2, orthodontic ceratophyllaceae Cambaridae is also called crawfish family, most of the species of this family native from the eastern part of the Great Dividing Range in the United States and Mexico, a few found in Canada and several Central American countries, is the largest family of orthogonal crawfish family! There are currently 453 species in 14 genera. Identifying features include males with periodic dimorphic characteristics, 1 or more sockets in the second to fourth thoracic feet, specialized distal first gastropods into complex vas deferens; and females with reservoir vesicles.
17. Identification elements of the family Orthogonalidae, self-compiled
In the big family of the vip, it is undoubtedly the most beautiful cub, and it has its traces on almost all continents - it may be a coincidence, it has become the most common crustacean food, or it may be destined, after all, the vitality is super strong! Let's put it this way, if you list a list of the world's invading crawfish, it ranks second, and no shrimp dares to rank first.
In China, the protocrayfish is generally called crayfish, and the English common name is red swamp crayfish, Louisiana crawfish, mudbug and so on.
18. The speculative propagation trajectory and timeline of the original crayfish on the crab' scale, the figure is changed from WILEY
Where is the strong vitality of protocrayfish?
As long as the pinnate gills in the body are wet, they can live for 6 to 9 days even if they are away from water;
1.3 cm of juvenile shrimp can already dig holes, and adult shrimp can even dig 0 .8m long;
Automatically adjust the copper content in the body, but also can ingest and store a large number of heavy metals;
It can survive in environments with a limit salinity of < 15% and a temperature of 2 to 40 °C.
The data reference is summarized from CABI, WoRMS, WiKi, etc
19. Explore the strong vitality of protocellfish, self-compiled
For the Chinese people, the original crawfish is a common crayfish, there is no need to understand its characteristics, see it; but if one day to the northeast, or to go to a foreign country, so that at home to raise a variety of crawfish, it is necessary to understand.
20. The crayfish of Klein's whose claws are always open and clawed, picture compilation
Compared with various crayfish in the northeast, the color of the crayonite is usually relatively red, however, there are other color variants in the aquarium market, and the immature crater is still dominated by bluish brown, so it cannot be single - to take shrimp by color; it is more meaningful to observe its cray feet, bright red tumor protrusions densely packed on the cephalothorax, and obvious wrist hooks, and the chest distance is almost non-existent.
As for the reproductive limbs, lateral gills, etc., although they are also very important, they are difficult to observe, and they will not be repeated here. areola I translate as chest distance or gill nail, there are domestic papers according to the pinchio-cardiac groove translated as gill heart groove, this distance is also called "between two gill heart grooves".
21. Identification characteristics of protocellum crawfish, self-compiled
In addition to Kristall and Signal, there is another species in the Midwest of the United States recently, commonly known as rusty crayfish, that has soared in popularity – it is a strong invasive species along with Krypton's! Its main features are: a rust-colored patch on each side of the breastplate, a black ring under the tip of the orange claw, the claw finger is usually S-shaped, and when clipped to the palm tip, the gap is almost elliptical; in addition, the frontal horns on both sides of the frontal sword are more pronounced than the bicker's.
The rural light crawfish is translated from the Latin Chinese Dictionary based on the scientific name Faxonius rusticus, because there is no official scientific name for Chinese, and the "Global Invasive Species Database" in Taiwan Province is translated as "Lolos Rusty Crawfish" according to the old scientific name.
22. Identification of rural light crawfish, self-compiled
Generally speaking, the three species of crawfish originating from the United States: Krypton, Signal, and Rust Spot, are basically regarded as invasive species in the world, but just as the same people have different lives, the same shrimp also has different luck! It is "welcomed" explosively in China, and it has been put into the pot before it can be invaded; the signal is nominally an invasive species in Japan, but in fact it is in short supply, and the Japanese feel that its taste is very good, comparable to that of river crabs; as for the rust spots, which have now invaded Japan, perhaps we should also guard against it.
23. Three major invasive crawfish originating from the United States, self-compiled
3. The classification and positioning of Camaroididae of the family Camaroididae has always been controversial, and some consider it to be a genus under the family Orthopedicaceae, and some believe that it is a subfamily under the family Orthogonidae! In 2017, WoRMS promoted it to a family based on genetic and molecular differences, and it has been confirmed that there are a total of 6 species in one genus, of which 3 species can be found in northeast China (but not unique to northeast China), namely: northeast black crawfish (also known as Northeast chinafish), Shi's black claw shrimp (also known as Xulang crab), and Korean black clawfish (also known as Korean cockroach), with common characteristics: male second and three-breasted foot segments with hooks, females do not have sperm reservoir sacs, and the lateral margins of the tail node have single or double spines[7].
24. Four famous crayfish in East Asia, picture adapted from [7]
The other 3 are C. Japonicus, C. koshewnikowi, C. wladiwostokiensis; the latter two are also considered by scholars to be subspecies of the Northeastern cockroach.
koshewnikowi=komsomolsk-on-amur, present-day Komsomolsk, Russia, formerly known as Zhumin in China;
wladiwostokiensis = vladivostok, Vladivostok, Russia, Vladivostok in China.
25. Comparison between Japanese black crayfish and common crayfish, the picture is self-compiled
The nickname dauricus does not mean northeast, but rather the Daurs, which have lived for generations in Dauria[7] – under the jurisdiction of Nebuchu in the Qing Dynasty in ancient times, and now in Transbaikal Krai, Russia, where the Shilka River means the source of the Heilongjiang River, so it is not difficult to find northeastern cockroaches in the Heilongjiang River basin. The northeast clam is the largest of the 6 species of crawfish in the Far East, with a mature body length of 10-13 cm, a variety of body colors, but mainly yellow-brown, with a lateral gill (rib gill) at the end of the thorax, the frontal angle is approximately triangular, the frontal sword ridge is clear, and extends to the frontal horn tip, and the lateral edge of the caudal node has a thorn.
26. Identification characteristics of northeast cockroaches, self-compiled
According to the Latin scientific name, Xu Lang is in honor of the Russian zoologist Peter Leopold von Schrenck, who made important contributions to the biological research of the Heilongjiang River Basin and Sakhalin Island! However, Schrenckii is generally translated as Shi Shi. The edges of the frontal sword are spineless , so the frontal horns resemble lancets , the claws are scattered with a clump of bristles , and the lateral margins of the caudal segments are single thorns.
There is also a different name circulating on the Internet and some foreign literature - Nanjing black crayfish, but its Latin scientific name is the same as Xu Lang, which should be falsely rumored.
27. Identification characteristics of Xulang viper, self-compiled
Similis means similar in Latin, but it is not known exactly what it means in the scientific name; according to the literature,[8] the Korean crab pattern species was found in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. The shape of the cockroach is similar to that of the northeast cockroach, but it is small, the adult body is only 4-6 cm long, and the middle ridge of the frontal sword is either clear or blurred, but it can be observed to extend to the tip of the frontal horn. It is commonly found in the Korean Peninsula and a few in the Liaodong Peninsula.
28, Identification characteristics of Korean cockroaches, self-compiled
Regarding the classification of the family Pterophoridae, although there is currently molecular ordering, it is actually not conclusive, for example, from the geographical distribution, Ichthyosa and orthogonal shrimp belong to the old northern region, and many features are similar, which will inevitably make people wonder! Moreover, these species are also domestic after all, but our understanding of them is far less than that of outsiders, and we do not even have clear photos (some are mostly made of raw and white), which is a pity.
29, Identification characteristics of North Korean cockroaches, self-compiled
4, the general family of crayfish is only a family of crayfish Parastacidae, although there is only one family, there are many members, there are currently 16 genera and 200 species, mainly distributed in Australia (the world's largest and smallest freshwater crawfish are found here), a few can be found in Madagascar, New Zealand, Argentina and so on. In addition to the absence of the first pair of gastropods , the thoracic plates of the family are generally narrow , the keel is prominent , and females do not have seminal vesicles.
31. Identification characteristics of pseudo-crawfish, self-compiled
Many crayfish are aquarium VIPs, such as the vandal crawfish Yabby (Cherax destructor), the woolly marolin crawfish Hairy Marron (Cherax tenuimanus), the slippery horse dragon crawfish Smoke Marron (Cherax cainii), etc., but the following two are more popular and more protective for foodies:
32. Three common ornamental crawfish, pictured from the Western Australian Museum
, Australia commonly known as Redclaw, so also known as red crawfish, the domestic market is generally called Australian freshwater lobster. The body length is about 15cm, and the maximum record is 35cm[1]! The culture weighs 35-130 g and the wild can reach 600 g. Although the name of the red claw, the shrimp is quite rich in color, whether blue or blue or black, and so on. The four ridges in the scientific name refer to the four distinct longitudinal ridges of the cephaloch, two extending backwards from the lateral angle of the frontal sword, two extending backwards from the orbital spines, four almost parallel, and the length of the chest distance ≦ 3 times the width.
33. Identification characteristics of four-ridged slippery crawfish, self-compiled
It is commonly known in Australia as the Tasmanian Giant freshwater Lobster (Tasmanian giant freshwater lobster). Living in the mountain streams of the northern Tasmanian island in Australia, it is the largest crayfish in the world! There were records of weighing 6 kg and exceeding 80 cm long, but in the last century, due to man-made poaching, it became less and less common, and although legislative protection began after 1999, 2 to 3 kg is now rare.[2] It also has the longest lifespan among crawfish – it can live for 60 years.
34. Identification characteristics of four-ridged slippery crawfish, self-compiled
Including wikis, commonly known online as A. Gouldi is the "Tasmanian giant crawfish", but the name is clearly a translation of the colloquialism. Before being upgraded to a genus, there was only one species of giant crawfish: A. franklinii – the species nicknamed in honor of the explorer John Franklin, and the genus name followed the European genus orthogonal crawfish; in 1936, the genus was revised to a genus, the genus name was changed to Astacopsis, and there were 3 species, one of which was gouldi in honor of amateur naturalist Charles Gould.
It is worth mentioning that although the red crayfish is also listed as an invasive species, its economic value may be no less than that of the protocrayfish! In terms of aquatic products, it has these advantages: easy to reproduce (tolerant of high density), fast growth (9 months can be marketed), large (more meat, meat is also delicious), the same kind is not cannibalistic, it also does not like to dig holes, and is not picky eaters, very adaptable. It has been farmed in the country.
35. Add some information, the figure is self-compiled
Some things about crayfish
First of all, the crayfish in the market are basically artificially farmed, and the main production areas are Jiangsu and Hubei. Hubei is mainly based on rice field culture, which is listed from April to July, while pond culture is popular in Jiangsu, and the marketing season is from July to September.
36. The main production area of domestic crayfish
Secondly, today, crayfish is a commodity, not only China, every country has strict food safety standards, there are feasible testing methods, crayfish entering the market, the existence of heavy metals, lung trematodes, coliforms, etc. are also limited! Moreover, even if you buy wild crayfish or poor breeding, as long as you are fully steamed, do not eat or eat less shrimp gills, intestines, stomach and other parts, there is no reason to "win the lottery"!
In fact, the crayfish we eat are no different from any seafood, they also eat a variety of foods and adapt to a variety of environments.
37. Beijing Aquatic Products, January 2001 article
So, those who are stubborn and bigoted... I have to say that eating also eats dead people, really.
And --
In addition to being able to eat crayfish, it is now becoming more and more popular in aquarium markets!
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In many countries, it is also popular to use crayfish as fishing bait and to thread the rope with a frontal sword, thus creating a fresh bait, but this behavior is very likely to cause ecological problems and cause unforeseen consequences for native species. Including those who are raised for ornamentation, once they escape, they are likely to become invasive species.
39. Invasive species of crawfish common in Europe
Scientists will even judge the level of pollution in the area by monitoring the living status of crayfish, such as the European crawfish, which is used as a biological indicator of heavy metal pollution sources in the Ebro River in Spain.
Crayfish are an excellent organism for experimental dissection, and they are many, cheap, and the right size.
40、Tagged crayfish
postscript:
Including fruit shells, cockroach bars and other articles about crayfish, I have read, but the impression is not good, many are open-mouthed, unverified, such as the cockroach bar said that the biggest feature of Shi's pseudo-crawfish is the depression on the crawfish ... I even think that the Nanjing black crawfish is most likely to be marine crawfish, in short, after reading it, I hope I can take it as a warning; the deeper impression is the five-power monogatari "China's native freshwater "crayfish", do you understand? The narrative in this article is more scientific and rigorous.
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CABI
WoRMS
Wikipedia And Yes etc
Western Australian Museum › Lobsters, rock lobsters and crayfish
Dailyportalz: Do you know about crags living in Japan?
Faulkes,Zen Kawai,Tadashi Scholtz,Gerhard.Freshwater Crayfish A Global Overview[J],2016
Keys to Neotropical and Antarctic Fauna[M]Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates,2015
Thorp and Covich’s Freshwater Invertebrates Keys to Palaearctic Fauna, Fourth Edition by Editors James Thorp D. Christopher Rogers Cristina Damborenea
Keith A.Crandall and Sammy De Grave.An updated classification of the freshwater crayfishes of the world, with a complete species list[J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology,2017
https://www.crayfish.ro/astacus.html
Procambarus clarkii – Detailed Guide: Care, Diet, and Breeding
Introduction to the Crayfishes of Georgia
https://crowspath.org/natural-history/crayfish/identification/
How to farm red claw crayfish
etc.