" owns the

# resource.  If this machine is up, it will always have the resource

# it is shown as owning.

# 節點名稱就是正常情況下擁有resource的節點的名稱。如果此機器是up的，他将一直擁有以擁有顯示的resource。

#

# The string you put in for nodename must match the uname -n name

# of your machine.  Depending on how you have it administered, it could

# be a short name or a FQDN.

# 設定作為節點名稱的字元串必須比對在機器上使用uname -n獲得的名字。基于你如果進行管理，它可能是一個縮寫名稱或一個FQDN。

#

# Simple case: One service address, default subnet and netmask

#  No servers that go up and down with the IP address

# 簡單情況：一個服務位址，預設子網和掩碼，沒有服務與IP位址一起啟動和關閉

#

#just.linux-ha.org 135.9.216.110

#

# Assuming the adminstrative addresses are on the same subnet...

# A little more complex case: One service address, default subnet

# and netmask, and you want to start and stop http when you get

# the IP address...

# 假定管理位址在相同的子網...

# 稍微複雜一些的情況：一個服務位址，預設子網和子網路遮罩，同時你要在獲得IP位址的時候啟動和停止http。

#

#just.linux-ha.org 135.9.216.110 http

#-------------------------------------------------------------------

#

# A little more complex case: Three service addresses, default subnet

# and netmask, and you want to start and stop http when you get

# the IP address...

# 稍微複雜一些的情況：三個服務位址，預設子網和掩碼，同時你要在獲得IP位址的時候啟動和停止http。

#

#just.linux-ha.org 135.9.216.110 135.9.215.111 135.9.216.112 httpd

#-------------------------------------------------------------------

#

# One service address, with the subnet, interface and bcast addr

#       explicitly defined.

# 一個服務位址，顯式指定子網，接口，廣播位址

#

#just.linux-ha.org 135.9.216.3/28/eth0/135.9.216.12 httpd

#

#-------------------------------------------------------------------

#

#       An example where a shared filesystem is to be used.

#       Note that multiple aguments are passed to this script using

#       the delimiter '::' to separate each argument.

# 一個使用共享檔案系統的例子

# 需要注意用'::'分隔的多個參數被傳遞到了這個腳本

#

#node1  10.0.0.170 Filesystem::/dev/sda1::/data1::ext2

#

# Regarding the node-names in this file:

# 關于這個檔案中的節點名稱：

# They must match the names of the nodes listed in ha.cf, which in turn

# must match the `uname -n` of some node in the cluster.  So they aren't

# virtual in any sense of the word.

# 它們必須比對在ha.cf中列出的節點名稱，依次必須比對叢集中的某些節點'unmae -n'的結果。是以它們不是對于詞的虛假感覺。

#