ActiveMQ包含了很多features（詳見http://activemq.apache.org/features.html ），
不同的需求，不同的環境，需要不同的features，當然需要不同的配置。在這裡我隻寫了最基本的配置，算是抛磚了，希望引出更多關于ActiveMQ的進階配置。
假設已經正确安裝ActiveMQ5.0，同時及其IP位址為192.168.1.148，具體使用時可以改為自己的IP。下面講解的配置實作的features如下：
1. 用戶端可以通過tcp://192.168.1.148連接配接ActiveMQ。
2. 消息持久化儲存，重新開機伺服器不會丢失消息。
3. 可以通過http://192.168.1.148:8161/admin監控ActiveMQ伺服器
配置
ActiveMQ預設使用的是XML格式配置，從4.0版本開始用MBean的方式實作XML配置，配置檔案在${activemq.home}/conf目錄下，檔案名為activemq.xml。最新的預設配置見
http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/activemq/trunk/assembly/src/release/conf/activemq.xml 。下面為本篇文章使用的配置，及重要部分的解釋。
Xml代碼
1. <beans
2. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:amq="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"
4. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Schema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
5. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0 http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/schema/<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>-core.xsd
6. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
7.
8. <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存儲消息，和子元素persistenceAdapter結合使用 -->
9. <!-- dataDirectory預設的存儲持久化資料的目錄 -->
10. <!-- brokerName 設定broker的name，在注意在網絡上必須是唯一的-->
11. <!-- 更多參考http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org /xbean-<SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>-reference-50.html#XBean<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Reference5.0-brokerelement -->
12. <broker <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
13.
14. <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
15. <!-- wildcards意義見http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
16. <destinationPolicy>
17. <policyMap>
18. <policyEntries>
19. <!-- 這裡使用了wildcards，表示所有以EUCITA開頭的topic -->
20. <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
21. <!-- 分發政策 -->
22. <dispatchPolicy>
23. <!-- 按順序分發 -->
24. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
25. </dispatchPolicy>
26. <!-- 恢複政策-->
27. <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
28. <!-- 隻恢複最後一個message -->
29. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
30. </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
31. </policyEntry>
32. </policyEntries>
33. </policyMap>
34. </destinationPolicy>
35.
36. <!-- The transport connectors <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN> will listen to -->
37. <transportConnectors>
38. <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
39. <transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
40. <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
41. <transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
42. </transportConnectors>
43.
44. <!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
45. <persistenceAdapter>
46. <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data"/>
47. </persistenceAdapter>
48. </broker>
49.
50. <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN>.Agent topic -->
51. <commandAgent <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"/>
52.
53. <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
54. <jetty <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
55. <connectors>
56. <nioConnector port="8161" />
57. </connectors>
58.
59. <handlers>
60. <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
61. <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
62. </handlers>
63. </jetty>
64. </beans>
1. <beans
2. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
3. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:amq="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"
4. <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Schema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
5. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0 http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/schema/<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>-core.xsd
6. http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/camel/schema/spring>
7.
8. <!-- persistent="true"表示要持久化存儲消息，和子元素persistenceAdapter結合使用 -->
9. <!-- dataDirectory預設的存儲持久化資料的目錄 -->
10. <!-- brokerName 設定broker的name，在注意在網絡上必須是唯一的-->
11. <!-- 更多參考http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org /xbean-<SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>-reference-50.html#XBean<SPAN class=hilite2>XML</SPAN>Reference5.0-brokerelement -->
12. <broker <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0" brokerName="192.168.1.148" persistent ="true" dataDirectory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data" useShutdownHook="false">
13.
14. <!-- Destination specific policies using destination names or wildcards -->
15. <!-- wildcards意義見http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.apache.org/wildcards.html -->
16. <destinationPolicy>
17. <policyMap>
18. <policyEntries>
19. <!-- 這裡使用了wildcards，表示所有以EUCITA開頭的topic -->
20. <policyEntry topic="EUCITA.>" producerFlowControl="false" memoryLimit="10mb">
21. <!-- 分發政策 -->
22. <dispatchPolicy>
23. <!-- 按順序分發 -->
24. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy/>
25. </dispatchPolicy>
26. <!-- 恢複政策-->
27. <subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
28. <!-- 隻恢複最後一個message -->
29. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy/>
30. </subscriptionRecoveryPolicy>
31. </policyEntry>
32. </policyEntries>
33. </policyMap>
34. </destinationPolicy>
35.
36. <!-- The transport connectors <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN> will listen to -->
37. <transportConnectors>
38. <transportConnector name="openwire" uri="tcp://192.168.1.148:61616" discoveryUri="multicast://default"/>
39. <transportConnector name="ssl" uri="ssl://192.168.1.148:61617"/>
40. <transportConnector name="stomp" uri="stomp://192.168.1.148:61613"/>
41. <transportConnector name="xmpp" uri="xmpp://192.168.1.148:61222"/>
42. </transportConnectors>
43.
44. <!-- 消息持久化方式 -->
45. <persistenceAdapter>
46. <amqPersistenceAdapter directory="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/data"/>
47. </persistenceAdapter>
48. </broker>
49.
50. <!-- lets create a command agent to respond to message based admin commands on the <SPAN class=hilite1>ActiveMQ</SPAN>.Agent topic -->
51. <commandAgent <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.org/config/1.0"/>
52.
53. <!-- An embedded servlet engine for serving up the Admin console -->
54. <jetty <SPAN class=hilite2>xml</SPAN>ns="http://mortbay.com/schemas/jetty/1.0">
55. <connectors>
56. <nioConnector port="8161" />
57. </connectors>
58.
59. <handlers>
60. <webAppContext contextPath="/admin" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/admin" logUrlOnStart="true" />
61. <webAppContext contextPath="/demo" resourceBase="${<SPAN class=hilite1>activemq</SPAN>.base}/webapps/demo" logUrlOnStart="true" />
62. </handlers>
63. </jetty>
64. </beans>
注釋
關于XML配置中元素的具體資訊可以參考http://activemq.apache.org/xbean-xml-reference-50.html 下面介紹本篇配置使用的一些重要元素。
DispathPolicy
ActiveMQ支援3中不同的分發政策（避免翻譯了以後誤解，這裡用原文）：
1. <roundRobinDispatchPolicy>：Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
2. <simpleDispatchPolicy>：Simple dispatch policy that sends a message to every subscription that matches the message.
3. <strictOrderDispatchPolicy>：Dispatch policy that causes every subscription to see messages in the same order.
SubscriptionRecoveryPolicy
ActiveMQ支援6種恢複政策，可以自行選擇使用不同的政策
1. <fixedCountSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>： keep a fixed count of last messages.
2. <fixedSizedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>： keep a fixed amount of memory available in RAM for message history which is evicted in time order.
3. <lastImageSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：only keep the last message.
4. <noSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：disable recovery of messages.
5. <queryBasedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：perform a user specific query mechanism to load any messages they may have missed.
6. <timedSubscriptionRecoveryPolicy>：keep a timed buffer of messages around in memory and use that to recover new subscriptions.
PersistenceAdapter
http://activemq.apache.org/persistence 講解了關于persistence的資訊。ActiveMQ5.0使用AMQ Message Store 持久化消息，這種方式提供了很好的性能（The AMQ Message Store is an embeddable transactional message storage solution that is extremely fast and reliable.）預設使用該存儲方式即可，如果想使用JDBC來存儲，可以查找文檔配置。
Summary
本篇文章隻提供了基本配置資訊。如果需要更多的文章，可以檢視ActiveMQ的文檔。
講了安裝和簡單的配置，下一篇将介紹和Sping的整合，以及多個queue，多個topic，多個producer，多個consumer的配置，使用。
原貼位址:http://jinguo.javaeye.com/blog/239885
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