Do you know your ears?
Hearing protection is different for different ages
Today, it is the 23rd National Ear Day. This year's theme is "Caring for Hearing Health, Listening to the Bright Future". From newborns to elderly people, hearing care runs through our lives. For people of different ages, the matters that need to be paid attention to for hearing protection are slightly different ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
Newborns and infancy
Hearing screening is done on time after birth. The first hearing screening, also called the first screening, is carried out about 3 days after the baby is born, if the initial screening passes, the child health examination is routinely carried out, and the child's response to the voice and speech development can be paid attention to.
If the first hearing screening report is "failed", parents need to pay great attention to it and re-screen on time. Re-screening is carried out at 42 days, 3 months and 6 months after birth, and at 6 months, it is necessary to confirm whether the child has hearing problems, at this time, in addition to hearing examination, imaging and other examinations are also required, and at the same time, intervention is initiated for auditory rehabilitation.
Early childhood (1-3 years old)
Babies during this period are prone to cerumen embolism, eczema of the external auditory canal, otitis externa, and acute otitis media. Parents need to keep the baby's external auditory canal clean and dry, dry it with a cotton swab in time after washing and bathing, and do not over-clean the external auditory canal. And the child's cold in this period must be paid attention to, because the most common complication after a cold is otitis media, in addition to timely treatment of colds, we must also pay attention to whether the child's ears are uncomfortable.
Preschool to school age
(3 years old to before puberty)
Secretory otitis media due to acute otitis media and adenoid hypertrophy is a common occurrence at this age. Children often can not find and describe hearing loss in time, parents find that children have a sluggish response to sound, when watching TV, the volume is too large, the class attention is not concentrated, etc., should take into account the hearing problem and identify it, if necessary, go to the hospital for treatment.
In response to such ear problems, we specially interviewed the entolaryngologists of the city's hospitals to hear what they have to say.
Ma Ge, deputy chief physician of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of Xi'an Daxing Hospital:
Common problems in children's ears can be roughly divided into four situations: secretory otitis media, cerumen embolism, otitis externally, and perforation of the eardrum. Secretory otitis media, the vast majority of them are caused by colds; cerumen embolism, cerumen commonly known as "ear feces", if the ear feces are particularly leading to ear canal blockage, need to clean up the ear canal blockage in time; external otitis is many in children swimming or moving a lot of sweating after digging the ears, resulting in ear canal inflammation, so try not to use some sharp items to dig the ears, easy to cause damage to the skin of the ear canal, so that moisture, bacteria are more likely to enter the ear to cause infection; eardrum perforation in adolescents due to mechanical trauma caused by many cases, For example, children often have their eardrums perforated because of playful play, wrestling, or hard objects pulling out their ears. In addition, colds often cause otitis media, if not treated in time, inflammation will also lead to perforation of the eardrum when it is aggravated, and when suspicious symptoms of perforation of the eardrum are found, it is necessary to seek medical treatment in time, otherwise the best treatment time is delayed.
Zhou Liping, attending physician of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Second People's Hospital of Shaanxi Province:
Divided by age group, children aged 5-12 years are more likely to suffer from secretory otitis media. There is a smoke bone tube where the ear and nose communicate, and if the smoke bone tube is blocked, secretory otitis media will occur. For example, when watching TV usually, the child turns on the sound of the TV relatively large or feels that the ear is a little blocked, there may be secretory otitis media. Parents usually communicate with the child to pay attention to the child's hearing reflection, if there is a positive call for the child to hear, but the back needs to scream a few times to hear, you should pay attention to whether the child has ear problems, first see if there is no ear feces in the ear, while avoiding the child's life in too noisy environment. Children aged 12-18 are prone to tinnitus, ear itching, ear pain, and should pay attention not to wear headphones for a long time and not to often pluck their ears.
LISTEN
How does the "Headphone Party" protect hearing?
Now headphones have become a necessity for some people. As everyone knows, improper use of headphones can also pose a potential threat to our ears. To protect the health of the ears and hearing, the "headphone party" needs to pay attention to related issues.
Using headphones at high volume for long periods of time can hurt your ears
The structure of the ear is precise and the function is complex, and it will cause different degrees of hearing loss due to noise, disease, trauma, etc.
According to statistics, with the widespread use of electronic devices such as smartphones and computers, about half of the people who listen to music through personal audio devices use a volume that is at risk of hearing loss.
According to experts from the Institute of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control of the Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, prolonged exposure to loud sounds will cause fatigue to the sensory cells of the ear and temporary hearing loss. When exposed to regular or prolonged high volume, permanent damage can occur to sensory cells and other ear structures, leading to irreversible hearing loss.
Gong Shusheng, chief physician of Beijing Friendship Hospital, said that people will wear headphones when listening to music, online lessons, watching TV, playing games and even doing sports, but wearing headphones for a long time will make some people have tinnitus, earache, ear congestion, and even some have hearing loss problems. To protect your hearing, pay attention to these details.
"60-60-60 Principle"
The volume of the headphones must be less than 60 decibels, the volume of the headphones must be less than 60% of the maximum volume, and the continuous use of the headphones must be less than 60 minutes.
Gong Shusheng suggested that the time of each time the headset is worn should be controlled at 30-40 minutes, the time to wear the headset every day should not exceed 3 hours, and the minor should not exceed 2 hours to avoid the damage caused to us.
Do not wear headphones in noisy environments
In the bus, subway and other environments, the background noise is large, then if you use headphones, you will unconsciously increase the volume of headphones, but also easy to bring traffic safety hazards.
Gong Shusheng said that in a quiet situation, the damage of headphones to hearing is relatively small, but in the noise environment, the earphones have a greater damage to hearing. Therefore, it is not recommended to wear headphones in noisy environments. If you wear headphones for a long time and have symptoms such as tinnitus and hearing loss, it is not recommended to wear headphones again.
Choice of headphones
Headphones are best selected as earcup type, with little stimulation to the external ear canal and eardrum. The volume of the headphones should be free and flexible, and once the sound is too loud, it can be adjusted in time.
Source: People's Daily The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University