最近又遇到了需要提供csv下載下傳功能的需求,不同的時需要用java來實作,心想簡單,就把以前php的版本重寫了一遍,然後生成一份csv,用excel2007打開一看,裡面的中文都是亂碼,一下就懵了,以前好好的功能怎麼突然不行了??以前也一直用2007的啊!于是開始了漫長的google之旅。
看來看去,說的都是輸出utf-8格式的csv需要在檔案頭先輸出BOM(BOM不懂的可以google了),即0xEF 0xBB 0xBF三個位元組,這樣更摸不着頭腦了,明明是對的,偏偏不成功,直到發現一個文章:http://stackoverflow.com/a/9337150/1794493 ,裡面提到2007需要裝sp3才能識别BOM,shit!原來是這回事!裡面同時又提到,用utf-16le編碼輸出貌似更通用,經測試确實如此,但是utf-16le的BOM是0xFF 0xFE,文章裡面說錯了!下面是一個簡單的測試結果:
excel版本 | 附加包 | 編碼 | 測試結果 |
---|---|---|---|
2007 | sp3 | utf-8 | yes |
2007 | 無 | utf-8 | no |
2007 | sp3 | utf-16le | yes |
2007 | 無 | utf-16le | yes |
2011 | 無 | utf-8 | no |
2011 | 無 | utf-16le | yes |
因為條件有限,隻測試了這幾個版本,可見utf-16le是更通用的編碼格式。下面附上java代碼,main方法中采用utf-16le編碼,最後調用了utf8編碼的方法,最後會輸出兩種編碼格式的csv檔案:
import java.io.*;
/**
* Created by zhaozhi on 15-5-29.
*/
public class TestCSV {
public static String join(String[] strArr, String delim) {
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for(String s : strArr) {
sb.append(s);
sb.append(delim);
}
String ret;
if (strArr.length > 1) {
ret = sb.substring(0, sb.length()-1);
}
else {
ret = sb.toString();
}
return ret;
}
public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
String[] heads = {"日期", "産品", "訂單數"};
String[][] rows = {
{"20150228", "安卓", "23"},
{"20150301", "web", "34"}
};
byte[] bom = {(byte)0xFF, (byte)0xFE};
String fname = "d:\\utf-16le.csv";
BufferedOutputStream bo = new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(fname));
bo.write(bom);
bo.write(join(heads, "\t").getBytes("utf-16le"));
bo.write("\n".getBytes("utf-16le"));
for (String[] row : rows) {
bo.write(join(row, "\t").getBytes("utf-16le"));
bo.write("\n".getBytes("utf-16le"));
}
bo.close();
UTF8();
}
public static void UTF8() throws IOException {
String line = "中文,标題,23";
OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream("d:/utf-8.csv");
os.write(239); // 0xEF
os.write(187); // 0xBB
os.write(191); // 0xBF
PrintWriter w = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
w.print(line);
w.flush();
w.close();
}
}