In 2007, Lu Zhiqiang's "Oceanwide Department" had a total market value of 260.9 billion yuan, which was called the "first person in market value" of A shares.
Lu Zhiqiang was a veteran member of the "Taishan Society", and the people who could be named by the business community at that time were All the network resources that Lu Zhiqiang had been operating for a long time.
Two years later, Lu Zhiqiang joined hands with Liu Chuanzhi and spent 2.7 billion yuan to help Lenovo take off the "national character hat" and acquire 29% of Lenovo's equity in the Hands of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In 2014, Wang Jianlin's Wanda Commercial was listed in Xiangjiang, and Wang Jianlin said on the day of the listing: "Wanda was able to go public, and I am most grateful to two people, one of whom is Lu Zhiqiang. ”
Lu Zhiqiang, as long as he can successfully dock the giant ship "Oceanwide", he must be one of the most glorious legends in the business world, but a lawsuit in 2020 has uncovered that the Oceanwide system has been in ruins, and it is necessary to use sky-high funds to plug the leak of "double killing of stocks and debts".
One
Lu Zhiqiang originally had an iron rice bowl, worked as a technician for a few years as a diesel engine captain in Weifang, Shandong Province, and then rose all the way to the position of deputy director of the office, at that time, he was 34 years old, and in a few years he might be able to turn into a proper section chief.
But the arrival of 1984, There were several important enterprises in Beijing, although Lenovo at that time was still a newborn, but the tide of entrepreneurship struck, Lu Zhiqiang could not hold back, despite the opposition of his family, with the goal of being close to Lenovo and Sitong, resigned in 1985 and went to the sea and established Oceanwide.
At first, Lu Zhiqiang did the education and training work, and he knew Something with New Oriental, but in this industry, the ultimate goal could only be to go public, which was far from Lu Zhiqiang's original goal.
But Lu Zhiqiang has worked in the system for several years, exercising the kung fu of "interpretation" with one hand, and judging the future trend from various details of information.
When the real estate industry was just emerging, Lu Zhiqiang seized the opportunity, entered the line of fire, developed several communities, and then became a famous real estate household in Shandong.
Lu Zhiqiang earned his first pot of gold from the real estate industry, and came to Beijing in 1988 to establish the Oceanwide Beijing Branch, and Lu Zhiqiang was also more convenient to access the outside world's information and know the people he wanted to know.
In 1990, the Shenzhen Stock Exchange and the Shanghai Stock Exchange were established, the financial industry began to grow barbarically, Lu Zhiqiang from this small matter, realized that this can provide him with continuous funds, let him to finance, to get land development, to make Oceanwide bigger.
What really made Lu Zhiqiang step into the financial industry was that he became the second largest shareholder of Minsheng Bank in 2000.
Minsheng Bank raised equity from 59 private companies in 1995, Lu Zhiqiang failed to catch up with this wave, in 2000 Minsheng Bank was ready to go public, Lu Zhiqiang through his own means, spent 160 million yuan to get 130 million shares, accounting for 9.42%.
Lu Zhiqiang spent his efforts to get the equity, which has great significance for him, first, this is an investment, he will make a lot of money in the future appreciation, second, this is a transaction, he pledged this equity to the outside world, and used 160 million to leverage more funds to enrich the capital chain of Oceanwide.
The equity of Minsheng Bank, since Lu Zhiqiang got his hands, has been wandering in the outside world for 8 years, and not a day has really returned home.
Therefore, Lu Zhiqiang is a good hand, through various interpretations, he can always catch the ride of the times, which reduces a lot of resistance for the boat breaking the waves of the sea.
The purpose of The capital transfer technique performed by Lu Zhiqiang in the financial industry at that time was very simple, to get funds to inject into real estate, and to achieve this purpose, "capital hunter" Lu Zhiqiang always stared at the best and largest financial companies.
In 2002, Lu Zhiqiang entered the securities industry and insurance industry, and Oceanwide, a giant ship cloaked in real estate, has become more and more financial.
Two
Before Lu Zhiqiang's capital market all kinds of moves, constantly making the oceanwide bigger and bigger, attracting the envy of many small real estate developers, but the real estate industry is also cyclical, in that period of crazy land acquisition, Lu Zhiqiang ushered in the "8.31 limit" in 2004.
With the introduction of the "8.31 limit", the real estate company has more funds to take land, and Lu Zhiqiang wants to take The Ocean to pass this pass, he must have a lot of cash to increase the horsepower of the Ocean.
At the critical moment, Liu Chuanzhi appeared next to Lu Zhiqiang, Liu Chuanzhi took the money, Lu Zhiqiang developed, and helped PanHai escape the disaster.
It is not difficult to understand why Liu Chuanzhi wants to take off Lenovo's "national character hat", reduce the 65% of the equity held by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and will think of Lu Zhiqiang, Liu Chuanzhi knows, Lu Zhiqiang, will not be ignorant of en Tu, nor will he be unjust.
On September 9, 2009, Lu Zhiqiang officially became lenovo's third largest shareholder, and Lu Zhiqiang publicly admitted: "I fell in love with Liu Chuanzhi at first sight. ”
Shortly thereafter, Lu Zhiqiang transferred 9.6% of lenovo's equity and gave it to Liu Chuanzhi and others to help Liu Chuanzhi sit in the position of chairman, and Lenovo employee shareholding will transfer 9.5% of the equity back to Lu Zhiqiang, which is an extra 0.1% of the equity, which is lu Zhiqiang's gift to Liu Chuanzhi.
The story of this 0.1% equity has been circulating in the jianghu for a long time, and it has also made Lu Zhiqiang famous, making people see that Lu Zhiqiang is not only righteous, but also not bad money, and he also put down his bold words: "Oceanwide has never been unable to go because of funds." ”
In 2007, Lu Zhiqiang invested in the development of a mine in Baotou, and it is said that Bai Yanhua has 8.6 billion tons of high-quality coal hidden underground, and Lu Zhiqiang invested 22.8 billion yuan in this mine.
Compared with Lenovo's 2.7 billion, 22.8 billion is only a small witch.
At the time of the high operation of the giant ship Oceanwide, the housing market regulation and housing demand have been saturated, Evergrande's Xu Jiayin did not believe, continued to run the horse, Oceanwide Lu Zhiqiang stepped out of the road of transformation, in early 2014, Lu Zhiqiang proposed to build Oceanwide into a "financial + real estate + strategic investment" all aspects of the giant ship.
That is to say, Lu Zhiqiang wants to take Oceanwide to transform into the financial industry and begin to "de-real estate", and when Oceanwide made up its mind, Oceanwide also got a full license in the financial industry and opened its own smooth financial journey.
Three
Lu Zhiqiang led the transformation of Pan-Ocean, but his reputation for righteousness was outstanding, and at the end of 2014, he invested more than 20 small targets in Wanda Commercial to help Wanda Commercial go public in Xiangjiang.
On the day of Wanda Commercial's listing, the stock price fell below the issue price, although many people said that Wanda Commercial was undervalued, but it cannot be denied that Wang Jianlin delisted Wanda after 1 and a half years and went north along the river.
Wanda Commercial's folding in the capital market just shows that Lu Zhiqiang has a unique vision and is at the forefront of real estate transformation, but this also makes the Oceanwide Department begin to be doomed.
In the wave of overseas investment from 2014 to 2016, Wang Jianlin was crazy to buy and buy, and Lu Zhiqiang was not exempt from vulgarity, announcing that he would spend $2.7 billion to privatize Genworth, a financial group that even if it has lost money for two consecutive years, its assets are still far more than $2.7 billion.
At that time, Lu Zhiqiang was still full of spirit, in addition to buying and buying abroad, the domestic financial industry was also operating vigorously, and in 2016, he landed 9th on the rich board with a net worth of 85 billion.
However, one thunder after another began to explode continuously.
The first to be familiar to the public is the Wuhan Jinhuang Jewelry 8 billion fake gold incident, followed by the Zhixin No. 1095 radish chapter incident, and finally the New Hualian bond default event.
The three mines are superimposed, the ocean gradually stepped on the mines, and the money that was invested in it was the budget for demining, thrown in, heard a sound, but could not come back.
This is a declaration of the shortage of funds in the ocean-wide system, and Lu Zhiqiang, who is "not afraid of no money", can also be solved through the financing end, but the environment in 2020 is different.
In December 2019, Oceanwide issued three consecutive public bonds, and the funds raised did not reach half of the plan, indicating that the road of borrowing money through bond issuance was cut.
It can only borrow money in the name of the rightful way, but as early as 2019, 172 companies under the name of Oceanwide Department continued to borrow money for others through guarantees, or borrowed money themselves, and they had already borrowed 82.54 billion yuan in the first half of 2018.
If you want to borrow again, who will guarantee Oceanwide? Liu Chuanzhi?
Since this road is also difficult to work, Lu Zhiqiang also has an old craft, that is, pledged equity to finance, but this road, but this road is also Played to death by Lu Zhiqiang himself, and the equity of Oceanwide Holdings, once taken, wanders around outside.
Through pledge financing, this road of reinvestment is a source of funding for Oceanwide expansion. Therefore, Oceanwide also wants to use such a way to supplement cash flow, which is not true.
The listing of ants, which Lu Zhiqiang gave the last glimmer of hope, was also finally destroyed because of the shouting, and the Genworth Group, which was acquired in 2016, has not yet fully completed its business. Lu Zhiqiang, really short of money.
The general environment of 2020 has allowed everyone to see whether a company has enough cash flow to face various unexpected situations, but Lu Zhiqiang has played capital transfer in the past 30 years, relying on the economic take-off, asset appreciation has been a lot, and now all industries are tending to saturate, and the ceiling of appreciation space has peaked.
Therefore, in the face of those sky-high debts, the Oceanwide System has no corresponding funds to fill in, and the big ship of Oceanwide will eventually have to change ships halfway, and it is difficult to maintain the previous channel.
Lu Zhiqiang, relying on financial means and land price appreciation, reached the top of the A stock market value of the first person, but behind it, there is a thousand and inextricable capital chains, tight.
However, Lu Zhiqiang relied on this set of methods to succeed, and he could not give up again, so he could fall in love with Liu Chuanzhi at first sight and take a shot at Wang Jianlin.
Unfortunately, Lu Zhiqiang has a strong ability to interpret, but he did not interpret the lack of prime mover of Oceanwide Giant Voyage, and finally because of the problem of the capital chain, he suddenly sailed towards the sunset.