Welcome to Shiyuan History Column No. 2398. At the Lushan Conference in 1959, General Manager Peng's "Book of Ten Thousand Words" opposed the Great Leap Forward, the People's Commune, and other movements, and put forward many reasonable ideas of his own for economic construction, but they were misunderstood, followed by severe criticism and a turning point in the military and political career of the old marshal. Mr. Peng submitted the letter on July 14, 1959, and before July 23, he had not yet been formally criticized, and the central government did not characterize the letter, but only triggered it in the form of an "opinion letter" for everyone to discuss freely. Two marshals basically agreed with and even supported Mr. Peng's views. Who are they?
Although Peng Zong's letter is called the Book of Ten Thousand Words, the full text is actually less than 4,000 words. On the one hand, because there are more words and more opinions, it is called the "Book of Ten Thousand Words"; in addition, Peng Zong actually wrote a letter of more than 80,000 words in the 1960s to defend himself. At the Lushan Conference in 1959, nie shuai and zhu laozong supported Mr. Peng's correct opinion. Since the red army period, Nie Shuai, Zhu Laozong and Peng Zong have been living together day and night in the ranks of the Central Red Army, and they have a deep trust and understanding of each other, and the comrade-in-arms friendship is also very deep.
At the beginning of the meeting, not all the ten marshals went up the mountain, Nie Shuai and Zhu Lao always saw this letter earlier, and their opinions on the economic situation were relatively unanimous. Before July 23rd, the chairman's attitude was very calm, first let everyone discuss and put forward their opinions, and did not rush to characterize the letter of ten thousand words. Nie Shuai served as acting chief of the general staff after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and later was responsible for military production, so he was very concerned about the output of some important domestic resources, especially steel, which was closely related to the military industry.
In view of the fact that in the Great Leap Forward Movement, only the output is not heavy on quality, and there are many problems in steel production, nie Shuai, in a scientific and responsible attitude, believes that this type of work should be handed over to professional large factories, such as Wuhan Iron and Steel, Baotou Steel and other factories to produce, and does not support the private "small blast furnace", so he is very much in favor of Mr. Peng's proposal. However, Nie Shuai's speech was also very tactful, he did not deny the Great Leap Forward in general, but said that "the vitality of the small blast furnace is still there", which is to leave room for relevant departments and fields, which shows its work level.
Mr. Zhu affirmed Mr. Peng's opinion from a macroscopic point of view, and at this time the boss did not even mention the fierce wording of the letter. Mr. Peng put forward his own views on the calculation of economic indicators, and Mr. Zhu also paid great attention to the planning of work, believing that only by establishing reasonable indicators and accounting methods could we be more realistic. The trend of exaggeration is becoming more and more serious, and it is not possible to rely on unrealistic indicators to enable the people to live a good life. For the proposal in Mr. Peng's letter, Mr. Zhu felt empathy and expressed his support more clearly. In the early military career, this was also very suitable for the way the chief and deputy commanders-in-chief of our army handled problems, and the Lushan Conference was no exception.
It is worth mentioning that the views and opinions of the two marshals were made before the Central Committee began to formally criticize Mr. Peng on July 23. After this, because of the change in the situation, few people dared to speak for Mr. Peng from the perspective of economic construction and the starting point of the letter. Despite this, Nie Shuai and Mr. Zhu did not criticize Mr. Peng in the real sense at the subsequent meeting, and some of Mr. Zhu's speeches were even criticized as "scratching the itch in the boots." Zhu and Nie undoubtedly hoped that Peng Zong would be able to pass the pass as soon as possible and defuse this crisis. During the Lushan Conference, there were only three marshals who personally visited Peng Zong's Finnish villa, including Nie Shuai and Peng Shuai, and the other was Ye Shuai, which showed that several marshals cared about Peng.
Operated by Chinese writers of modern and contemporary Chinese history, the "History Column" focuses on the study of party history, military history and war history, and restores the whole historical situation for you from a professional perspective and brings wonderful historical details. Welcome to follow
@ShiYuan History Column