The song under the flower tree has not yet been sung, and in a trance, Ling Xiao dances in the wind. The reflection of the pond, a dream, the shade of the green trees - summer, has opened its arms.
Where to find it in early summer in Jiangnan? It's better to go to Shaoxing. More than a thousand years ago, Wang Xizhi felt the comfort in Lanting, and it is still the same in today's Shaoxing.
Planted all over the orchid grass, Han set up a post pavilion
Minglan Pavilion
"In the ninth year of Yonghe, the age is in Guichou, and at the beginning of late spring, it will be in the Lanting of Huiji Shanyin."
Shanyin is the ancient name of the Qin period in Shaoxing. Lanting, in the foothills of Lanzhu Mountain, thirteen kilometers southwest of the suburbs of Shaoxing. Legend has it that at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, the Yue King Goujian planted orchid grass all over here, and there was a post pavilion here in the Han Dynasty, so it was called the Orchid Pavilion.
In late spring and early summer, we took the high-speed train from Hangzhou (about 18 minutes) and got off at Shaoxing North Railway Station, and then took a bus for about 1.5 hours to arrive at the Lanting Scenic Area in Keqiao District.
The scenic spot covers an area of about 250 acres, with a ticket of 70 yuan, including Goose Pond, Lanting Tablet, Qushui Liuzhen, Liuzhen Pavilion, Imperial Tablet Pavilion, Linchi Eighteen Cylinders, Wang Youjun Temple, Forest of Steles, Calligraphy Museum and other scenic spots.
Today's Lanting is still lofty mountains and mountains, lush forests and bamboos. Entering the park, as far as the eye can see, it is full of greenery, and the beautiful forest is quiet.
There are many bamboos in Lanting, with more than 30 varieties, with light bamboo, purple bamboo, moso bamboo and other bamboos being the most. Walking in the bamboo forest, people seem to have returned to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the romance is a time.
| Tortoiseshell bamboo
Walking along the winding stone road in the bamboo forest, you will soon see a blue pond called Goose Pond. On the stone by the pool, there are several white geese that are Wang Xizhi's favorite.
Wang Xizhi was born to love geese, and from the geese's posture, he got a lot of calligraphy inspiration. There are many legends about his hobby.
Legend has it that there was an old woman in Huiji who raised a goose with a beautiful song. Wang Xizhi wanted to buy the goose, but the old woman wouldn't sell it. So one day, Wang Xizhi took his relatives and friends to enjoy the geese in a car. When the old woman heard that Wang Xizhi was coming, she killed the goose, cooked it and waited for Wang Xizhi to come. The goose he loved died because he wanted to see it, and Wang Xizhi regretted it for many days.
There is another legend that there was a Taoist priest in San'in at that time, who was good at raising geese. Wang Xizhi went to him to enjoy the goose, liked it very much, and wanted to buy the goose. The Taoist priest said, "If you are willing to write me a copy of the Tao Te Ching, I will give you all these geese." Wang Xizhi happily agreed, and after writing, he went home happily with a cage of geese.
There is a stone pavilion next to the goose pond, it is triangular, a stele is erected in the pavilion, the word "goose pond" is engraved on it, so it is called the stele pavilion of the goose pond.
If you look closely at the word "goose pond", you will find that there are slight differences in thickness, fat and thinness. The word "goose" is beautiful and upright, while the word "pool" is more rugged and heroic. Why is that?
Legend has it that when Wang Xizhi was an official, he once wrote down a "goose" word with great interest, and when he was about to write the word "pool", the emperor's holy decree arrived, and he hurriedly put down his pen to receive the holy decree, and his son Wang Xianzhi, who was watching from the sidelines, took the opportunity to write a "pool" word. Father and son wrote together, and it became a good story for the ages. Therefore, this monument is also called "father and son monument".
Continue along the trail and see a stele pavilion again, which is the landmark building of the Lanting Pavilion - the Lanting Tablet Pavilion.
The pavilion is square, brick and stone structure, and is a single-eaves roof building, which is simple and elegant. The stele in the pavilion is 1.73 meters high, 1.02 meters wide and 0.27 meters thick. The word "Lanting" on the stele is the imperial pen of Emperor Kangxi.
However, the word "Lan" on the stele is missing, and the word "Ting" is missing. This is because in the sixties and seventies of the last century, the stele was smashed into many pieces, and it was not completed until it was restored in the 80s to preserve the authenticity of history.
Slightly drunk, Shulan Pavilion set preface
曲水流觞
Image source | Shaoxing Lanting Scenic Area
Continue to stroll, and a zigzag curved water appears in front of you. There is a fossilized wood standing next to the curved water, with the words "Qushui Liuzhen" written on it.
On the third day of the third month of the ninth year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, 42 literati and scholars including Wang Yizhi, Xie An, and Sun Sui met in Lanting to perform the play of "Qushui Liuzhen".
The so-called meandering water is to let everyone sit by the stream and put the feather buds full of wine into the winding water of the stream. Whoever floats in front of the feather will take the feather and drink and write poems. If you fail to improvise a poem, you will be punished with three drinks.
Image source | Shaoxing Lanting Scenic Area
On that day, a total of 37 poems were written, which were collected into a collection on the spot, with a preface by Wang Xizhi. In the face of the beautiful scenery of the good day and the best friends, Wang Xizhi used silkworm cocoon paper and rat whisker pen to write the "Lanting Collection Preface", which was called "the first book in the world" by later generations.
Since then, Wang Xizhi has become a calligraphy saint, and Lanting has become a calligraphy holy place.
The Lanting in the Tang and Song dynasties, the elegance did not decrease during the Yonghe period. In the twentieth year of Tang Kaiyuan, the first year of Qianyuan, the first year of Guangde, the fourth year of the Great Calendar and the tenth year of Yuanhe, there were literati who imitated the sages of the past to cultivate elegant gatherings here. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the Lanting Collection continued, and Emperor Lizong of the Song Dynasty even collected 117 versions of the Preface to the Lanting Collection.
In the Yuan Dynasty, there were four Lanting Yaji, and the representative figures were Zhou Boqi, Gong Shitai, Yu Que and Liu Lu.
In the sixth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty, the monk Zhiqian presided over the reconstruction of the Lanting Tianzhang Temple, and the incense was extremely prosperous.
During the Republic of China, many calligraphers such as Ma Gongyu, Deng Sanmu, Wu Yuru, etc., still took pleasure in the "Orchid Pavilion Collection Preface".
In April 1981, calligraphers from Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai gathered in Shaoxing and held the first calligraphy event since the founding of the People's Republic of China in Lanting.
There is a Liuyu Pavilion opposite Qushui Liuzhen. The face is three rooms wide, the eaves are warped, and it is a rectangular single-eaves mountain building.
Walking into the pavilion, the thick greenery outside the pavilion becomes as deep as a dream through the ice pattern doors and windows.
Passing through the Liuzhen Pavilion, there is a magnificent pavilion directly opposite, the octagonal spire, the heavy eaves are warped, and it is called the Imperial Tablet Pavilion.
The Imperial Tablet Pavilion was built in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty and rebuilt in 1983. There is an octagonal monument in the pavilion, which is 6.86 meters high, 2.64 meters wide, and weighs about 18 tons.
The front of the stele is engraved with the book "Lanting Collection Preface" written by Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty in 1693, and the back is engraved with the poem "Lanting is the Thing" written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty when he visited Lanting in 1751. The handwriting of the Emperor Zusun is the same as a tablet, which is rare in the world, and is also called "the tablet of the ancestors".
The bottom of the stele is the seat of Sumeru, and the stele crown is a relief of the cloud dragon. This imperial monument has been preserved for more than 300 years, unique in the country, can be called a national treasure, but also the "treasure of the town pavilion" of Lanting.
In the open space next to the Imperial Tablet Pavilion, there is a piece of Taizi Tablet, Xi Ziping and eighteen pen washing cylinders, named "Linchi Eighteen Cylinders", which is built according to the allusion of Wang Xianzhi's "Linchi Learning".
Legend has it that Wang Xizhi once told his son Wang Xianzhi that only when he used up eighteen jars of water to polish ink to write, his calligraphy could reach a certain level. Wang Xianzhi listened to his father's teachings, and he practiced unremittingly, and finally used up eighteen jars of water, and made great progress in calligraphy.
Each piece is equipped with a brush, and you can practice calligraphy on the stone slab by dipping it in water in the tank. It is convenient and simple, and it is a common method used by the ancients to practice calligraphy.
Cut the bamboo for the painting, the eyebrows are dyed with green mountains
Temple of Tenjo
Take the wooden bridge, cross the Lanting River, and across the river from the Lanting is the ruins of Tianzhang Temple.
Tianzhang Temple was built in the Northern Song Dynasty to the second year of Taoism, originally for the storage of the emperor's poems and texts of the Tianzhang Pavilion, because Song Renzong gave the imperial book "Tianzhang Temple" tablet and got the name. Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty made a plaque for his imperial book "Tianzhang Temple", and the three emperors of the Southern Song Dynasty, Renzong, Gaozong, and Xiaozong, also collected calligraphy works such as imperial books, poems, and inscriptions in the pavilion.
After the death of the Song Dynasty, Tianzhang Temple was abandoned for a time; It was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty and burned down by the invading Japanese army in 1940.
From 2011 to 2015, the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology basically defined the scope, scale and basic pattern of Tianzhang Temple after three field archaeological surveys and explorations.
Exploration found that the location of Tianzhang Temple in the Ming Dynasty was more easterly than that of the Song Dynasty, and the overall scale was smaller than that of the Song Dynasty. The buildings of Tianzhang Temple in the Song Dynasty did not have an obvious central axis.
In 2016, the Shaoxing Municipal People's Government protected and restored it on the original site.
The elegant lines of Lanzhu Mountain are like a turquoise screen, separating the Lanting from the outside world a natural barrier.
The Tianzhang Pavilion in front of the "screen" is a Song-style wooden building, light and elegant. Walking along the central axis to Tianzhang Pavilion, people seem to have walked into ancient paintings, happy and happy, comfortable in the mountains and rivers.
Stepping into it, the green and green bamboo, the pavilion is full of flowers.
The Chinese are good at chiseling windows into paintings. When you open a window, you open up an aesthetic realm.
Visitors unconsciously gaze at the bamboo outside the window, and the surroundings are gentle and quiet. The solemn and quiet beauty touched me for a long time.
Suddenly, it became clear why the Chinese have a special preference for bamboo: it is sparse and elegant; It is humble and modest, and its style is strong; It is not afraid of wind and rain and is resilient......
Bamboo is the wind bone of the Chinese who stand between heaven and earth, and also contains the aesthetic and sexual spirit of this nation.
#头条创作挑战赛#