The manipulator can imitate certain movement functions of the human hand and arm, and is used to grasp and handle objects or automatic operating tools according to a fixed procedure. Manipulator is the earliest emergence of industrial robots, but also the earliest emergence of modern robots, it can replace the heavy labor of people to achieve mechanization and automation of production, can operate in harmful environments to protect personal safety, so it is widely used in machinery manufacturing, metallurgy, electronics, light industry and atomic energy and other departments.
The type of manipulator can be divided into hydraulic, pneumatic, electric and mechanical manipulators according to the driving mode; according to the scope of application, it can be divided into two kinds of special manipulators and general manipulators; according to the motion trajectory control mode, it can be divided into point control and continuous trajectory control manipulators.
Manipulators are usually used as additional devices for machine tools or other machines, such as loading and unloading and transferring workpieces on automatic machine tools or automatic production lines, changing tools in machining centers, etc., and generally do not have independent control devices. Some operating devices need to be directly operated by a person, such as the master-slave operator used in the atomic energy department to handle dangerous goods, which is often called a manipulator. The application of manipulators in the forging industry can further develop the production capacity of forging equipment and improve the working conditions such as heat and tiredness.
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