Original poem: On December 15 of the Pengzi solar calendar, he boarded the car in front of the Qinzheng Hall in Beiping Zhongnanhai Park and took a flight to Nanyuan and sent it to relatives and friends
The three times the old man was chaotic, and Cai Wei was still in tears.
Sentient beings turn their truth upside down, and their lives are maintained and they turn to doubt.
Go to the eye pool platform into a permanent trick, the soul of the alley strange memories at that time.
The dream of Beiguiyi was short, and it was even more sad to be so hurried.
(December 1948.) ）
Historical Background:
In the cold of Beijing in the winter of 1947, Chen Yinke endured the pain of selling some books to Peking University and bought coal to go home to survive the cold winter. In November 1948, the situation in Pingjin became tighter, and Zhu Jiahua, Fu Sinian, Chiang Ching-kuo, and others consulted and planned and approved the implementation of the "rescue scholars" plan for rescuing well-known figures in the academic and educational circles in the Pingjin area, and Chen Yinke was among them; on December 13, the family entered Beiping City from TsinghuaYuan to avoid artillery fire; on the evening of the 14th, they had long talks with Zheng Tianting and Deng Guangming, and almost did not sleep; on the 15th, the family took a car to Nanyuan and flew to Nanjing; on the 16th, they went from Nanjing to Shanghai.
On November 23, 1948, the main force of the Northeast Field Army secretly marched toward the Pingjin area; on the 25th, the North China Military Region marched east from the Jining area; on the 29th, the 3rd Corps of the North China Military Region first attacked the Kuomintang troops on the outskirts of Zhangjiakou; on December 2, the 2nd Corps of the North China Military Region cut off the connection between Huailai and Xuanhua; on the 5th, the advance corps of the Northeast Field Army continued to advance south after conquering Beiping Miyun, and on the 8th, it surrounded Zhangjiakou. (On the 15th, the Northeast Field Army surrounded Peiping from the north and southwest; on the 17th, it captured Nanyuan Airfield.) ）
Appreciation:
In the sentence "Linlao's three-time value is chaotic", "Linlao" refers to what Cantonese calls "when it comes to old age". The first refers to the Japanese occupation of Beijing after the "Lugou Bridge Incident" in 1937, the southward migration of Peking University, Tsinghua University and other institutions of higher learning, Chen Yinke's wife and daughter, going down to Tianjin, Ben Qingdao, to Jinan, turning to Zhengzhou, passing through Changsha, circumnavigating Guilin, crossing Wuzhou, arriving in Hong Kong, all the way up and down, full of the pain of fleeing; the second time was the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong after the outbreak of the Pacific War. From May 5 to June 1942, with the help of Zhu Jiahua, the family took the whole family from Hong Kong via Guangzhou Bay to Guilin, moved from the hostel to Liangfeng Yanshan on July 5, moved from Guilin to Chongqing from August to November 1943, and took a car along the Sichuan-Chongqing Highway to Chengdu in December 1943, teaching at Yenching University; the third time was this time (December 15, 1948). The literal translation of the whole sentence is that when I was old, I experienced three wars and displacements.
The sentence "Cai Wei's tears are still weeping" comes from Yu Xin's "Wai Jiang Nan Fu": "Shen Baoxu's dundi, shattered to the head; Cai Wei's tears are exhausted, plus blood". Here, borrowing the allusion that Cai Wei cried bitterly and wept at the time of the death of the Principality of Cai Wei, followed by blood, the poetry of Yu Xin was used to mourn the political situation and personal situation at that time. The literal translation of the whole sentence is too shallow, and it can only be translated as a good one.
In the sentence "Sentient beings are upside down and sincerely speaking", "sentient beings are upside down" is mostly Buddhist terms, referring to the fact that the hearts of sentient beings are upside down and they cannot see the true state of the Ten Thousand Laws, which here refers to the changing situation of the times and the unstable life of the people. The full sentence refers to the tragic fate of the people in the war, and also refers to the "transmutation" of the situation in Tsinghua Garden, which makes people do not know how to tell it.
The phrase "residual life" in the sentence "residual life" is originally the "fate" of ancient yin and yang, and it is more appropriate to interpret it as the remaining life here. "Maintain" is interpreted as a continuation of existence. "Self-doubt" refers to self-doubt. The literal translation of the whole sentence is to continue to maintain the remaining life, but toss around is self-doubting.
The "go to the eye pool" in the sentence "go to the eye pond platform into the yong trick" literally translates to see when leaving, and the accurate is to take a final look. "Chitai" originally refers to the Chiyuan Loutai, which refers to the ancient city of Beiping or Tsinghua Garden. The whole sentence refers to the last glance at the familiar living environment, which is a farewell from then on, indicating that the author may be difficult to return to the mood of the ancient capital of Beiping.
The phrase "soul destroyer" in the sentence "Soul Destroyer Lane Strange Memories" refers to the soul leaving the body, which is used to describe people's extreme excitement, joy or extreme sadness and sorrow. "Lane Mo" is the common name of the street. This sentence can be interpreted as those streets and alleys that lead the soul can remember the years and figures of their own travels, and can also be interpreted as their future memories of those streets and alleys that leave their souls, which may be explained here as the second kind of poetry that is more in line with the author's poetry.
The sentence "Beiguiyi Dream Original Knowledge Short" refers to the fact that he returned to Beiping in October 1946 to teach at Tsinghua University and left for too short a time. This verse is also written on March 19, 1948 in "Tsinghua Garden Yulu Hand Plant begonias": "The north returns silently to whom Chen, a corner of the garden alone god ... Today, although the branches are good and close to the spring," he had a precise answer that he felt that he wanted to cross the south for the second time. The whole sentence can be translated literally, that is, the life of returning to Peking Qinghua Garden was so short as in a dream.
The sentence "So hurried and more pathetic" combines the poetic context of the first seven sentences, combined with his own journey of fleeing from the south to the north, and the literal translation is even more tragic to leave in a hurry like this.
This poem is a follow-up to the author's poem "Mengzi South Lake" composed by Mengzi in Yunnan in June 1938, and it has a wonderful effect of complementing each other. The whole poem takes the National Government's "rescue of scholars" operation in November 1948 as the background, combines his own escape process of returning from the south to the north, and takes the whole family to Nanyuan by car to Nanjing on December 15 as the main line, borrowing the allusions of "Cai Wei's tears" and "all beings are upside down", expressing his wandering life of leaving Peking Qinghua Garden, showing infinite compassion for the displacement of the broad masses of people in the war.
Chen Yinke's lifelong ideological spirit "three steps" are "the most literati are not free", "true believers are not free in the world", and "beheading poetry in late life". His life trajectory is "South Ferry" and "North Return", twice in his life "South Ferry", but only once "North Return", this time South Ferry has become the last vein of the author's life trajectory, fulfilling the proverb in "Mengzi South Lake" that "South Ferry should think about the past, and North Return end is afraid of the next life". Inspired by this, Yue Nan wrote a trilogy of epic masterpieces that depicted the drastic changes in the fate of the last group of masters in China in the 20th century, "Southern Crossing and Northern Return".
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