51單片機常用彙編語言助記符英文全稱
(1)資料傳送類指令（7種助記符）
MOV（英文為Move）：對内部資料寄存器RAM和特殊功能寄存器SFR的資料進行傳送；
MOVC（Move Code）讀取程式存儲器資料表格的資料傳送；
MOVX (Move External RAM) 對外部RAM的資料傳送；
XCH (Exchange) 位元組交換；
XCHD (Exchange low-order Digit) 低半位元組交換；
PUSH (Push onto Stack) 入棧；
POP (Pop from Stack) 出棧；
（2）算術運算類指令（8種助記符）
ADD(Addition) 加法；
ADDC(Add with Carry) 帶進位加法；
SUBB(Subtract with Borrow) 帶借位減法；
DA(Decimal Adjust) 十進制調整；
INC(Increment) 加1；DEC(Decrement) 減1；
MUL(Multiplication、Multiply) 乘法；
DIV(Division、Divide) 除法；
(3)邏輯運算類指令（10種助記符）
ANL(AND Logic) 邏輯與；
XRL(Exclusive-OR Logic) 邏輯異或；
CLR(Clear) 清零；CPL(Complement) 取反；
RL(Rotate left) 循環左移；
RLC(Rotate Left throught the Carry flag) 帶進位循環左移；
RR(Rotate Right) 循環右移；
RRC (Rotate Right throught the Carry flag) 帶進位循環右移；
SWAP (Swap) 低4位與高4位交換；
（4）控制轉移類指令（17種助記符）
ACALL（Absolute subroutine Call）子程式絕對調用；
LCALL（Long subroutine Call）子程式長調用；
RET（Return from subroutine）子程式傳回；
RETI（Return from Interruption）中斷傳回；
SJMP（Short Jump）短轉移；LJMP長轉移；
AJMP（Absolute Jump）絕對轉移；
CJNE (Compare Jump if Not Equal)比較不相等則轉移；
DJNZ (Decrement Jump if Not Zero)減１後不為０則轉移；
JZ (Jump if Zero)結果為０則轉移；
JNZ (Jump if Not Zero) 結果不為０則轉移；
JC (Jump if the Carry flag is set)有進位則轉移；
JNC (Jump if Not Carry)無進位則轉移；
JB (Jump if the Bit is set)位為１則轉移；
JNB (Jump if the Bit is Not set) 位為０則轉移；
JBC(Jump if the Bit is set and Clear the bit) 位為１則轉移，并清除該位；
NOP (No Operation) 空操作；
（5）位操作指令（1種助記符）
SETB(Set Bit) 位 置１ 。
1. 通用資料傳送指令.
MOV----> move
MOVSX---->extended move with sign data
MOVZX---->extended move with zero data
PUSH---->push
POP---->pop
PUSHA---->push all
POPA---->pop all
PUSHAD---->push all data
POPAD---->pop all data
BSWAP---->byte swap
XCHG---->exchange
CMPXCHG---->compare and change
XADD---->exchange and add
XLAT---->translate
2.輸入輸出端口傳送指令.
IN---->input
OUT---->output
3.目的位址傳送指令.
LEA---->load effective address
LDS---->load DS
LES---->load ES
LFS---->load FS
LGS---->load GS
LSS---->load SS
4.标志傳送指令.
LAHF---->load AH from flag
SAHF---->save AH to flag
PUSHF---->push flag
POPF---->pop flag
PUSHD---->push dflag
POPD---->pop dflag
二、算術運算指令
ADD---->add
ADC---->add with carry
INC---->increase 1
AAA---->ascii add with adjust
DAA---->decimal add with adjust
SUB---->substract
SBB---->substract with borrow
DEC---->decrease 1
NEC---->negative
CMP---->compare
AAS---->ascii adjust on substract
DAS---->decimal adjust on substract
MUL---->multiplication
IMUL---->integer multiplication
AAM---->ascii adjust on multiplication
DIV---->divide
IDIV---->integer divide
AAD---->ascii adjust on divide
CBW---->change byte to word
CWD---->change word to double word
CWDE---->change word to double word with sign to EAX
CDQ---->change double word to quadrate word
三、邏輯運算指令
AND---->and
OR---->or
XOR---->xor
NOT---->not
TEST---->test
SHL---->shift left
SAL---->arithmatic shift left
SHR---->shift right
SAR---->arithmatic shift right
ROL---->rotate left
ROR---->rotate right
RCL---->rotate left with carry
RCR---->rotate right with carry
四、串指令
MOVS---->move string
CMPS---->compare string
SCAS---->scan string
LODS---->load string
STOS---->store string
REP---->repeat
REPE---->repeat when equal
REPZ---->repeat when zero flag
REPNE---->repeat when not equal
REPNZ---->repeat when zero flag
REPC---->repeat when carry flag
REPNC---->repeat when not carry flag
五、程式轉移指令
1>無條件轉移指令(長轉移)
JMP---->jump
CALL---->call
RET---->return
RETF---->return far
2>條件轉移指令(短轉移,-128到+127的距離内)
JAE---->jump when above or equal
JNB---->jump when not below
JB---->jump when below
JNAE---->jump when not above or equal
JBE---->jump when below or equal
JNA---->jump when not above
JG---->jump when greater
JNLE---->jump when not less or equal
JGE---->jump when greater or equal
JNL---->jump when not less
JL---->jump when less
JNGE---->jump when not greater or equal
JLE---->jump when less or equal
JNG---->jump when not greater
JE---->jump when equal
JZ---->jump when has zero flag
JNE---->jump when not equal
JNZ---->jump when not has zero flag
JC---->jump when has carry flag
JNC---->jump when not has carry flag
JNO---->jump when not has overflow flag
JNP---->jump when not has parity flag
JPO---->jump when parity flag is odd
JNS---->jump when not has sign flag
JO---->jump when has overflow flag
JP---->jump when has parity flag
JPE---->jump when parity flag is even
JS---->jump when has sign flag
3>循環控制指令(短轉移)
LOOP---->loop
LOOPE---->loop equal
LOOPZ---->loop zero
LOOPNE---->loop not equal
LOOPNZ---->loop not zero
JCXZ---->jump when CX is zero
JECXZ---->jump when ECX is zero
4>中斷指令
INT---->interrupt
INTO---->overflow interrupt
IRET---->interrupt return
5>處理器控制指令
HLT---->halt
WAIT---->wait
ESC---->escape
LOCK---->lock
NOP---->no operation
STC---->set carry
CLC---->clear carry
CMC---->carry make change
STD---->set direction
CLD---->clear direction
STI---->set interrupt
CLI---->clear interrupt
六、僞指令
DW---->define word
PROC---->procedure
ENDP---->end of procedure
SEGMENT---->segment
ASSUME---->assume
ENDS---->end segment(段, 節,片斷)
END---->end