原文:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37956938/article/details/78084503
一、主要步驟
1 建立workbook,建立要展示的sheet,即需要使用者填寫的sheet,設定表頭等必須字段
2 建立隐藏sheet,列出下拉清單中需要展示的項資訊
3 名稱管理器設定name
4 利用名稱管理器關聯到隐藏sheet中資訊
5 設定有效性,添加驗證
二、詳細步驟
可以先熟悉在excel檔案中建立多級關聯做法,可參照Excel多級下拉菜單關聯自動比對内容
(http://blog.csdn.net/dearmorning/article/details/54312084)
級聯也可參照http://blog.csdn.net/readiay/article/details/52397419,寫的很詳細,包含使用POI寫excel,并且添加資料校驗,以及省市區級聯菜單設定,分Excel2003與Excel2007兩個版本這些問題的具體步驟和代碼,本文主要是拆分詳解excel級聯
1 建立workbook,建立要展示的sheet,即需要使用者填寫的sheet,設定表頭等必須字段
// 建立一個excel
Workbook book = new XSSFWorkbook();
// 建立需要使用者填寫的資料頁
// 設計表頭
Sheet sheetPro = book.createSheet("省市縣");
Row row0 = sheetPro.createRow(0);
row0.createCell(0).setCellValue("省");
row0.createCell(1).setCellValue("市");
row0.createCell(2).setCellValue("縣");
效果如圖:
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/9ZDMuAjOiMmIsIjOiQnIsICdzFWRoRXdvN1LclHdpZXYyd2LcBzNvwVZ2x2bzNXak9CX90TQNNkRrFlQKBTSvwFbslmZvwFMwQzLcVmepNHdu9mZvwFVywUNMZTY18CX052bm9CX9cmeNVTWU5UNjpXTmJEViZXUYpVd1kmYr50MZV3YyI2cKJDT29GRjBjUIF2LcRHelR3LcJzLctmch1mclRXY39DOyITN0ADN2EzNxEDM4EDMy8CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLn9Gbi1yZtl2Lc9CX6MHc0RHaiojIsJye.jpg)
2 建立隐藏sheet,列出下拉清單中需要展示的項資訊
//得到第一級省名稱,放在清單裡
String[] provinceArr = {"江蘇省","安徽省"};
//依次列出各省的市、各市的縣
String[] cityJiangSu = {"南京市","蘇州市","鹽城市"};
String[] cityAnHui = {"合肥市","安慶市"};
String[] countyNanjing = {"六合縣","江甯縣"};
String[] countySuzhou = {"姑蘇區","園區"};
String[] countyYancheng = {"響水縣","射陽縣"};
String[] countyLiuhe = {"瑤海區","廬陽區"};
String[] countyAnQing = {"迎江區","大觀區"};
//将有子區域的父區域放到一個數組中
String[] areaFatherNameArr ={"江蘇省","安徽省","南京市","蘇州市","鹽城市","合肥市","安慶市"};
Map<String,String[]> areaMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();
areaMap.put("江蘇省", cityJiangSu);
areaMap.put("安徽省",cityAnHui);
areaMap.put("南京市",countyNanjing);
areaMap.put("蘇州市", countySuzhou);
areaMap.put("鹽城市",countyYancheng);
areaMap.put("合肥市",countyYancheng);
areaMap.put("合肥市", countyLiuhe);
areaMap.put("安慶市",countyAnQing);
//建立一個專門用來存放地區資訊的隐藏sheet頁
//是以也不能在現實頁之前建立,否則無法隐藏。
Sheet hideSheet = book.createSheet("area");
//這一行作用是将此sheet隐藏,功能未完成時注釋此行,可以檢視隐藏sheet中資訊是否正确
//book.setSheetHidden(book.getSheetIndex(hideSheet), true);
int rowId = 0;
// 設定第一行,存省的資訊
Row provinceRow = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
provinceRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("省清單");
for(int i = 0; i < provinceArr.length; i ++){
Cell provinceCell = provinceRow.createCell(i + 1);
provinceCell.setCellValue(provinceArr[i]);
}
// 将具體的資料寫入到每一行中,行開頭為父級區域,後面是子區域。
for(int i = 0;i < areaFatherNameArr.length;i++){
String key = areaFatherNameArr[i];
String[] son = areaMap.get(key);
Row row = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue(key);
for(int j = 0; j < son.length; j ++){
Cell cell = row.createCell(j + 1);
cell.setCellValue(son[j]);
}
// 添加名稱管理器
String range = getRange(1, rowId, son.length);
Name name = book.createName();
//key不可重複,将父區域名作為key
name.setNameName(key);
String formula = "area!" + range;
name.setRefersToFormula(formula);
}
未隐藏前效果如圖:圖中每種顔色方框内省市縣互相對應,并且不可重複
3 名稱管理器設定name
// 添加名稱管理器
String range = getRange(1, rowId, son.length);
Name name = book.createName();
//key不可重複,将父區域名作為key
name.setNameName(key);
String formula = "area!" + range;
name.setRefersToFormula(formula);
public String getRange(int offset, int rowId, int colCount) {
char start = (char)('A' + offset);
if (colCount <= 25) {
char end = (char)(start + colCount - 1);
return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + end + "$" + rowId;
} else {
char endPrefix = 'A';
char endSuffix = 'A';
if ((colCount - 25) / 26 == 0 || colCount == 51) {// 26-51之間,包括邊界(僅兩次字母表計算)
if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {// 邊界值
endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
} else {
endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
}
} else {// 51以上
if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {
endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26 - 1);
} else {
endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26);
}
}
return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + endPrefix + endSuffix + "$" + rowId;
}
}
添加完名稱管理器效果如圖:
4 利用名稱管理器關聯到隐藏sheet中資訊
XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet);
// 舉例:若formulaString = "INDIRECT($A$2)" 表示規則資料會從名稱管理器中擷取key與單元格 A2 值相同的資料,
//如果A2是江蘇省,那麼此處就是江蘇省下的市資訊。
XSSFDataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (XSSFDataValidationConstraint) dvHelper.createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
設定關聯後如圖:此時B5單元格受A5單元格的值影響
jar包:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.14</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
<version>3.14</version>
</dependency>
完整代碼如下:
package com.cc.cs;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.DataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Name;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.ss.util.CellRangeAddressList;
import org.apache.poi.util.IOUtils;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidation;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationConstraint;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFDataValidationHelper;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class NewTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Cascade();
}
public static void Cascade() {
// 建立一個excel
@SuppressWarnings("resource")
Workbook book = new XSSFWorkbook();
// 建立需要使用者填寫的sheet
XSSFSheet sheetPro = (XSSFSheet) book.createSheet("省市縣");
Row row0 = sheetPro.createRow(0);
row0.createCell(0).setCellValue("省");
row0.createCell(1).setCellValue("市");
row0.createCell(2).setCellValue("區");
//得到第一級省名稱,放在清單裡
String[] provinceArr = {"江蘇省","安徽省"};
//依次列出各省的市、各市的縣
String[] cityJiangSu = {"南京市","蘇州市","鹽城市"};
String[] cityAnHui = {"合肥市","安慶市"};
String[] countyNanjing = {"六合縣","江甯縣"};
String[] countySuzhou = {"姑蘇區","園區"};
String[] countyYancheng = {"響水縣","射陽縣"};
String[] countyLiuhe = {"瑤海區","廬陽區"};
String[] countyAnQing = {"迎江區","大觀區"};
//将有子區域的父區域放到一個數組中
String[] areaFatherNameArr ={"江蘇省","安徽省","南京市","蘇州市","鹽城市","合肥市","安慶市"};
Map<String,String[]> areaMap = new HashMap<String, String[]>();
areaMap.put("江蘇省", cityJiangSu);
areaMap.put("安徽省",cityAnHui);
areaMap.put("南京市",countyNanjing);
areaMap.put("蘇州市", countySuzhou);
areaMap.put("鹽城市",countyYancheng);
areaMap.put("合肥市",countyYancheng);
areaMap.put("合肥市", countyLiuhe);
areaMap.put("安慶市",countyAnQing);
//建立一個專門用來存放地區資訊的隐藏sheet頁
//是以也不能在現實頁之前建立,否則無法隐藏。
Sheet hideSheet = book.createSheet("area");
//這一行作用是将此sheet隐藏,功能未完成時注釋此行,可以檢視隐藏sheet中資訊是否正确
//book.setSheetHidden(book.getSheetIndex(hideSheet), true);
int rowId = 0;
// 設定第一行,存省的資訊
Row provinceRow = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
provinceRow.createCell(0).setCellValue("省清單");
for(int i = 0; i < provinceArr.length; i ++){
Cell provinceCell = provinceRow.createCell(i + 1);
provinceCell.setCellValue(provinceArr[i]);
}
// 将具體的資料寫入到每一行中,行開頭為父級區域,後面是子區域。
for(int i = 0;i < areaFatherNameArr.length;i++){
String key = areaFatherNameArr[i];
String[] son = areaMap.get(key);
Row row = hideSheet.createRow(rowId++);
row.createCell(0).setCellValue(key);
for(int j = 0; j < son.length; j ++){
Cell cell = row.createCell(j + 1);
cell.setCellValue(son[j]);
}
// 添加名稱管理器
String range = getRange(1, rowId, son.length);
Name name = book.createName();
//key不可重複
name.setNameName(key);
String formula = "area!" + range;
name.setRefersToFormula(formula);
}
XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper((XSSFSheet)sheetPro);
// 省規則
DataValidationConstraint provConstraint = dvHelper.createExplicitListConstraint(provinceArr);
// 四個參數分别是:起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
CellRangeAddressList provRangeAddressList = new CellRangeAddressList(1, 20, 0, 0);
DataValidation provinceDataValidation = dvHelper.createValidation(provConstraint, provRangeAddressList);
//驗證
provinceDataValidation.createErrorBox("error", "請選擇正确的省份");
provinceDataValidation.setShowErrorBox(true);
provinceDataValidation.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
sheetPro.addValidationData(provinceDataValidation);
//對前20行設定有效性
for(int i = 2;i < 20;i++){
setDataValidation("A" ,sheetPro,i,2);
setDataValidation("B" ,sheetPro,i,3);
}
FileOutputStream os = null;
try {
os = new FileOutputStream("D:/testbbb.xlsx");
book.write(os);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
}
}
public static void setDataValidation(String offset,XSSFSheet sheet, int rowNum,int colNum) {
XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper = new XSSFDataValidationHelper(sheet);
DataValidation data_validation_list;
data_validation_list = getDataValidationByFormula(
"INDIRECT($" + offset + (rowNum) + ")", rowNum, colNum,dvHelper);
sheet.addValidationData(data_validation_list);
}
private static DataValidation getDataValidationByFormula(
String formulaString, int naturalRowIndex, int naturalColumnIndex,XSSFDataValidationHelper dvHelper) {
// 加載下拉清單内容
// 舉例:若formulaString = "INDIRECT($A$2)" 表示規則資料會從名稱管理器中擷取key與單元格 A2 值相同的資料,
//如果A2是江蘇省,那麼此處就是江蘇省下的市資訊。
XSSFDataValidationConstraint dvConstraint = (XSSFDataValidationConstraint) dvHelper.createFormulaListConstraint(formulaString);
// 設定資料有效性加載在哪個單元格上。
// 四個參數分别是:起始行、終止行、起始列、終止列
int firstRow = naturalRowIndex -1;
int lastRow = naturalRowIndex - 1;
int firstCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
int lastCol = naturalColumnIndex - 1;
CellRangeAddressList regions = new CellRangeAddressList(firstRow,
lastRow, firstCol, lastCol);
// 資料有效性對象
// 綁定
XSSFDataValidation data_validation_list = (XSSFDataValidation) dvHelper.createValidation(dvConstraint, regions);
data_validation_list.setEmptyCellAllowed(false);
if (data_validation_list instanceof XSSFDataValidation) {
data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(true);
data_validation_list.setShowErrorBox(true);
} else {
data_validation_list.setSuppressDropDownArrow(false);
}
// 設定輸入資訊提示資訊
data_validation_list.createPromptBox("下拉選擇提示", "請使用下拉方式選擇合适的值!");
// 設定輸入錯誤提示資訊
//data_validation_list.createErrorBox("選擇錯誤提示", "你輸入的值未在備選清單中,請下拉選擇合适的值!");
return data_validation_list;
}
public static String getRange(int offset, int rowId, int colCount) {
char start = (char)('A' + offset);
if (colCount <= 25) {
char end = (char)(start + colCount - 1);
return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + end + "$" + rowId;
} else {
char endPrefix = 'A';
char endSuffix = 'A';
if ((colCount - 25) / 26 == 0 || colCount == 51) {// 26-51之間,包括邊界(僅兩次字母表計算)
if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {// 邊界值
endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
} else {
endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
}
} else {// 51以上
if ((colCount - 25) % 26 == 0) {
endSuffix = (char)('A' + 25);
endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26 - 1);
} else {
endSuffix = (char)('A' + (colCount - 25) % 26 - 1);
endPrefix = (char)(endPrefix + (colCount - 25) / 26);
}
}
return "$" + start + "$" + rowId + ":$" + endPrefix + endSuffix + "$" + rowId;
}
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原文:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37956938/article/details/78084503