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"White umbrella, white pole, lying board together after eating". This is a casual phrase about poisoning incidents caused by folk eating mushrooms.
There are about 100 kinds of poisonous mushrooms in China, and more than 10 species cause serious poisoning, which are widely distributed. There are annual poisoning incidents in China by eating poisonous mushrooms, some of which are highly toxic and can quickly cause death.
In Zhengzhou, Henan. Mr. Tao's family of three went out to travel, found a lot of white mushrooms on the mountain, white and thick, felt that it was wild food mountain treasure, so they picked it home and wanted to taste it, his old man ate a few bites and felt that the taste was not good, the 4-year-old daughter also felt that the bitter food was not much, and the couple ate a lot.
At 4 a.m., they began to vomit and diarrhea, and the next day the child began to have a fever, and after going to the hospital for examination, it was actually mushroom poisoning. The family of three was in a coma after eating poisonous mushrooms, and their internal organs were damaged, and all were admitted to the ICU.
In addition to liver failure, 4-year-old children also have kidney failure, and liver transplantation may cost 800,000, and more importantly, the child's liver source is not said to come, time will not wait. Three days later, the 4-year-old girl passed away.
At present, the hospital takes conservative treatment, such as liver protection therapy, blood purification, plasma exchange and hemodialysis, to promote the excretion of this toxin. The family ate "deadly white poison umbrella", also known as "deadly Amanita fungus", which is a highly toxic fungus, and after eating, the mortality rate is as high as 95%.
Every year, people who die of poisoning by eating poisonous mushrooms believe that mushrooms that are not "showy" in appearance are not poisonous. However, "not bright mushrooms are not poisonous", this is a lie! Among the mushrooms, the highly poisonous mushrooms are all unsightly.
The following "ugly" mushrooms are extremely poisonous, especially the last one, known as the world's most poisonous mushroom, but very "approachable"!
1. Deadly white poison umbrella
The white umbrella mushroom, which is white overall, often grows in groups or scattered in the shade of Mucuna prurien. In the spring of Guangdong, it grows in March and April when it is humid and warm. Widely distributed in Guangdong, Hebei, Jilin, Jiangsu, Fujian, Anhui, Hunan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Tibet and other places.
Its toxicity damages the liver, kidney, blood vessel lining cells and central nervous system of the human body, contains highly toxicity, and can cause failure and death of various functions in the human body. A white poison umbrella of about 50g contains enough toxins to poison an adult weighing more than 50 kilograms, and the mortality rate is as high as 95%.
2. Helmet umbrella
The striated helmet umbrella, also known as the autumn round hat. This toxic umbrella peptide toxin. High mortality from poisoning. It is often mixed with mushrooms such as golden needles, and pay attention to the difference when eating edible mushrooms such as enoki mushrooms on raw rotting wood. It is distributed in Yunnan, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Tibet and other places in the mainland.
The striated helmet spores are yellow-brown with thin edges on the edges, and its surface seems to be plain, but it is indeed a hallucinogenic fungus, strong toxicity, containing amanita peptide toxoid, its toxicity damages human liver organs, and the mortality rate after poisoning is high.
3. Strip cover helmet sporporum umbrella
Cymbellis, brown, small in body, varying in length. It is distributed in subtropical and tropical mountain forest areas. The mainland was first discovered in Jiangxi. The main toxic component of Amanita spora is Amanita toxin. After poisoning, the onset is slow, and the incubation period is more than 6 hours.
Poisoned people have pinprick-like pain and nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Severe cases die in more than 7-50 hours. In addition, there are abdominal cramps, dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath, local numbness, loss of consciousness and other symptoms. In the thirties of the last century, there were a large number of poisoned people in Java. Poisoning has occurred in Jiangxi in China, and the mortality rate is relatively high.
4. Dog urine moss
Dog urine moss, scientific name semi-ovate spotted mushroom, also known as ghost umbrella. A poisonous mushroom that grows in the corners of smelly walls or dried dung, smoky gray to brown, with an eggshell color or slightly darker on top. The place where this poisonous mushroom grows is said to be the place where dogs often lift their hind legs to pee, hence the name "dog pee moss".
The appearance of dog urine moss is a bit like grass mushrooms and chicken leg mushrooms, its toxins are neurotoxins, and the onset of poisoning is relatively fast, mainly manifested as mental abnormalities, dancing and singing, laughing maniacally, visual hallucinations, and some drowsiness or difficulty speaking.
5. Large green pleated umbrella
Large green pleated umbrella, large in size, white in color. The large open umbrella is twice the size of an adult's palm, and the lid is dotted with sparkly brown protrusions. It grows in forests and on grasslands at the forest edge, and grows in groups or scattered. It is distributed in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Hainan and other places.
The large green pleated umbrella is highly toxic and has a toxicity similar to that of the white poison umbrella. It contains four toxins, gastrointestinal toxins, liver toxins, neurotoxins and hemolysis, which can cause multiple organ failure after consumption, and the mortality rate is quite high. It is also one of the species that causes the most poisonous mushroom poisoning.
6. Poison umbrella
Poisonous umbrella, also known as: Amanita poison, green hat fungus, high handle fungus. The entity is medium in size. The cap has a smooth surface with a grey-brownish-green, soot-brown to dark greenish-gray surface. It grows on the ground in broadleaf forests, solitary or in groups. In Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Hubei, Anhui, Fujian, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other regions.
Poison umbrellas contain highly toxic bacteria, in which the small body is more toxic. Contains two major types of toxins, toxic peptide and poison umbrella peptide. There is an incubation period after poisoning, and the incubation period is about 24 hours. Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea in the early stage of the disease, damage to liver, kidney, heart, lung, brain and other important organs. The mortality rate of poisoning is as high as 50%~100%.
7. Fleshy brown scaly ring-stemmed mushroom
It grows in groups under forests, roadsides, and grass around houses. It is common in cities and is highly toxic. It is distributed in Hebei, Shanxi, Beijing, Ningxia, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang, Anhui, Shanghai, Sichuan and other places. This is extremely toxic, containing toxic peptides and poisonous umbrella peptides.
This mushroom is extremely poisonous, containing highly toxic amanita toxin, containing toxic peptides and poisonous umbrella peptides. Since 1976, a large number of poisonings have occurred in Hebei, Jiangsu, Shanghai and Heilongjiang. At the beginning of the onset, it is a symptom of gastroenteritis, followed by liver and kidney damage, irritability, convulsions, coma, and high mortality.
8. Death cap
Death cap, also known as poisonous amanita, poisonous amanita, dead hat mushroom, etc., is considered the most poisonous mushroom in the world. All over the world, this seemingly mediocre mushroom is the culprit in most deaths from mushroom consumption. If you accidentally ingest about 30 grams or half a cap, it is enough to be fatal.
Symptoms of poisoning have an incubation period, some appear 8 to 12 hours after consumption, symptoms are abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, hypotension, jaundice, convulsions, coma, renal failure, cardiac arrest. Scientists continue to study the toxicity of death caps, but there is still no specific drug to treat.
So, how to tell which mushroom is poisonous and which is not? In fact, the easiest way is to "refuse to pick wild mushrooms!" ”。 With hundreds of mushroom varieties, it is difficult for ordinary people who are not specialists to fully identify. A single negligence in picking wild mushrooms can cause poisoning, and the consequences are unimaginable.
Fresh lion's mane mushroom soup is available for purchase at ¥8.9
Don't buy wild mushrooms picked by some small traders on the roadside, if mixed with a poisonous mushroom, the consequences are self-evident. If you want to eat mushrooms, go to a regular shopping mall or vegetable market, buy mushrooms that you usually eat, and have regular channels, which are safe and secure, and the taste is as delicious.