samba伺服器架設
特點：支援跨平台的檔案共享
增加了一些通路控制，權限
samba-client.i386
samba-common.i386
samba.i386
配置目錄： /etc/samba
配置檔案： smb.conf
[global]
workgroup = mygroup
server string = samba server version %v
# logs split per machine
# max 50kb per log file, then rotate
security = user <-- share,server,ads,domain
passdb backend = tdbsam
# the login script name depends on the machine name
# the login script name depends on the unix user used
# disables profiles support by specifing an empty path
load printers = yes
cups options = raw
#obtain list of printers automatically on systemv
[homes]
comment = home directories
browseable = no <--匿名掃描或者别的帳号掃描是不能看到該資源
writable = yes <--可寫
[printers]
comment = all printers
path = /var/spool/samba
browseable = no
guest ok = no
writable = no
printable = yes
一、安裝
[root@www ~]# yum install samba* -y
loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
this system is not registered with rhn.
rhn support will be disabled.
setting up install process
parsing package install arguments
resolving dependencies
--> running transaction check
---> package samba-client.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5 set to be updated
---> package samba-common.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5 set to be updated
---> package samba-swat.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5 set to be updated
---> package samba.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5 set to be updated
--> processing dependency: perl(convert::asn1) for package: samba
---> package perl-convert-asn1.noarch 0:0.20-1.1 set to be updated
--> finished dependency resolution
dependencies resolved
================================================================================
package arch version repository size
installing:
samba i386 3.0.33-3.14.el5 rhel-debuginfo 16 m
samba-swat i386 3.0.33-3.14.el5 rhel-debuginfo 8.2 m
updating:
samba-client i386 3.0.33-3.14.el5 rhel-debuginfo 5.7 m
samba-common i386 3.0.33-3.14.el5 rhel-debuginfo 8.7 m
installing for dependencies:
perl-convert-asn1 noarch 0.20-1.1 rhel-debuginfo 41 k
transaction summary
install 3 package(s)
update 2 package(s)
remove 0 package(s)
total download size: 39 m
downloading packages:
(1/5): perl-convert-asn1-0.20-1.1.noarch.rpm | 41 kb 00:00
(2/5): samba-client-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm | 5.7 mb 00:01
(3/5): samba-swat-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm | 8.2 mb 00:01
(4/5): samba-common-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm | 8.7 mb 00:02
(5/5): samba-3.0.33-3.14.el5.i386.rpm | 16 mb 00:03
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
total 3.8 mb/s | 39 mb 00:10
running rpm_check_debug
running transaction test
finished transaction test
transaction test succeeded
running transaction
updating : samba-common [1/7]
updating : samba-client [2/7]
installing : perl-convert-asn1 [3/7]
installing : samba [4/7]
installing : samba-swat [5/7]
cleanup : samba-client [6/7]
cleanup : samba-common [7/7]
installed: samba.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5 samba-swat.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5
dependency installed: perl-convert-asn1.noarch 0:0.20-1.1
updated: samba-client.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5 samba-common.i386 0:3.0.33-3.14.el5
complete!
you have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
二、配置共享檔案
samba伺服器使用的帳号的是系統必須存在的帳号，但帳号的密碼是samba獨立
[root@www ~]# useradd wych
[root@www ~]# passwd wych
changing password for user wych.
new unix password:
bad password: it is way too short
retype new unix password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@www ~]# servce smb restart
-bash: servce: command not found
[root@www ~]# service smb restart
shutting down smb services: [failed]
shutting down nmb services: [failed]
starting smb services: [ ok ]
starting nmb services: [ ok ]
[root@www ~]# smbpasswd wych
new smb password:
retype new smb password:
failed to find entry for user wych.
failed to modify password entry for user wych
例子1：
[root@squid conf]# smbpasswd -a tom
added user tom.
[root@squid conf]# smbpasswd -a bean
added user bean.
service smb restart
匿名掃描
smbclient -l //10.1.1.21
使用某個帳号列出資源
# smbclient -l //10.1.1.21 -u tom
通路資源
smbclient //10.1.1.21/bean -u bean
例子2:增加自定義共享
[uplooking]
comment = just for test
path = /www
browseable = yes
# smbclient //10.1.1.21/uplooking
password:
anonymous login successful
domain=[mygroup] os=[unix] server=[samba 3.0.33-3.7.el5]
tree connect failed: nt_status_access_denied
# smbclient //10.1.1.21/uplooking -u tom
在user模式下，把資源讓匿名可以通路，資源可寫
public = yes 《－－ guest ok =yes
read only = no <--- writeable = yes
在windows下通路的格式
//10.1.1.21/uplooking
關閉已經建立好的資源通路
net use * /del /y
在user模式下，就算是通路匿名資源也必須提供帳号，是以說，不能通路
更改成share模式之後：
security = share
例子3：關于可寫資源檔案的權限問題
使用兩個獨立帳号分别上傳檔案，發現可以互相删除，原因：隻要擁有者對檔案有寫的權限，其他帳号就可以對它進行删除。
怎麼去解決？讓别人不能随便删除其他的檔案。
對資源目錄設定stick bit
chmod o+t /www
第2種辦法：
讓檔案上傳之後，自動去掉擁有者寫權限
create mask = 0444 <--對于這樣的權限，擁有者也不能删除自己的檔案
directory mask = 0755
例子4: 通路控制，必須把級别改成user
控制資源參數
write list = tom <--如果存在read only = no 那麼write list失效
valid users = tom,bean <--- invalid users =
控制通路來源
hosts deny = 10.1.1.
hosts allow = 10.1.1.20 《－－隻允許10.1.1.20通路，别的都拒絕
總結：當deny和allow重疊的時候，allow說了算。
實作拒絕所有人通路，但是10.1.1.0/24可以通路,但是10.1.1.20不允通路
hosts deny = all
hosts allow = 10.1.1. except 10.1.1.20
如果使用域名來實作，那麼必須dns支援正向和方向解析
hosts allow = .upl.com
例子5： 在user模式下，實作tom可以上傳下載下傳，bean隻能下載下傳，其他使用者不能登入，拒絕匿名通路。
valid users = tom,bean
guest ok = no
write list = tom
read list = bean <---可選
![smb共享檔案夾，電視通路電腦上的檔案夾[圖]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)