【Striving to Promote Chinese-style Modernization, Ganzhou】
Guangming Daily reporter Yan Huifang Hu Xiaojun
People who have stepped on the green mountains are not old, and the scenery is unique here. Known as the "cradle of Hakka", Ganzhou was the first stop for the Hakka ancestors to migrate south from the Central Plains, accounting for more than 95% of the Hakka population.
Over the years, Ganzhou has closely focused on the construction goal of "rich heritage, strong atmosphere, distinctive characteristics, and benefit to the people", built a cultural ecological protection and inheritance system, promoted the creative transformation and innovative development of Hakka culture, and explored a new path of Hakka cultural ecological inheritance and development with Gannan characteristics. In late summer and early autumn, the reporter walked into Ganzhou to experience the integration of natural landscapes and cultural landscapes, red culture and Hakka style, and the characteristic culture of coexistence of simplicity and modernity.
He Liangqing (left) and Liu Li performed the Changshan song "Hanxian Famous Fame" in the Hanxian Rock Scenic Area of Huichang County. Photo by Guangming Daily reporter Yan Huifang
Build a "inheritance" project to continue the thousand-year-old Hakka historical context
There is a Wei family courtyard that has survived more than 200 years of wind and rain and spans three streets and lanes in the old town of Ganzhou, which is the largest existing Qing Dynasty urban family residential building in Ganzhou City, and it is also a representative "Nine Wells and Eighteen Halls" style building in Gannan Hakka. In 2019, the Wei family compound was renovated and transformed into the Gannan Hakka Culture Museum. Today's Weijia Courtyard has become an important cultural tourism attraction in the old town of Ganzhou, and a popular "check-in place" for tourists from all over the world to understand the history and culture of Hakka cradle and feel the charm of Hakka architecture in Gannan.
In addition to the "hall house combination" houses, there is also a type of Hakka houses in Gannan, namely the walled houses known as the "Oriental Castle".
Xunwu County Chenguang Town Jinxing Village corner back surrounding house Hakka wedding customs display area. Photo by Guangming Daily reporter Yan Huifang
There are still more than 600 houses in Gannan, which can be divided into two types of "mouth" and "country" from the plane, which is a kind of building that integrates home, fort and temple. It was built in the Chenguang Town of Xunwu County during the reign of the Qing Shunzhi Dynasty, Xunwu County, Jinxing Village Jiaobei Wall, sitting west facing east, the front gable wall is a "three-mountain-style" fire wall, three rooms wide, for the beam-type hard mountaintop gold-clad silver large tile house. There is a patio between the front, middle and back three main houses, and on both sides and behind the main house, there is a bow-back shape surrounded by three enclosed houses, and between each enclosed house, there is a corridor with a width of 0.9 meters. On August 19, 1930, the first workers' congress of Xunwu County was held in the Jiaobei Enclosure House, and the first general trade union in the history of Xunwu County was established.
In recent years, Ganzhou has implemented key protection for neighborhoods, ancient towns and traditional villages with a relatively complete traditional Hakka cultural ecology and good natural ecology, and activated and utilized traditional villages such as Yaxi Village in Quannan and Bailu Village in Ganxian County, showing its profound historical and cultural heritage.
Guo Yingyong, the provincial representative inheritor of Jiangxi provincial intangible cultural heritage project Zhanggong Hakka bamboo carving, is making root carving works. Photo by Guangming Daily reporter Yan Huifang
Establish a good "protection" brand and promote the passing of the Hakka culture from generation to generation
Dance with a colored fan in hand, and then learn a few of the most essential short steps, and after a while, this Gannan tea-picking opera will be learned. On August 21, in the Intangible Cultural Heritage Museum of Jiangnan Songcheng Historical and Cultural Tourism Zone in Ganzhou, a group of tourists from the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area were experiencing the national intangible cultural heritage Gannan tea-picking opera with great interest. In addition to the Gannan tea-picking opera, there are more than ten kinds of intangible cultural heritage items, such as lifelike Hakka root carvings, ancient lantern making, and Hakka Chuantuo, which is a special test of patience.
The tea-picking dance club of Jiuzhang Road Primary School in Yudu County is rehearsing the Gannan tea-picking dance "Spotted Dove Tune". Photo by Guangming Daily reporter Yan Huifang
"Intangible cultural heritage inheritance, we must keep art and teach art, so that intangible cultural heritage can truly come alive and catch fire." Chen Bei, director of the Zhanggong District Cultural Center, said that the most important thing is to know where our audience is, where to integrate intangible cultural heritage and where to send it.
Suona is a wind instrument that is popular with the masses and has a deep foundation in Gannan Hakka. Ordinary people hold weddings and funerals in their homes, etc., and they must invite musicians to come and lively. Among the counties and cities in Gannan, Yudu Suona's mother-in-law blows unique characteristics. Yudu County has built inheritance centers for intangible cultural heritage items such as Yudu Suona in-laws and Hakka ancient texts in rural tourist spots and crowd gathering areas, protecting folk customs and folk culture closely related to the people's production and life.
In recent years, Ganzhou has promoted the passing on of Hakka culture through intangible cultural heritage on campus, theoretical research, venue construction, and platform construction. This year, Ganzhou took the hosting of the 32nd World Hakka Affection Conference as an important opportunity to build a "World Hakka Cultural City", and the World Hakka Intangible Cultural Heritage Museum with an investment of 200 million yuan and a construction area of 10,000 square meters will be put into use at the end of this month.
Xiao Renhuang, representative inheritor of municipal intangible cultural heritage, Xinfeng Xiaohe Hakka tin pot making skills, made Hakka tin pots at Xinfeng Intangible Cultural Heritage Workshop. Photo by Guangming Daily reporter Yan Huifang
Paint a picture of "integration" and inject the surging kinetic energy of Hakka culture
Ganzhou is committed to promoting the integration of Hakka culture with tourism, industry, commerce and trade, and insisting on transforming cultural advantages into economic advantages and development advantages.
In the production workshop of Lanchang Rattan Ware Co., Ltd., Xijiang Town, Huichang County, workers are busy making orders and producing rattan chairs. In recent years, Huichang County has continuously innovated the protection and development model of intangible cultural heritage items Huichang rattan ware-making skills, integrating rattan craftsmanship into furniture products with the help of market forces, setting up inheritance bases in schools, and encouraging artists to develop cultural and creative products, so that intangible cultural heritage items can innovate and develop in inheritance and protection.
Tourists enjoy the Hakka culture, folk and dragon and lion dance performances in Dongshengwei, Anyuan County. Photo by Zheng Min/Guangming Pictures
"Hanxian is famous, and the scenery in the lake is better than Suhang. Caihe Xiangu peeked and wanted to marry Menling as a bride. He Liangqing and Liu Li sang the Huichang mountain song "Hanxian Famous Fame", which received applause from tourists in Hanxianyan Scenic Area. Since 2017, a total of 343 Hakka intangible cultural heritage projects have been stationed in scenic spots in Ganzhou, and 3,455 exhibitions, sales and performances have been carried out, benefiting 9.96 million people.
The name of Xinfeng County takes the meaning of "people believe in things and rich because of faith", 99% of the county belongs to the Hakka people, the folk customs are simple, and the spirit is skillful. Xinfeng radish dumplings have thin skin, crystal clear and soft and sticky mouth, and are one of the "top ten famous snacks" of Gannan Hakka cuisine. "The skin of the dumplings of Xinfeng radish dumplings is refined with local sweet potato flour, and the filling of radish dumplings is also very exquisite, which must be fresh radish and fresh fish." Cao Hua, a chef who has decades of experience in making turnip dumplings, said.
In recent years, Ganzhou has taken Hakka cuisine as the starting point, deeply excavated the connotation of Hakka dishes such as Hakka tea, Hakka sour duck, and Hakka smoked chicken, and constantly created a "Hakka 'food' basket" food business card with regional characteristics. In April 2023, the World Federation of Catering Industry awarded Ganzhou the title of "International Hakka Food City".
Guangming Daily(2023.09.03.10 edition)
Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily