Once upon a time, a man walked through the orange street lamp and came to the late-night canteen - "Yo ~ boss, a plate of spicy crayfish!" "Holding the red crayfish in both hands, gently separating the shrimp head from the body, eating a bite of shrimp meat, sucking a bite of shrimp yellow, and then taking a bite of shrimp meat... Ah ~ the author is hungry!
The delicious meat of the crayfish warms the stomachs of the majority of foodies.
The whole crayfish multi-figure warning, hungry people look carefully | awei
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > factional battles about shrimp heads </h1>
However, unconsciously, the foodies split into two factions... Some people say that the yellow thing in the shrimp head is the soul of the crayfish! It's the essence! But some people scoffed at this head.
Shrimp head pie: The yellow and yellow things in the shrimp head taste like crab yellow, and it is too wasteful not to eat!
Shrimp Body Pie: Shrimp ball is justice! The shrimp head is full of dirty things, so don't eat it
Who are the two factions?
Can you eat while saying | awei
Let's get a preliminary look at the delicious crayfish in the world
The crayfish we eat actually have an official name: Procambarus clarkia, which is native to the southeastern United States, so it is also called American crawfish. Its native land is near the Gulf of Mexico, especially in the mouth of the Mississippi River, so it is also called Louisiana Crawfish. It is the most edible freshwater lobster species, accounting for 70-80% of the total freshwater lobster production.
Don't look at its small size, it is a fast-breeding, fierce temperament, and super adaptable species! Nowadays, crayfish have been promoted and farmed in more than a dozen provinces and cities such as Hubei and Anhui.
Some people say that crayfish live in stinky gutters? Pull it down, the crayfish you eat are all farmed.
The crayfish are small but well-equipped. The shrimp body you eat is actually just its tail. And its brain, heart, gonads, digestive glands, stomach and antennae glands and other miscellaneous organs, are concentrated in the head. As for the shrimp yellow worshipped by the "shrimp head pie", it is actually the digestive glands of the crayfish, that is, the liver and pancreas of the shrimp.
图｜the fiddler crab resource
In fact, "shrimp yellow" is rich in unsaturated fatty acids (DHA, EPA, etc.) protein, trace elements selenium, and various vitamins. Well, that still sounds great, right? Unfortunately, reality is always harsh, and you have overlooked an important issue -
Heavy metal contamination.
Crayfish are indeed very adaptable to the environment and are able to survive in heavily polluted areas. In the case of pollution in water bodies, fish, shrimp, crabs and other aquatic products living in them will indeed enrich pollutants, the most typical of which include methylmercury, cadmium, polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins. The ability of crayfish to enrich heavy metals is also higher than that of grass carp and crucian carp.
Where do these heavy metals and contaminants go? Most of them are transferred to the shell, and as they continue to grow and dehull, these heavy metal toxins are removed from the body; the other part is concentrated in the gills and internal organs, and the gills and internal organs are mainly in the head...
Shrimp body pie can not worry, the tail meat does not have too much heavy metal, causing heavy metal poisoning is unlikely. But shrimp heads...
It was as if I had heard the heartbreaking sound of "Shrimp Head Pie".
Seeing this, I am afraid that some foodies will be shocked: I have eaten a summer of crayfish heads, will I be okay?
Don't panic. Consumers eat crayfish mainly in the summer, and the short-term consumption may be relatively large, but the average intake throughout the year is still small. As long as you don't eat every day, eat every meal, and eat all year round, then the part that has already been belly does not need to be panicked, and you can pay attention to it in the future. Considering that the enrichment of farmed shrimp and crabs is relatively mild, adults generally do not have to worry. However, for children, pregnant women, and the weak, it is better to eat less shrimp heads.
Picture | small bath towel
In addition, here is a reminder to the majority of foodies, in order to enjoy the crayfish safely, we must pick a better water quality environment to breed. (Important thing to repeat three times: Don't eat wild crayfish!) Don't eat wild crayfish! Don't eat wild crayfish! The shrimp shells are washed before cooking. It must be completely cooked at a temperature above 100 degrees to kill the parasites in the shrimp.
And the shrimp head, try to eliminate it and don't eat it.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="27" > shrimp red is not much </h1>
As the saying goes, "shrimp red is not much", crayfish this addictive food naturally circulates a lot of true and false statements, here by the way to dispel rumors for everyone.
Did China have crayfish before?
In fact, there are four kinds of original and authentic crayfish in China, which are northeast black crayfish, Nanjing black crayfish, Shi's crayfish and Korean black crayfish. In addition, there are two kinds of "foreign monks", the original Crawfish of the United States and the red crayfish native to Oceania, but the protocrayfish of Klesi has a higher skill, blooming everywhere in the land of China, becoming the most famous crayfish.
Delicious crayfish are actually invasive species, this shrimp is fierce, fast reproduction, strong environmental adaptability, and also poses a threat to "indigenous peoples".
Japan doesn't eat crayfish? Don't foreigners eat it?
Crayfish have been eaten in the United States for hundreds of years, and the trade in crayfish has gradually moved from country markets to large trades, and the current annual global trade volume exceeds 300,000 tons. Crayfish is a very common culinary ingredient in the United States, usually seasoned with potato corn boiled with Cajun powder. 98% of the crayfish used for food in the United States are produced in Louisiana, which selected crayfish as the state's representative animal in 1983 and holds the "Crayfish Festival" every year.
Scenes from the Louisiana Crayfish Festival |www.nola.com
After the introduction of crayfish to Japan, it has not been favored by Japanese consumers, after all, it is "bullfrog feed", and Japan has a wealth of aquatic products, in comparison, crayfish meat quality and taste are at a disadvantage.
Foreigners can also look at the export data, in 2011, Hubei Province alone exported more than 8,000 tons of crayfish, and the national export volume was at least tens of thousands of tons. At present, the export of crayfish food is mainly cooked food, such as lobster tail, shrimp, fennel whole limb shrimp, spicy powder shrimp, lobster sauce, mainly sold to Denmark, Sweden, Spain, Britain, France, the United States, Canada, Japan and South Korea and Southeast Asian markets, such as 90% of the crayfish in the European market from China.
Crayfish live in sewage and eat garbage?
Crayfish is an omnivore, the main food is the organic matter of the bottom of the water, aquatic weeds, algae, aquatic insects, organic detritus are its food, of course, it also eats small fish, shrimp, shellfish and other living creatures, and even when there is not enough to eat, it cannibalizes. It is precisely because of its miscellaneous food habits that it has a strong vitality and can survive in polluted water bodies. But the crayfish in restaurants are basically farmed, for example, the ones in Beijing's Guijie Street are basically from Xuyi's farms. In the breeding environment, animal and plant feeds, such as wheat bran, soybean cake, aquatic insect larvae, etc., should be fed according to the needs of growth.
Crayfish can tolerate polluted water, but they don't like that environment. Some scholars have done special experiments and found that crayfish are more inclined to choose fresh food and prefer clean water sources, so living in sewage is simply forced to be helpless. Moreover, crayfish have limited tolerance for the environment. If the water quality is poor, the crayfish not only have difficulty reproducing, but also grow poorly and are slow to dehull. Under the breeding conditions, the density of crayfish is relatively large, if the water is very dirty, their vitality will be significantly reduced, a hot day, shrimp will die in large numbers, and can not withstand long-distance transportation, so farmers will also pay attention to water quality maintenance.
Pictured| Ansheng
Crayfish carry lung flukes, which is easy to cause "rhabdomyolysis"?
There was once an incident in Nanjing where many people were hospitalized for "rhabdomyolysis", and epidemiologists analyzed the patient's dining history and highly suspected that crayfish were the culprits of this incident. However, experts conducted a variety of tests and analyses on the collected samples, including pathogenic bacteria, heavy metals, pesticide residues, antibiotic residues, hormones, parasites, algal toxins, etc., and found no abnormalities, nor did they find substances that could cause rhabdomyolysis, and finally this event was characterized as "Huff disease". Huff's disease is a type of unexplained rhabdomyolysis, which occurs occasionally in countries around the world, generally within 24 hours of eating aquatic products, in addition to which there is no obvious law. In addition to eating crayfish, there have been similar cases of eating marine fish and freshwater fish.
There is also a saying on the Internet that "washing shrimp powder" causes rhabdomyolysis. In fact, the main component of washed shrimp powder is oxalic acid, which does not have the possibility of causing rhabdomyolysis from the mechanism. Although it is indeed more acidic, but because it is water-soluble, after washing and after a lot of processing procedures, it is impossible to have a high concentration on shrimp. Many of the vegetables we usually eat are also rich in oxalic acid, such as spinach.
Of course, crayfish may indeed carry parasites, but this is not its patent, other aquatic organisms can also carry, such as frogs, snails, shellfish, fish, diamond horns and so on. The key to preventing parasitic diseases is to cook them thoroughly (it is safer to cook them at 100 degrees for more than 10 minutes), especially not to eat raw or half-cooked crayfish.
Is the blue color of crayfish caused by heavy metal contamination?
The color on the shrimp shell is mainly formed by the carapace blue protein and astaxanthin in the carapace, according to the content and degree of binding, it can show red, orange red, blue, blue, blue, white, black and other colors, such as Australian lobster is mainly blue. The most likely occurrence of blue crayfish on the Web is a genetic variant of individual crayfish, which is not unusual and unrelated to heavy metal pollution.
After eating| Li Xiaokui
Having said all that, what do crayfish have to do to be delicious? Steamed shrimp, braised shrimp in oil, lobster noodles, durian cheese baked shrimp balls, can you do these at home?
Friends who don't like to eat spicy, you can try steamed crayfish | Lottepanda rice
bibliography
[1]ps://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/factsheet.aspx?SpeciesID=217
[2] Morphological anatomy of crustacean experiments performed by protocephalus protocellii replacing shrimp[J].Journal of Yangtze River Normal University,1998,0(4)
[3] There are safety hazards in eating freshwater crayfish[J].Food Safety Guide,2014,(1)
[4] Enrichment characteristics of three heavy metals in Protocrayfish ceratophylla[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(9)
Comprehensive utilization of crayfish processing waste[J].Scientific Fish Farming,2007,(6)
Author: Wow Ka La, Chef Zhong in the jianghu
Edit: Black Jio Sister
An AI
In fact, in addition to the "shrimp head pie" and "shrimp body pie", there is also "what original crayfish and yellow?" "Pie. Come and stand in line.
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