#精品长文创作季#
In 1998, China's J10 fighter prototype made its first flight, which was a few days of joy for China, which meant that for the first time, China had developed a new fighter with its own capabilities.
The significance of the J10 fighter for China lies in the fact that this is the first time that China has developed a new fighter from the route of Soviet-made fighters, which means that China has finally embarked on a path of its own.
According to the design performance, even in the presence of heart problems, the actual combat capabilities of this fighter are far ahead of the American F16 and the Soviet MiG-29 of the same generation.
To put it bluntly, the Chinese Air Force, equipped with this fighter, will be able to compete with other air forces in the world except the US Air Force.
However, as early as 1997, the American F22 fighter took the lead in completing its first flight.
This was the world's first real fourth-generation fighter, and for this fighter, the Chinese Air Force felt despair at that time.
Today, fighters of various countries have developed to the fifth generation.
Although speed is no longer the only thing that is valued, it is indeed one of the criteria for measuring the combat power of modern fighters.
So which of the three fifth-generation aircraft of China, the United States and Russia can burst out with stronger power?
1. The 4S standard established by F22
The origins of this fighter can be traced back to the late seventies, when the Soviet Union was developing the MiG-29 and Su-27, which made the US Air Force feel that its air supremacy was being challenged.
Therefore, when the new Soviet fighter was not yet in service, the United States hurriedly began a tender for advanced tactical fighters in 1981.
There are three rigid requirements for this aircraft in the tender document, stealth, supersonic cruise and short take-off.
The contractors came up with seven proposals for the race, and the F22 prototype from Lockheed Martin came out on top.
In April 1991, the U.S. Department of Defense officially established that the F22 would be the next generation of advanced U.S. fighters, and after six years of intense development, the F22 fighter made its first flight.
On December 15, 2005, the fighter was operationally capable.
This aircraft was revolutionary for the world aviation community at that time, and thus this aircraft was used as the dividing line, and the standard (of the fourth generation) was officially established.
The standard is abbreviated as 4S: stealth, supersonic cruise, super maneuverability, and super situational awareness.
The so-called stealth is to use a special coating to reduce the radar reflection area through the design of the aircraft shape and fuselage coating, and finally realize the low detectability technology of the fighter.
Supersonic cruise refers to the technology that an aircraft can achieve supersonic speed only through the gas pedal without opening the combustion chamber at home, and can cruise for a long time.
You must know that this generation of fighters, represented by F15 and F16, can only fly at supersonic speeds for a short time through afterburner.
Super maneuverability refers to the fact that this generation of fighters should have further high maneuverability in high-speed flight, including flight direction and altitude, compared with the previous generation.
In this regard, the technical path to achieve this varies from country to country.
China uses the design of the fuselage and adopts the design concept of canard wings, while the United States and Russia use vector engines to change the direction of the tail flame nozzle.
Super situational awareness, also known as hyper-informationization, the new generation of fighters must have stronger space systems and information processing capabilities, and highly integrated network computers, so that they can fight more efficiently on complex battlefields.
2. Performance comparison
Due to the early design time of the F22 and the fact that computers were not used on a large scale in the design process, the 22 had airframe design flaws and a high aircraft price.
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Due to the high price of the fuselage, the number of these aircraft purchased by the US Department of Defense has dropped again and again, and even with the addition of reserve aircraft, there are only about 180 aircraft.
The F22 was also exposed to respiratory problems, which prevented it from making design changes due to the early dismantling of the production line, and it could not be integrated into existing U.S. combat systems.
In the whole process of service, there is only one record such as shooting down high-altitude balloons.
However, just looking at the data on paper, the emergence of F22 did make many countries around the world feel desperate at that time.
Especially at the beginning, China even proposed the tragic tactic of exchanging eight J-8 for one F22.
On paper, the aircraft boasts a maximum flight speed of Mach 2.25 and is equipped with vector engines that give it superior maneuverability.
Compared with the previous generation of aircraft, whether it is close combat or long-range missile output, the former can be suppressed.
After the American F22 entered service, China and Russia stepped up the development of advanced fighters, and finally the Chinese J-20 entered service at a faster pace.
The first flight of the Chinese J-20 was an epoch-making moment in the history of the Chinese Air Force.
In terms of aircraft platform, China's J-20 has a late-mover advantage over the American F22.
Through the optimization of the airframe design, the Chinese fighter has the same combat effectiveness as the American fighter in the case of insufficient power.
Now, after deep excavation, China's J-20 will be temporarily replaced by a domestic 10C engine, and a turbofan 15 will be used in the future, which will further improve the starter and maneuverability.
As the Chinese J-20 is still in the process of continuous improvement, its official data is still half-obscured.
In terms of the data released so far, the maximum flight speed of the Chinese J-20 is Mach 2.2.
However, according to the performance prediction of the latest engine, Chinese military fans will have a maximum flight speed of Mach 20 of Mach 2.8, and the result will still have to wait for the official disclosure.
The Su-57, as the first fighter independently developed by Russia in the post-Soviet era, is of special significance to Russia.
From the outside, the aircraft is roughly similar to the previous generation aircraft SU27, except that the aircraft is flatter, and part of the fuselage has been converted into a built-in magazine.
Russia's Su-57 inherits the characteristics of the Sukhoi aircraft with a large range, and in terms of maximum range, it is far ahead of the other two fighters.
This fighter achieves supersonic cruise through the newly developed engine, and the maximum flight speed can reach Mach 2, which is slightly inferior to the Chinese and American fighters.
Third, who is more powerful among the three fighters
As the strongest fighter jets of the three countries, many people like to put them on paper for horizontal data comparison, so who is stronger among the three fighters?
First of all, in terms of paper data on aircraft speed, the F22 is still the stronger of the three at this stage.
However, in terms of electronics, China has a late-mover advantage and is still in the process of upgrading.
Russia's military industry is still in the transistor structure, and the chip field is a weak point, so in the field of electronics, China has the advantage.
In terms of fuselage shape, the three countries have their own strengths and weaknesses and cannot be compared, but in terms of technology, the fuselage shape of China and the United States is smooth and smooth, while the Russian fighter plane looks riveted and very rough.
The process directly affects the stealth of the aircraft.
Compared with the aviation economic tracts specially developed by the United States and China, the air intakes of Russian aircraft are not treated in the slightest, and the engine fan blades are so directly exposed to the enemy's aviation radar.
Therefore, in terms of stealth, China and the United States are quite second, followed by Russia.
In terms of weapons, the F22 and Su-57 have a smaller fuselage design, which makes them unable to accommodate ultra-long-range air-to-air missiles, which are said to have a range of up to 300km.
When it comes to military weapons systems, China has an advantage on paper.
However, weapons are not static, in addition to looking at the data on paper, it is more important to see the combat effectiveness that the person who uses it can bloom.
The American general gave his opinion on this.
Previously, some U.S. Air Force professionals commented on the J-20 that the J-20 is connected to the military network, can access satellites in real time, and can also accept the data provided by the drone.
The combat effectiveness of this fighter cannot be considered only as an independent aircraft.
Professional intelligence agencies in the United States believe that China's J-20 excellent data link can give the fighter more powerful combat effectiveness, which is more important than super-maneuverability.
In 2022, the commander of the U.S. Air Force made a personal evaluation of the J-20 and F35 close encounters.
He said that the J-20 flew very beautifully, and its command and control system impressed the US Air Force.
According to his description, under the command of the Air Police 500, the J-20 will burst out with more powerful combat effectiveness and build an over-the-horizon kill chain.
Today, the U.S. Air Force is very afraid of China's unique long-range air-to-air missiles.
Compared with the J20, the American F22 is unable to fight with other aircraft formations due to data link integration problems, and now it is retired early.
An aircraft that has been decommissioned is naturally not qualified to confront the J-20.
Although the Russian Su-57 fighter is superior to the J-20 in individual performance, its existing countermeasure system has not yet been fully built, and the number of fighters is better than nothing.
According to official reports, the total production of Su-57s today is only 10 aircraft, of which only five have been delivered to the Russian Air Force.
Recently, a Su-57 was blown out and destroyed on the ground by the Ukrainian Air Force.
The lack of a combat system, coupled with the scarcity of numbers, if the J-20 and Su-57 fight each other, the latter will be one-sidedly slaughtered.
Now the single-machine to single-machine battle has been outdated, systematic combat is the trump card, in the future J-20 The main opponent will be the improved F35, who will die? See.
epilogue
Nowadays, all countries in the world have entered the era of five and a half generations of fighters, and the integration of stealth fighters and UAVs is the main research direction of countries around the world.
China is a pioneer in this regard, far ahead of its global peers.
Today's Chinese Air Force will no longer have the tragedy of the 81192 aircraft, and there will be no more despair of eight J-8 for one F22.
For the first time, the Chinese Air Force was able to defeat the enemy army by relying on the performance of its aircraft instead of fighting bayonets in the air, which is of great significance to the Chinese Air Force and the Chinese people.
References:
Comparison of the speed of China, the United States and Russia fifth-generation aircraft: what about the United States Mach 2.25, Russia Mach 2, and China J-20? 2024-04-10What are the advantages of F22 and J-20 and Su-57, and who is better if they meet on the battlefield? derry6 2023-01-21