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今天小編為大家帶來《不同主體主導下生鮮農産品供應鍊的利潤最大化政策研究》最優化理論。
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Today, the editor brings you the optimization theory of "Research on Profit Maximization Strategies of Fresh Agricultural Products Supply Chain Under the Dominance of Different Subjects".
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本期推文通過思維導圖，精讀内容，知識補充三個闆塊，展示碩士論文《不同主體主導下生鮮農産品供應鍊的利潤最大化政策研究》最優化理論，請讀者跟着小編一起來學習吧！
This tweet shows the optimization theory of the master's thesis "Research on Profit Maximization Strategies of Fresh Agricultural Products Supply Chain under the Dominance of Different Subjects" through three sections: Mind Map, Intensive Reading Content, and Knowledge Supplement. Readers are invited to follow the editor to learn!
01
思維導圖
博士論文《不同主體主導下生鮮農産品供應鍊的利潤最大化政策研究》最優化理論，思維導圖如下：
Doctoral dissertation "Research on Profit Maximization Strategies of Fresh Agricultural Products Supply Chain under the Dominance of Different Subjects" Optimization Theory, mind map is as follows:
02
精讀内容
在概念定義章節，對最優化理論進行了介紹。首先說明了最優化理論常用在如下幾個問題：1.廠商為了實作自身利潤最大化安排生産計劃。2.零售商商為了實作自身利潤最大化制定采購和定價計劃。3.政府為了實作社會福利最大化目标制定最優的補貼政策。
In the concept definition chapter, the optimization theory is introduced. Firstly, it is explained that the optimization theory is often used in the following problems: 1. Manufacturers arrange production plans to maximize their own profits. 2. Retailers formulate procurement and pricing plans to maximize their own profits. 3. The government formulates the optimal subsidy policy to maximize social welfare.
随後說明了最優化理論的核心内容就是研究數學模型，其通式為1.目标函數。2.決策變量滿足限制條件。
Then it is explained that the core content of optimization theory is to study mathematical models, and its general formula is 1. Objective function. 2. Decision variables satisfy constraints.
最優化利潤主要涉及的問題分兩部分：1.限制優化問題。顧名思義即在限制條件決定的範圍内求解目标函數Z達到最大值或最小值的最優解。2.無限制優化問題，即沒有限制條件，可行域為全集。
The main problems involved in the optimization of profit are divided into two parts: 1. Constrained optimization problem. As the name implies, it is to solve the optimal solution where the objective function Z reaches the maximum or minimum value within the range determined by the constraints. 2. Unconstrained optimization problem, that is, there are no constraints, and the feasible region is the complete set.
限制規劃裡又分為線性規劃和非線性規劃，可行域是有限維空間的子集且限制條件為線性函數稱為線性優化。限制條件不為線性函數即非線性規劃。
Constrained programming is divided into linear programming and nonlinear programming. The feasible region is a subset of the finite dimensional space and the constraints are linear functions, which is called linear optimization. The constraints are not linear functions, that is, nonlinear programming.
非線性規劃是最常見的優化問題，求解方法為最速下降法、拟牛頓法、非線性最小二乘法和最優性條件直接求解。
Nonlinear programming is the most common optimization problem, and the solution methods are steepest descent method, quasi-Newton method, nonlinear least squares method and direct solution of optimality conditions.
最優性條件直接求解中，隻含等式限制條件時，采用拉格朗日函數法求解。限制條件為不等式時，目标函數是嚴格凹函數或拟凹函數時，利用件基于 Karush-kuhn-Tucker 條件和局部極值點和全局最值點的關系求解。
In the direct solution of optimality conditions, when only equality constraints are included, the Lagrangian function method is used to solve them. When the constraints are inequalities, when the objective function is strictly concave or quasi-concave, it is solved based on the Karush-kuhn-Tucker condition and the relationship between the local extreme point and the global maximum point.
章節最後，作者對本文使用的最優化理論進行了介紹，研究内容為非線性規劃模型研究供應鍊企業利潤最大化、社會福利最大化、效用最大化。求解的方法為無限制優化與限制優化的最優性條件求解。
At the end of the chapter, the author introduces the optimization theory used in this paper, and the research content is the nonlinear programming model to study the profit maximization, social welfare maximization, and utility maximization of supply chain enterprises. The solution methods are unconstrained optimization and constrained optimization.
03
知識補充
文章中提到最優化理論，最優化理論在現實生活中的應用範圍有哪些？
1. 工程設計：在建築、機械、電子和航空航天等領域，工程師使用優化理論來設計最優的結構、電路、系統和流程。
2. 生産管理：在制造業中，優化理論用于生産排程、庫存控制、供應鍊管理和資源配置設定，以提高效率和降低成本。
3. 交通運輸：優化理論用于交通流管理、路線規劃、物流配送和車輛排程，以減少擁堵和運輸成本。
4. 金融投資：在金融領域，優化理論用于資産組合管理、風險評估、期權定價和交易政策優化。
5. 能源管理：在電力系統、石油和天然氣行業，優化理論用于能源生産和配置設定的優化，以及可再生能源系統的內建。
6. 醫療健康：在醫療領域，優化理論用于病人排程、資源配置設定、治療計劃和藥物劑量優化。
7. 環境管理：在環境保護和可持續發展領域，優化理論用于污染控制、廢物管理和生态系統保護。
8. 資訊技術：在計算機科學和資訊技術領域，優化理論用于算法設計、網絡優化、資料存儲和處理。
9. 市場營銷：在市場研究中，優化理論用于廣告投放、産品定價和銷售政策優化。
10. 公共政策：在政府決策中，優化理論用于預算配置設定、政策制定和社會福利最大化。
The article mentions optimization theory. What are the applications of optimization theory in real life?
1. Engineering design: In the fields of architecture, machinery, electronics, and aerospace, engineers use optimization theory to design optimal structures, circuits, systems, and processes.
2. Production management: In manufacturing, optimization theory is used for production scheduling, inventory control, supply chain management, and quotas to improve efficiency and reduce costs.
3. Transportation: Optimization theory is used in traffic flow management, route planning, logistics distribution, and vehicle scheduling to reduce congestion and transportation costs.
4. Financial investment: In finance, optimization theory is used in portfolio management, threat and risk assessment, option pricing, and trading strategy optimization.
5. Energy management: In the power system, oil and gas industries, optimization theory is applied to the optimization of energy production and distribution, as well as the integration of renewable energy systems.
6. Healthcare: In the medical field, optimization theory is used for patient scheduling, quotas, treatment planning, and drug dose optimization.
7. Environmental management: In the field of environmental protection and sustainable development, optimization theory is applied to pollution control, waste management, and ecosystem protection.
8. Information technology: In the fields of computer science and information technology, optimization theory is used in algorithm design, network optimization, data storage, and processing.
9. Marketing: In market research, optimization theory is used to optimize advertising placement, product pricing, and sales strategies.
10. Public policy: In government decision-making, optimization theory is used for budget allocation, policy making, and maximizing social welfare.
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參考資料：火山AI翻譯，知乎，百度
參考文獻：聞卉. 不同主體主導下生鮮農産品供應鍊的利潤最大化政策研究 [D]. 武漢：華中農業大學, 2020.
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