From the yellow sand to the green mountains, from the sand forcing people to retreat to the sand control and get rich...... Turning over the history of the development of Wuwei forestry, it can be clearly seen that this is a history of struggle against wind and sand. There is such a group of Wuwei people, who have only spoken to the desert in their lives.
—Epigraph
Tengger Desert is one of the four major deserts in China, it crosses the Great Wall in the south, reaches Helan Mountain in the east, and reaches Yabulai Mountain in the west, covering an area of about 30,000 square kilometers.
Since the 50s of the last century, sandstorms and drought have been like two shackles, which have firmly restricted the economic development of the county and caused "ecological poverty". Located on the edge of the Tengger Desert, the Wuwei people have experienced too many yellow sand rolls and experienced the most difficult years.
Declare war on the desert! Save your home!
Year by year, generation by generation, little by little...... A few decades later, the sand and gravel are green, the sand is flooded with rich boats, and the sand dunes are transformed into enchanting landscapes......
Behind these charming scenery is the story of the dialogue between the sand control people and the desert.
Do one thing in your life, just to watch your homeland
For southerners, green is unnoticed. But in Minqin, green is a gift, a welfare, and a taste of happiness.
Minqin County, located in the Hexi Corridor, is an oasis that survives in the cracks between Badain Jarin, the third largest desert in China, and the Tengger desert, the fourth largest desert. As one of the four major sources of sandstorms in China, the wind-blown sand line in Minqin is 408 kilometers long. In 2009, the desertification area of the county reached 94.5%. Minqin people regard Qingtu Lake as the "mother lake", and her drying up seems to have shed the sweat and tears of Minqin people fighting against the desert.
It only takes a few years for the land to desertify, and hundreds of years for it to be fully restored. In this battle to stop the spread of desertification and sow greenery to save the homeland, all Minqin people have gone all out.
In this sense, half of a Minqin Chronicle is a history of desertification control.
In the Minqin Sand Control Memorial Hall, the old objects condense the glorious course of the Minqin people fighting against the wind and sand for more than 60 years, and reproduce the historical moments of the Minqin people who are united in the city, prevent and control sand and defend their homes. In order to "ensure that Minqin cannot become the second Lop Nur", Minqin County has scientifically prevented and controlled desertification, and implemented sand closure and afforestation in the peripheral desert areas; Implement engineering sand control along the border quicksand area, and create windproof and sand-blocking forest belts in succession; In the severely desertified areas at the edge of the oasis, a backbone shelterbelt should be built to vigorously develop ecological and economic forests. At the same time, the intensification of sand compaction, artificial afforestation, and closure and protection of the project has effectively prevented the merging of the two deserts of Badain Jaran and Tengger, and safeguarded the ecological security of the Hexi Corridor and even the northwest of the mainland.
In Xishawo, Minqin County, the reporter saw an old man with cracked skin like an upright Suosuo.
His name is Shi Shuzhu, 80% of the people have heard his name, some people call him "Shi Ye", some people call him "Shi Silly Ye", this "stupid" and "master", there is a puzzle about the fact that he has only done sand control in his life, and he admires him!
Songhe Village, where Shishuzhu is located, was once located on the mouth of the wind and sand in Minqin County, surrounded by sand on three sides, and the natural conditions were very harsh. In 1955, 19-year-old Shi Shuzhu served as the secretary of the village Youth League branch, and he asked Ying to form the county's first youth sand control team. In 1963, he was elected secretary of the village party branch, and since then, he has led the whole village to get up early and stay late, push a wheelbarrow, and carry fried noodles into the sand nest, and fight against the wind and sand for half a century.
The desert wind was willful and vicious, not only blowing away the straw hats on the stone columns, but also pulling up the seedlings planted in the sky.
Shi Shuzhu stomped his feet, picked up the saplings lying on the sand dunes, and sighed in distress.
The trees that were planted with great difficulty were either swept away by the wind or buried by the sand. The east end of the village was frustrated, and Shi Shuzhu led everyone to fight in Zhangjia Beach in the south of the village, planting red willow and sea buckthorn...... After 6 years of hard work, 20 acres of woodland are lush and standing tall.
20 acres, too little, too little, Shi Shuzhu saw the shortcomings and hopes.
Only green is his pulse, and only green can sustain his life.
Dry!
In the cold winter, he took the village cadres to inspect the flow of wind and sand in Yanghongzhuang Beach, where the quicksand was most severe, and studied where grass and trees could be planted.
How easy is it to sow green in a desert where wind and sand are raging? In the spring and autumn tree planting season, seedlings are planted by the sapling, often after a strong wind, either the saplings are buried by the wind and sand, or the roots are pulled out by the strong wind. Undeterred, they dug out the body of the tree buried in the sand with their hands, and held the yellow sand in their hands to bury the roots of the tree that were pulled out by the wind, so that the saplings could take deep roots and sprout green shoots on the desert.
Planting trees in the desert cannot be done entirely by soil. After the guidance of technicians, he gave up the previous single-line clay sand barrier sand pressing method, and adopted a new grid-like double-eyebrow sand barrier structure, so that the survival rate of plants and trees in the grid reached more than 80%. He also introduced new varieties such as wool tops, flower sticks, and spruce from the Gansu Provincial Sand Control Experimental Station to start trial planting.
10 years have passed, 20 years have passed, 30 years have passed...... 50 years have passed. Shi Shuzhu led the villagers of Songhe Village to plant a total of 7,500 acres of windbreak and sand-fixing forests in Yanghongzhuang Beach, set up more than 800,000 meters of various sand barriers, fixed 8,000 acres of quicksand, added more than 2,400 acres of cultivated land, and built a green barrier 9 kilometers long and 2.5 kilometers wide on the vast wind and sand line.
The new model has been affirmed by relevant leaders and experts, and is called the "Song He model", and the scientist Zhu Kezhen named it the "Minqin model". Experts from more than 10 countries, including Germany, France, and Israel, also came to inspect the situation, and they sincerely praised Song He's desertification control as a miracle.
Every green plant has a story. The tenacity and persistence in the bones are the interpretation of the sand control people who can stick to a lonely corner for a lifetime.
In March, the reporter met Ma Junhe, who had returned to the countryside from the city and worked hard to protect his homeland, in Sifangdun, Changning Town, Minqin.
In 2006, Ma Junhe and others used the Internet as a carrier to initiate the establishment of the "Save Minqin Volunteer Association" and organized a large number of volunteers to go to Minqin to plant shuttles. Since the first event in 2007, it has been 12 years. As of this year, the "Rescue Minqin Volunteer Association" has planted 28,000 acres of Saxony in 6 volunteer ecological forest bases.
On the one hand, some people are taking care of their homes, and on the other hand, there are people fleeing from Minqin. There are more and more abandoned land, and Ma Junhe's worries are also increasing, who will guard the oasis in the future?
Ma Junhe tried a path of "industrialized desertification control". In 2010, he registered a cooperative, found local farmers, and planted some high-yield and water-saving crops, such as Minqin melon, red wolfberry, red dates, wine grapes, etc., and also registered trademarks such as Suosuo Farm, helping villagers sell these products through e-commerce, so that farmers who still cultivate the land can get their due rewards and give them a reason to stay.
This is another method of "controlling desertification" and another way of thinking of "retaining people."
Combined with ecological governance to carry out ecological poverty alleviation and rural revitalization work, he promoted facility agriculture and water-saving irrigation of more than 9,000 acres, signed underwriting agreements with 152 farmers, and authorized 19 online stores. By the end of 2020, a total of 51.175 million yuan of agricultural products have been sold, more than 700 people have been employed, 19.21 million yuan of income has been added to farmers, 373 farmers have been helped by e-commerce, and 2,600 farmers have been helped by informatization.
Paying attention to ecological science popularization and propaganda is what distinguishes him from traditional desertification control people. In the past three years, he has organized 790 college student volunteers from 37 universities across the country to participate in the learning experience, and 22 teams of 741 people participated in the seven-day research trip. More than 1,900 pieces of relevant information have been compiled and published on the organization's ecological education website. In order to reduce the cost of treatment, self-propelled tree planting robots have been developed to improve the efficiency of planting shuttle through automation, and reduce the treatment cost by about half from the current 700 yuan per mu.
The persistence of several generations has finally been exchanged for the green land. Nowadays, the good ecological advantages have gradually been transformed into ecological and economic advantages, which feed back the sand control people.
The heart is full of green waves, and the sweat and rain turn into clear springs.
Here, every straw has its mission; Every sand control person has the most beautiful posture.
In the sandy area, I also met people who treat the desert as a treasure and are determined to benefit from the desert. They used the temperature of the desert to brew economic forests such as Haloxylon saxon, Cistanche and wolfberry, and found the magic weapon for ecological management and poverty alleviation in the desert.
One person's persistence may be a bit tragic, but when there is a group of people who insist, the story becomes different. No matter how different the story becomes, their portraits must have such common elements: dark skin, calloused palms, and the unique temperament of a stubborn and tough Northwest man!
Reporter Zhang Shangmei
Source: Wuwei Daily