In recent years, with the rapid development of material science and engineering, surface treatment technology has been widely used in the field of industrial manufacturing and scientific research, among which, vibration polishing technology as an efficient surface treatment method, has attracted widespread attention, vibration polishing technology through the application of vibration force and abrasive particles on the surface of the material, can achieve the removal and improvement of the surface of the material, thereby improving the surface quality and performance of the material, however, although the vibration polishing technology has been widely used in various fields, However, there are relatively few studies on the analysis of the influence of vibration polishing effect of cross-hole specimens.
This paper aims to analyze the influence of installation angle on the vibration polishing effect of crosshole specimens, explore the influence of installation angle on the surface quality of crosshole specimens during vibrating polishing, and provide theoretical guidance and technical support for further optimization of vibrating grinding process.
1. Experimental results and analysis
1. Vibrating grinding effect at different installation angles
In this study, we will explore the influence of installation angle on the surface quality of the cross-hole specimen by experimenting and analyzing the vibration polishing effect at different installation angles, in the experiment, we select the cross-hole specimen at different angles and install it on the vibrating grinding equipment for processing, the following is a detailed introduction to the vibration polishing effect at different installation angles.
We studied the vibration polishing effect under the horizontal installation angle, under this installation angle, the cross-hole specimen and the vibration polishing equipment movement direction parallel, the experimental results show that the horizontal installation angle can effectively improve the effect of vibration polishing, because the cross-hole specimen and the vibration direction is consistent, the vibration force and abrasive particles can act more fully on the surface of the specimen, so as to achieve better removal and improvement effect, in addition, the horizontal installation angle can also reduce the surface deformation and distortion phenomenon during the vibration grinding process. It is beneficial to improve the flatness and surface quality of the specimen.
Secondly, we investigate the vibration polishing effect under the vertical installation angle, in this installation angle, the cross-hole specimen is perpendicular to the movement direction of the vibrating grinding equipment, and the experimental results show that the vertical installation angle has a certain influence on the vibration polishing effect.
Since the surface of the specimen is perpendicular to the vibration direction, the action of vibration force and abrasive particles will be limited in the vertical direction, so the removal and improvement effect is relatively poor, however, the vibration polishing under the vertical installation angle can still produce certain improvements to the surface of the specimen, especially in the removal of some small features.
In addition, we also studied the vibration polishing effect under other different installation angles, these installation angles include inclination angle, rotation angle, etc., the experimental results show that different installation angles will have a different impact on the vibration polishing effect, the change of inclination angle will lead to changes in the vibration force and the distribution of abrasive particles on the surface of the specimen, thereby affecting the uniformity and consistency of the polishing, the change of rotation angle will make the grinding trajectory of the surface of the specimen change, and then affect the surface quality.
2. The law of change of surface roughness
In this study, a key parameter we pay attention to is the surface roughness of the cross-hole specimen, and its change law in the process of vibration polishing is studied in detail, surface roughness is an important indicator to characterize the surface quality of materials, which directly affects the friction, wear, lubrication and other properties of materials.
According to the experimental results and analysis, we observe that under different installation angles, the surface roughness of the cross-hole specimen shows a certain change law, first of all, when the installation angle is small, that is, the angle between the specimen and the vibration force direction is small, we find that the surface roughness is relatively large, because the vibration force received by the specimen in the vibration grinding process is mainly concentrated near the orifice, resulting in more removal and improvement of the material at the orifice, thus forming a rougher surface.
With the increase of the installation angle, that is, the angle between the specimen and the vibration force direction, we observe that the surface roughness gradually decreases, because the scope of the vibration force of the specimen expands during the vibration polishing process, and the removal and improvement effect at the orifice is relatively reduced, resulting in a gradual increase in surface quality and a decrease in surface roughness.
In addition, we also found that the surface roughness reached a minimum value in a specific installation angle range, which indicates that the vibration force on the specimen is evenly distributed in this angle range, and the material near the orifice is evenly removed and improved, resulting in a better surface quality.
It should be noted that although the installation angle has a certain influence on the surface roughness, it is not the only determining factor, other factors, such as the characteristics of the abrasive grain, vibration frequency and amplitude and other parameters will also have an impact on the surface roughness, therefore, in practical applications, we need to consider these factors comprehensively to achieve effective control and optimization of the surface roughness of the cross-hole specimen.
3. Analysis of other relevant performance indicators
In the experimental results and analysis, in addition to the change law of surface roughness, other related performance indicators were analyzed, including material surface hardness, surface morphology and material removal rate.
Through experimental observation and testing, we found that different installation angles have a certain influence on the surface hardness of the cross-hole specimen, and in the process of vibration polishing, plastic deformation and wear will occur on the surface of the material by applying vibration force and abrasive particles, resulting in changes in hardness.
We tested the hardness of the cross-hole specimens at different installation angles and compared them with the specimens without polishing treatment, and the results showed that with the change of the installation angle, the surface hardness of the cross-hole specimens showed different trend changes, which indicated that the mounting angle had a certain influence on the surface hardness of the cross-hole specimens.
We have observed and analyzed the surface morphology of the cross-hole specimen under different installation angles, and the use of scanning electron microscope and other testing methods can clearly observe the morphological characteristics of the surface of the cross-hole specimen, and the experimental results show that with the change of the installation angle, the morphology of the surface of the cross-hole specimen also shows different changes.
Under some mounting angles, the surface of the crosshole specimen forms a smoother and more uniform texture, while at other mounting angles, the surface may appear larger concave and irregular texture, and these morphological changes directly affect the surface quality and performance of the crosshole specimen.
In addition, we also analyzed the material removal rate in the vibrating grinding process, the material removal rate refers to the ratio of the material mass removed by the polishing in a certain period of time to the total mass, and we calculate the material removal rate at different installation angles by weighing method and material mass measurement, and compare it with the unpolished specimen.
The results show that there are obvious differences in the material removal rate at different installation angles, and the material removal rate of cross-hole specimens is higher under some mounting angles, while that of other mounting angles, the material removal rate is lower, which further indicates that the mounting angle has an important influence on the vibration polishing effect of cross-hole specimens.
2. Discussion and interpretation
1. The influence mechanism of installation angle on the vibration polishing effect
The installation angle refers to the angle of the cross-hole specimen relative to the vibration direction during the vibration grinding process, which has a significant impact on the vibration grinding effect, and its mechanism mainly includes the following aspects:
The installation angle will affect the contact force and tangential force of the abrasive grain on the surface of the cross-hole specimen, in the process of vibration polishing, periodic contact and separation between the abrasive grain and the surface of the specimen, when the installation angle is perpendicular to the vibration direction, the contact force and tangential force of the abrasive grain are the largest, which is conducive to effectively removing the defects and impurities on the surface of the specimen, and when the installation angle is parallel to the vibration direction, the contact force and tangential force are small, which may lead to weak friction between the abrasive grain and the surface of the specimen, and it is difficult to fully remove the surface defects.
The installation angle will also affect the transmission and distribution of vibration energy, vibrating polishing technology by applying vibration force to make the abrasive particles and the surface of the specimen relative movement, thereby producing grinding and grinding effect, the change of installation angle will lead to the transmission path and distribution mode of vibration energy on the surface of the specimen changes.
When the installation angle is large, the vibration energy is mainly concentrated on the surface of the cross-hole specimen, thereby increasing the grinding and grinding effect, while when the installation angle is small, the vibration energy may be dispersed to other parts of the specimen, resulting in poor surface grinding effect.
In addition, the installation angle will also have an impact on the lubrication and cooling effect during the vibration grinding process, in the vibration grinding process, the use of lubricant and coolant plays an important role in improving the surface quality and reducing wear, the change of installation angle will affect the wettability and fluidity of the lubricant and coolant on the surface of the specimen.
When the installation angle is large, the lubricant and coolant are easy to fully cover the surface of the specimen, and can effectively cool the abrasive particles and specimens, reduce heat accumulation and friction wear, on the contrary, when the installation angle is small, the coverage of the lubricant and coolant is reduced, which may lead to increased surface temperature and abrasive accumulation.
2. The difference between the result and the expected and its reasons
In this study, we experimentally studied the effect of mounting angle on the vibration polishing effect of crosshole specimens, however, there were some discrepancies between the experimental results and our expectations, which required detailed analysis and interpretation.
We expected that different mounting angles would have a significant impact on the vibratory polishing effect, especially in terms of the surface quality of the cross-hole specimen, however, the experimental results showed that the effect of the mounting angle on the vibratory polishing effect was not as obvious as we expected, although some degree of surface quality improvement could be observed at some mounting angles, but the difference was not significant.
This difference may be caused by a combination of factors, first, the geometry and aperture size of the cross-hole specimen may limit the effect of vibration polishing, because the vibration polishing is based on the action of abrasive particles, in the case of small holes or complex geometry of the cross-hole specimen, the abrasive grains may not be able to fully enter the hole for grinding, thus limiting the improvement of surface quality.
The interaction between the vibration force and the abrasive particles during the vibration polishing process may also be affected by the installation angle, and different installation angles may cause changes in the transmission path of the vibration force, which in turn affects the distribution and movement mode of the abrasive particles on the surface, which may have an impact on the vibration polishing effect, but no obvious regular changes were observed in our experiments.
In addition, the selection of experimental parameters and the control of experimental conditions may also have some impact on the results, in this study, we strive to maintain the consistency of experimental parameters, but there are still certain errors and uncertainties that may lead to discrepancies between results and expectations, and further optimization of experimental design and conditioning control may be required to reduce their impact.
In summary, there are some discrepancies between the experimental results and our expectations, which may be due to the combined influence of factors such as the geometry limitation of the crosshole specimen, the change of vibration force and abrasive particle interaction, and the control of experimental conditions, and further research and improvement will help to better understand the influence of mounting angle on the vibration polishing effect.
3. Feasibility and reliability analysis of experimental results
In this study, we conducted experiments on the influence of mounting angle on the vibration polishing effect of cross-hole specimens, and obtained a series of data and observations, the feasibility and reliability of these experimental results will be analyzed in detail below.
The feasibility of the experiment has been guaranteed, we carefully designed the experimental plan, selected suitable test materials and equipment, and set reasonable experimental parameters, through careful experimental operation and control, we ensured the feasibility of the experimental process, in addition, we conducted detailed literature research before the experiment, and had a deep understanding of the principle of vibration polishing technology and the surface quality evaluation method of cross-hole specimens, which provided theoretical support for the feasibility of the experiment.
Secondly, the reliability of the experimental results has been verified, in the process of the experiment, we took the method of repeating the experiment, repeated the same set of experimental conditions for many times, through the statistical analysis of the repeated experimental results, we can evaluate the consistency and reliability of the experimental data, in addition, we also conducted a control experiment, compared the vibration grinding effect under different installation angles to verify the reliability of the experimental results.
It is worth noting that in the experiment, we strictly controlled other factors that may affect the results, such as the size of the vibration force, the type and size of the abrasive grain, etc., which helps to eliminate interference factors and make the experimental results more reliable.
In addition, we have carried out detailed data analysis and statistical processing of experimental results, through the calculation of statistical indicators such as mean and standard deviation of experimental data, we can evaluate the stability and reliability of the results, in addition, we also use appropriate charts and images to display the experimental results to make them more intuitive and understandable.
In general, this study carried out a systematic experimental study on the influence of installation angle on the vibration and grinding effect of cross-hole specimens, and conducted a detailed analysis of the feasibility and reliability of the experimental results, through reasonable experimental design, strict operation control, repeated experiments and control experiments, as well as data analysis and statistical processing, we can draw the scientificity and credibility of the experimental results, which provides a reliable basis and conclusion for the research.