He Nengbin, Major General of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Deputy Commander of the Hunan Provincial Military Region. He was born in Chiayi Town, Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, in March 1912. In October 1927, he joined the Chinese Communist Youth League. After participating in the Pingjiang Uprising in July 1928, he was transferred from a local guerrilla force to the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. In May 1930, he became a member of the Communist Party of China. During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, he served as the squad leader of the Eighth Regiment of the Red Eighth Army, the instructor of the Second Division of the Red Third Army Corps, the instructor of the battalion school of the Red Third Army Corps, and the instructor of the Red Army University Cadre Team. He participated in the first to fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression" and participated in the Battle of Zhiluo Town during the Long March. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he served as the secretary of the general branch of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army, the captain of the second division of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, the commander of the independent battalion, and the commander of the 18th division of the Eastern Hebei Military Region. Participated in the Battle of the Hundred Regiments and the Battle of Hepingguan, the Jinchaji Spring Sweep, and the Autumn Sweep. During the Liberation War, he served as the commander of the 14th Brigade and the 17th Brigade of the Eastern Hebei Army, the commander of the Liaore Northern Army Division of Jichare in November 1946, and the commander of the Fifth Cavalry Division of the Fourth Field Army in July 1947. Participated in the Liaoshen Campaign and the Pingjin Campaign.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was appointed chief of the Tianjin Public Security Corps in November 1950, principal of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Cavalry School in February 1951, commander of the Wuhan Public Security Corps in July 1951, chief of the Hunan Provincial Public Security Corps in February 1953, and deputy commander of the Hunan Provincial Military District in February 1956. Since 1958, he has concurrently served as the director of the Hunan Provincial Sports Committee, the secretary of the party group and the president of the provincial sports college. In 1955 he was awarded the rank of Major General. He is a member of the 3rd and 4th Hunan Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.
First, brave and good at fighting, pioneering and enterprising -- remember the founding general He Nengbin two or three things
2012 is the 100th anniversary of the birth of Comrade He Nengbin, the third director of the Hunan Provincial Sports Commission and the founding major general of the People's Republic of China. On the eve of the 100th anniversary of Comrade He Nengbin's birth, Comrade He Nengbin's secretaries Zeng Jirong and Ye Guangyang wrote a special article to recall and provided a large number of precious photos during the first National Games.
2012 is the 85th anniversary of the founding of the army and the centenary of the birth of Major General He Nengbin, the founding general of the People's Republic of China.
He Nengbin, a native of Pingjiang County, Hunan Province, was born on June 29, 1912 (the 15th day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar) in Chiayi District, Pingjiang, a poor peasant family in Hebaozhou Village, Xiejiang Township, his father He Jingchun, his mother Wu Youlan, gave birth to four boys and two girls, He Nengbin ranked fifth, because of the poverty of the family, he was forced to suspend school for half a year after only studying in high school, and began to herd cattle, chop firewood and work in the fields. In the spring of 1926 (14 years old), he began to fight with his uncle He Mingchu, underground party member Tu Zhengkun to fight local tyrants and divide the fields, "February Pucheng" In November 1928, He Mingchu was introduced to join the Communist Youth League, joined the Red Army in June 1930, and began his career as a horseman, and in September of the same year, he was introduced to the Communist Party of China by Deng Nan and Nie Jun, and went through one to five anti-"encirclement and suppression" battles and a 25,000-mile Long March, the War of Resistance against Japan, and the War of Liberation. After a lot of hardships, he made immortal contributions to the founding of the republic. In 1955, he was awarded the rank of Major General, awarded the Order of August 1 of the 2nd degree, the Order of Independence and Freedom of the 2nd degree and the Order of Liberation of the 1st degree. In 1968, he left his post to recuperate, was treated as a deputy corps, and spent his old age in Changsha Donghu Dry Rest House. On January 25, 1989, he died in Changsha Army Hospital at the age of 77. The author has worked beside him for many years, although he has been away for 23 years, but his kind face, and kind language, still vivid, deeply in our hearts, on the occasion of his centennial, to write this article to express our deep nostalgia.
Create a cavalry division
In December 1946, the Central Military Commission decided to form a cavalry division according to the needs of the situation at that time, and transferred He Nengbin, commander of the Rebei Army Division, as the division commander, and the troops were composed of the Lindong Cavalry Detachment of the Rebei Division (6 companies, each company has more than 100 people and horses to build a regiment); Most of the cadres from the Rehe sub-district organs and some cavalry units from various counties were transferred to form a regiment, six companies were transferred from the independent cavalry regiment of the Jicharehe Military Region to form one regiment, and two cavalry cadre training teams from the Jicharehe Military and Political Cadre School were also formed into a cavalry division, with three regiments under its jurisdiction, totaling more than 4,000 people and more than 3,000 mules and horses. At that time, it was the 60 th birthday of Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, and in order to give a birthday gift to the commander-in-chief, the leaders of the military region called the newly formed cavalry division Zhu De's cavalry division, which was affectionately called the Zhu De Cavalry Division by the broad masses in the northeastern Hebei region. The vast number of commanders and fighters of the cavalry division regard Zhu De's cavalry division as the honor, spur on, motivate, and encourage themselves to overcome all difficulties and strive for greater victories. He Nengbin's cavalry division participated in more than 100 battles in Liaoshen, Pingjin, and other large and small battles, and made many meritorious contributions to the establishment of New China, and was commended by his superiors many times. On February 3, 1949, under the order of the Central Military Commission, He Nengbin led the cavalry division to participate in the ceremony of entering the city of Beijing. He Nengbin rode an iron horse, carried a big sword, mighty and majestic, entered the city from Yongding Gate, circled the city for a week, and was warmly applauded by the leaders of the Central Military Commission and the broad masses and the sound of firecrackers and other historic welcomes, He Nengbin also became the commander of the first cavalry division in the history of our army.
In 1958, He Nengbin served as the deputy commander of the Hunan Provincial Military Region and the chairman of the Hunan Provincial National Defense Sports Association. In July 1958, according to the requirements of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Provincial People's Government, he concurrently served as the director and secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Hunan Provincial Sports Committee until May 1968. When Commander He arrived here, he was faced with three arduous tasks. The first is to face the first National Games. At that time, Huxiang only had three sports teams: women's gymnastics, women's volleyball and men's basketball, which were established in 1957. Faced with the difficult situation of no athletes, no coaches, and no training venues and facilities, Comrade He Nengbin actively planned and mobilized from all sides, on the one hand, seconded physical education instructors from colleges and universities and some middle schools in the province as coaches, and selected hundreds of college and middle school students to carry out various training camps and select athletes from them; On the one hand, it actively organized the first Hunan Provincial Sports Games held in Changsha in May 1959, with 24 competitions and 6 performances, and 1,366 athletes from 2 cities and 6 prefectures, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture and Hunan Provincial Military Region participated in the finals and performances of the Games. On the basis of the provincial games competition selection and training, the Hunan Provincial Sports Delegation with 396 athletes was formed, under the leadership of He Nengbin, participated in the first National Games held in Beijing from September 13 to October 3, 1959, Hunan athletes participated in the preliminary finals of 29 major events, and won 52 top 12 including 3 gold, 2 silver and 4 bronze, which was the first time that Hunan showed the results of the New China National Games, and it was also the crystallization of He Lao's hard work.
The second is to promote the development of sports in Hunan, and the establishment of Hunan Institute of Physical Education is one of the important tasks. In September 1958, with the approval of the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Provincial People's Government, the Hunan Institute of Physical Education was established, and He Nengbin served as the dean. The college has the Department of Physical Education and the Department of Physical Education, and the 8 sports teams that have been gradually established since 1956, including gymnastics, basketball, volleyball, badminton, table tennis, track and field, skills and diving, belong to the Department of Sports. At the same time, seven individual sports teams, including shooting, radio, motorcycle, aeromodel, gliding, parachuting, and kayaking, were assigned to the Hunan Shooting Motorcycle Club, Hunan Radio Club, Hunan Yueyang Aviation Club, and Hunan Hengyang Aviation Club, which were established in July ~ December 1958, thus laying the foundation for Hunan competitive sports.
Comrade He Nengbin persistently implemented the party's policy on sports work, and always grasped the mass sports with the militia as the backbone and the youth sports work with the implementation of the "labor and health system" as the main content, so that Hunan's mass sports activities set off two major upsurges in the 50~60s of the 20 th century, forming the tradition and local characteristics of Hunan's mass activities.
The third is to strengthen the organization and management of the sports system and straighten out the province's sports management system. On the one hand, it has strengthened the building of the organs of the Provincial Sports Commission, transferred cadres from the army in batches to enrich the backbone strength of the departments and offices of the Provincial Sports Commission, and developed the organs from three and a half Communist Party members in 1958 to a cadre team of more than 10 Party members.
On the one hand, we will actively promote the construction of sports management institutions in prefectures, cities, prefectures and counties in the province. At the end of 1958, with the approval of the Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Government, all the prefectural and municipal sports committees that had been abolished and merged by streamlining institutions were restored. Thanks to the efforts of Comrade He Nengbin, the soundness and strengthening of the sports organization and management organization have ensured the healthy development of Hunan's sports undertakings; through the arduous struggle of several generations of sports people, Hunan's sports undertakings have taken on a new look, and a large number of Olympic champions and world champions, such as Li Xiaopeng and Xiong Ni, have created a miracle in the history of Chinese sports and won glory for the Chinese nation.
Veterans make new contributions
General He Nengbin left his post in 1968 to recuperate, and was placed in the Donghu Retired Cadres Recuperation Center in Changsha City for the treatment of the deputy corps. In this cradle of the Red Army and the recuperation center for cadres with many founding generals, he conscientiously grasped the construction of spiritual civilization and material civilization, so that every veteran Red Army soldier could happily spend his old age. He painstakingly educated the staff of the cadre rest center to serve everyone, and advised his comrades-in-arms to maintain the spirit of hard struggle during the war years and leave a happy impression on the next generation. In the early 80s, the party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission called on veteran cadres to write revolutionary memoirs to leave valuable materials for the history of the party and the military. For example: Wang Qun, a soldier of the Red Army, wrote: Send a letter to Commissar Mao; General Zhong Mingbiao wrote: The origin of the title of "Diamond Diamond" regiment given during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. Yuan Fusheng's General Legend: Fighting Demons with Wisdom and Deeds was serialized for the Soldier Daily of the Guangzhou Military Region and the Life Magazine of the Hunan Provincial Party Branch. Written by General He Nengbin: Several battles of the cavalry division, etc., all these materials and reminiscences have left valuable wealth for the history of the party and the military.
Second, He Nengbin led the cavalry division to participate in several battles
In December 1945, the Central Military Commission decided to form a cavalry division according to the needs of the struggle situation at that time, which was first called the Zhu De Cavalry Division, and later awarded the Fifth Cavalry Division. He Nengbin, then commander of the Rebei Army Division, was transferred to serve as the commander of the cavalry division, with three regiments, a total of more than 4,000 people, and more than 3,000 mules and horses. After the formation of the cavalry division, it participated in nearly 100 large and small battles, and only a few of them are recorded here.
Participated in the battle of Liaoxi
In the autumn of 1947, the Yicha Liao Military Region besieged the city and sent reinforcements, surrounded the Shijue troops of the 10th Army of the Kuomintang Army that occupied Chengde, and prepared to annihilate the troops of Hou Jingru of the 92nd Army of the Kuomintang who were reinforced from Chaoyang in western Liaoning. He also sent a cavalry division to the vicinity of Lijiagou in the southwest mountainous area of Chaoyang, preparing to block the enemy head-on when he retreated eastward, and completely annihilate the enemy.
He Nengbin led the cavalry division to the designated place overnight, and immediately deployed, with the second regiment to the east to block the enemy who might attack Chaoyang, and with the first and third regiments to ambush the mountain village south of the Daling River. That night, our infantry unit fought fiercely with the enemy on the front line of Jiugong Tongue Gate, and the artillery fire continued all night. At dawn the next day, several planes flew from Shenyang to cover the enemy's eastward retreat. He Nengbin ordered the 1st and 3rd regiments to attack the enemy in waves with a company as a unit, blocking the waist and cutting off the enemy. At this moment, the main forces of our 8th and 9th columns caught up with the enemy, divided and surrounded the enemy, and basically achieved the predetermined plan of completely annihilating the enemy's 92nd Army.
The next day, He Nengbin received a telephone call from the military region, saying that a strong enemy from Youyi County had withdrawn south to Jinzhou, and asked the cavalry division to hold the enemy at Yujiatun Station, and that another infantry unit would cooperate to gather and annihilate the enemy. That night, He Nengbin commanded the 3rd Regiment to be the vanguard, and the division headquarters and the 1st and 2nd Regiments followed up and advanced along the mountain trail to Yujiatun Station. At dawn, the three regiments entered the mountainous area west of Yujiatun and stood by.
At this time, it was found that the villages near Yujiatun were full of morning smoke, and there seemed to be signs of the enemy. He Nengbin immediately ordered a fierce attack, the enemy was unprepared, panicked, and knelt on the ground in a battalion to beg for mercy, ending the battle in just over an hour, capturing more than 3,000 enemies.
At that time, the Yan'an Xinhua News Agency broadcast to the whole country: Our Northeast Iron Cavalry Unit completely annihilated the enemy with a thunderous horseback tactic, and the 174th Provisional Division was in the vicinity of Yujiatun Station north of Jinzhou, and our cavalry unit only lightly wounded a few people, creating a miracle in the history of our army's cavalry warfare.
Participate in the battle of Weifeng Mountain
In the autumn of 1948, the Liaoshen Campaign was about to begin, and the central government decided to attack Jinzhou first. In order to prevent the enemy's 62nd Army Lin Wei and other troops from reinforcing Jinzhou from Tianjin and Tang, the higher authorities ordered He Nengbin to lead a cavalry division to completely destroy the railway bridge from Shanhaiguan to Tangshan within a week.
He Nengbin led the cavalry division to the west of Changli and along the north side of the Beining Line, relying on Weifeng Mountain to occupy a position. In the course of a week, 8 times repelled enemy attacks under heavy artillery cover. The cavalry division attacked the enemy from the right side of Weifeng Mountain with the second regiment, and finally blocked the enemy to the west of the Luanhe Iron Bridge, completely shattering the plan of the Kuomintang 62nd Army to reinforce Jinzhou.
In this battle of Weifeng Mountain, we also blocked the enemy in Tianjin and Tangshan to reinforce Liaoshen, effectively cooperated with the friendly forces, and completed the complete destruction of more than 100 kilometers of railways from Luanxian to Changli and Shanhaiguan, completely interrupted the railway, and prevented the enemy from Pingjin from reinforcing to the northeast.
Participate in the Battle of Bullpen Mountain
In October 1948, He Nengbin was ordered to cooperate with friendly infantry units to attack Miyun in order to clear the enemy on the outskirts of Beijing. Niulanshan was an important stronghold between Miyun and Beijing, where there was a battalion of enemy troops.
One night in October, He Nengbin led the cavalry division to rush to a village seven or eight miles away from Niulan Mountain, where the enemy brought three trains of military ammunition and supplies from Tongzhou and Shunyi in the direction of Beiping, and there were three companies of the enemy escorted on the trains to reinforce the enemy in Miyun. He Nengbin immediately commanded the first regiment in the front, the second regiment in the middle, and the division headquarters in the middle. Three regiments were the rearguard. After crossing the Chaobai River, our vanguard sent the enemy train back. The next day, He Nengbin commanded three regiments to attack at the same time, killing more than 100 enemies and capturing more than 50 enemies. Opening Niulan Mountain, a regiment immediately occupied the county seat of Shunyi, and the higher authorities ordered He Nengbin to lead the cavalry division to move in the direction of Zhangjiakou.
On February 3, 1949, the Military Commission ordered He Nengbin to lead the cavalry division to participate in the ceremony of entering the city in Beiping. He Nengbin rode an iron horse, carried a big sword, and was mighty and majestic, and led his division into the city from Yongding Gate and circled the city for a week, and was warmly welcomed by the leaders of the Central Military Commission and the masses.
Third, the legendary Pingjiang anti-Japanese heroes - He Nengbin
He Nengbin was born in a poor peasant family at the foot of Lianyun Mountain. In May 1927, at the age of 15, he joined the revolution under the leadership of the famous martyr Tu Zhengkun and waged armed struggle against local tyrants, inferior gentry and landlords. Once ordered to be arrested during reconnaissance in Chiayi, rescued by the elders in his hometown, escaped from the tiger's mouth, before leaving, he made an oath to the villagers: "As long as He Nengbin can come back alive, he will repay the villagers!" After the "77 Incident", in order to fight the Japanese invaders and protect the people in North China, the general crossed the Yellow River from northern Shaanxi to Shanxi, and together with the villagers in northern Shanxi, fought bloodily against the Japanese invaders for seven years. In northern Jin, he participated in the Battle of Pingxingguan, which shocked China and the rest of the world; In the "Battle of the Hundred Regiments" commanded by Peng Dehuai, his left arm was unfortunately shot, and he was rescued by his fellow villagers who participated in the war in northern Shanxi, although his life was saved, but he lost his left arm. After recovering from his wounds, the general was reluctant to leave the front line and fight with his fellow villagers in northern Shanxi for many years, so he refused the arrangement of the organization to be transferred back to the rear, and served as the captain of the Henan District Team, a local armed force in northern Shanxi. Northern Jin became the general's second hometown. In February 1949, the Central Committee decided to send a large number of cadres from the liberated areas of North China to the south with the army to liberate the land south of the Yangtze River. He Nengbin, then commander of the cavalry division of the Jireliao Military Region, sent a letter to his comrades-in-arms in northern Shanxi, briefing them on the history of the revolutionary struggle and the customs and customs of Hunan, and hoped that the comrades would have a clear understanding of the situation, dispel their worries, and respond to the call of the central authorities to liberate the villagers in the south of the Yangtze River. The cadres of northern Shanxi did not disappoint the general's wish and enthusiastically signed up to go south. The southbound cadres of Xin County were designated as envoys to take over the general's hometown ——— Pingjiang. From 1949 to 1952, He Nengbin returned twice from his post as commander of the Tianjin and Wuhan Public Security Corps to visit his relatives, villagers and the widows and orphans of martyrs. At the same time, I also want to visit my comrades and comrades-in-arms who have gone south from the north of Jin. Every time the general came back, he had to reflect the voices and demands of the villagers to the district and county party committees, and unceremoniously put forward criticisms and suggestions on the deficiencies and mistakes in his work. In 1955, the commander was awarded the rank of major general.
Revolutionary career
From January to March 1946, He Nengbin led the 1st, 57th, and 61st regiments of the 14th Brigade in eastern Hebei to participate in the first and second Chengde defense battles, and encircled and annihilated the enemy's 54th Division in Shuchuan Village, and blocked the attack of the 4th Kuomintang Division in Pingquan Xiaogou, destroying 1,100 enemies, and was commended by the Central Military Commission by telegram. Then he led his troops to fight between Suizhong and Shanhaiguan. In late August, he was transferred to the Gaositai and Zhongguan lines through Qigou, Liugou, and Sangou, where he participated in a temporary operational meeting held by the Rehe Military Region, commanding the 14 th Brigade to resist the attack of the enemy's 54 th Division on the Gaositai and Zhongguan lines, and covering the retreat of the Rehe Provincial organs and units directly under the Military Region to Longhua. On September 17, he led the 17th Brigade and the 13th Brigade to attack the 1st and 2nd Regiments of the 18th Provisional Division of the enemy in Nailin, destroying 650 enemies. From the 23rd to the 25th, he led the 17th Brigade and the 13th and 16th Brigades to liberate Ningcheng and annihilated more than 1,000 people from the 3rd Regiment of the 18th Division.
In the early summer of 1947, he led Zhu De's cavalry division, together with the 5th and 13th brigades and the Rehe cavalry brigade, to completely annihilate 1 entire regiment of the enemy at the Aphong Mountain in the paddock. In June, he led the cavalry division to cooperate with the 17th and 18th brigades to pursue the enemy who fled from Chifeng to 30 Jiazi, captured more than 100 carriages, annihilated 4,000 enemies, and then liberated Tianyi. From June 29 to July 1, the 17th Brigade served as the main attacker, and together with the 16th, 18th, and 13th Brigades, liberated Beipiao, and annihilated 2,176 people of the 18th Division of the 93rd Army. On November 9, he led the cavalry division and the 8th and 9th columns to annihilate 6,500 people from the enemy's 92nd and 94th armies west of Yixian, Chaoyang Temple, and Jiuguantaimen, and captured l000 people from the Hou Jingru Division of the 92nd Army.
In January and February 1948, he cooperated with the Kong Fei Department of the Mongolian Cavalry Regiment to suppress bandits in Wudan. On April 23, it cooperated with the Seventh Division to liberate the important town of Duolun on the dam, and annihilated more than 2,000 enemies. On October 11, he led the cavalry division to participate in the Liaoshen Campaign, and entered the Black Mountain and Dahushan areas with the Fourth Column, the First Column and the Third Division, first engaged the enemy, and from the 26th to the 28th, cooperated with the main force of the Four Fields to completely annihilate the five armies of Liao Yaoxiang's "Westward Advance Corps", and contributed to the victory of the Liaoshen Campaign.