1. What is a sanitary landfill for domestic waste?
【Formula】The membrane is set up
Domestic waste sanitary landfill refers to the waste treatment site used for the treatment and disposal of municipal solid waste, with artificial impermeable membrane and leachate treatment or pretreatment facilities and equipment to prevent the leakage of landfill leachate, and meets the sanitary requirements in the process of operation, management and maintenance until the final closure of the site.
2. General provisions for sanitary landfills for domestic waste
【Formula】Configure water and gas seepage dam filling, seal and repair safety supervision and set up door rails
1) The landfill should be equipped with garbage dams, anti-seepage systems, groundwater and surface water collection and drainage systems, leachate collection and drainage systems, landfill operations, closure coverage and ecological restoration systems, landfill gas drainage treatment and utilization systems, safety and environmental monitoring, sewage treatment systems, odor control and treatment systems, etc.
2) Fences, gates and other facilities should be set up in the filling site to prevent illegal dumping and safety accidents from entering the site freely.
3. The role of the anti-seepage system and the collection and drainage system of the sanitary landfill of domestic waste
【Formula】The shield is stabilized after discharge
The leachate anti-seepage system and the collection and drainage system set up in the landfill area of the sanitary landfill play an important role in shielding the leachate produced by the garbage dump in the upper part of the anti-seepage system during the use of the sanitary landfill and the stable period after the closure, and realize the discharge up to the standard through the collection, drainage and introduction of the treatment system.
4. The structural form of the landfill area of the sanitary landfill of domestic waste
【Formula】Collect and drain seepage and protect the base, poor and high liquid detection
The anti-seepage system structure can be divided into single-layer anti-seepage system structure and double-layer anti-seepage system structure. The basic structure of the single-layer anti-seepage system includes the leachate collection and drainage system, the anti-seepage layer, the upper and lower protective layers and the base layer. The basic structure of the double-layer anti-seepage system includes the leachate drainage system, the main anti-seepage layer and the upper and lower protective layers, the leachate detection layer, the secondary anti-seepage layer, the upper and lower protective layers and the base layer. A groundwater drainage system and a filter layer should be set up as needed.
The anti-seepage system located in the groundwater-poor area can adopt a single-layer high-density polyethylene geomembrane lining structure, or a composite anti-seepage lining structure formed by high-density polyethylene geomembrane and bentonite waterproof blanket. A clay protective layer should be set below the impermeable layer.
In areas with high special geological and environmental requirements, a double-layer anti-seepage structure should be adopted. The upper impermeable layer should be the main impermeable layer, the lower impermeable layer should be the secondary impermeable layer, and the leachate detection layer should be set in the middle of the second layer.
5. Basic provisions on landfill site selection and environmental protection
【口诀】期距虑符
(1) Because the life of landfills is very long, more than 10 years, the location of landfills should be carefully treated and their impact on the environment.
(2) The location of the landfill should consider factors such as geological structure, geography and hydrology, transportation distance, wind direction, etc., and the good location selection is directly reflected in the investment cost and social and environmental benefits.
(3) The site selection of the landfill site should meet the requirements of the local urban and rural construction overall plan, and meet the local environmental protection requirements such as air pollution prevention and control, water source protection, and nature protection.
(4) The domestic waste landfill site and the distance from the surrounding population shall be determined according to the conclusion of the environmental impact assessment and approved by the local administrative department of environmental protection.
6. Landfill site selection and environmental protection standard requirements
【Formula】Stabilize the soil and transport it low, stay away from less occupation, and green the downstream wind
(1) Landfills must be kept away from drinking water sources, occupy as little fertile land as possible, and make use of wasteland and local terrain. Generally, the location far away from residential areas, and the sanitary protection distance between the landfill reservoir area and the open leachate treatment area from the residential area or the water supply point for people and livestock and other sensitive targets should be determined through environmental impact assessment.
(2) The domestic waste landfill should be located downwind of the local summer dominant wind direction. Groundwater should be located in groundwater-poor areas and environmental protection target areas to flow to downstream areas.
(3) Landfill garbage transportation, landfill operations, and operation and management must strictly implement relevant regulations.
(4) The sanitary landfill of domestic waste shall be located outside the urban planning built-up area, the geological conditions are relatively stable, the soil conditions are convenient, the transportation conditions are available, the population density is low, and the land and groundwater utilization value is low, and shall not be located in the water source protection area and the underground mining area. The width of the green isolation zone in the domestic waste sanitary landfill should not be less than 20m, and it should be set along the perimeter.
7. Areas where domestic waste landfills shall not be built
【Formula】Since ancient times, floods have not been developed
(1) Drinking water source protection area and water supply long-term planning area.
(2) Floodplains and spillways.
(3) Unmined underground ore areas and karst development areas.
(4) Nature reserves.
(5) Cultural relics and historic sites, archaeology, history and biology research and investigation areas.
Yesterday 口诀6/29
1. Preparation for the construction of the comprehensive pipe gallery project
【Formula】Drawings are investigated and selected materials
2. Construction technology of cast-in-situ reinforced concrete structure comprehensive pipe gallery
【Formula】Acceptance of mold base mixing joints
3. Construction technology of prefabricated reinforced concrete structure comprehensive pipe gallery
【Formula】Pile making, marking, inspection, hoisting, and transporting
4. Foundation pit backfilling
【Formula】The structure is waterproof, evenly filled in the side, and the top rice is forbidden to be milled
5. Maintenance of comprehensive pipe gallery
【Formula】Special day with maintenance evaluation, water and fire people are limited
6. Comprehensive pipe gallery management data
【Formula】Filing and maintenance of daily life
Three days agomantra 6/27
1. Regulations on the functional test of gas pipelines
【Formula】Blow strong and strict, and fall into the trap
2. Gas pipeline purging requirements
【Formula】Before the pressure test is completed, the balloon pressure direction is checked for a long time
3. Gas pipeline strength test conditions
【Formula】Instrument case bottom pipe backfill
4. Gas pipeline pressure test
【Formula】Stabilize the soap and water test
5. Hydrostatic test of gas pipeline
【Formula】Overhead pressure and temperature circumferential force, water blowing after initial inspection and stable fall
6. Tightness test conditions
【Formula】Fill in 5k
7. Gas pipeline tightness test
【Formula】Slow charge and steady recording
Seven days ago, mantra 6/23
1. Requirements for gas pipelines to cross the river bottom
【Formula】Check and review the alarm mark of stable distance
2. Horizontal directional drilling and pipe-laying technology
【Formula】Drilling rig control drilling, expanding, pulling
3. General requirements for horizontal directional drilling and pipe laying
【Formula】Survey and grasp the actual compilation, drill and inspect the gravel pipe
4. Construction design of pilot hole drilling trajectory
【Formula】The corners are deep and long
5. Selection of drilling equipment
[formula]: Now the pipe construction site mold barrier
Two weeks agomantra 6/16
1. Key points of pipe trench and above-ground pipeline installation and construction
【Formula】Solid long slope, different parts of the branch, wear three logos
2. Key points of prefabricated directly buried pipeline installation and construction
【Formula】Build a fire and draw a slope and warm bare pier, and monitor the rain and water damage
3. Pipeline welding quality inspection sequence
【Formula】There is no strong external force
4. Non-destructive inspection of pipeline welding quality
【Formula】Shoot ultra-magnetic osmosis
5. Pipeline weld rework
【Formula】One-two enlarged inspection
五周前口诀5/27
1. The purpose of sewage treatment
【Formula】Sewage is reused up to standard
2. Classification of pollutants
【Formula】Suspension machine poison and pollution
3. Concentration of organic matter in sewage
【Formula】Aerobic total biochemistry
4. Sewage treatment method
【Formula】Physical and biochemical mud method
5. Physical treatment method of sewage
【Formula】The physical action is truncated and separated, and the equipment is separated
6. Sewage biological treatment method
【Formula】Metabolic sludge film
7. Sludge disposal method
【Formula】Concentrated fermentation, destabilization, dry burning
8. Primary treatment process for sewage treatment
【Formula】Physics 43 except suspension
9. Secondary treatment process of sewage treatment
【Formula】Bio 90 machine sol
10. Activated sludge treatment system
【Formula】Mixed aeration
11. an oxidation ditch
【Formula】Long elliptical ring ditch, body exposure water diversion
12. Objects of advanced sewage treatment
【Formula】Mixed sedimentation and filtration of poison self-absorption, it is difficult to reduce organic nitrogen and phosphorus solubility
Eight weeks ago, mantra 4/28
1. Cut-and-cover construction of subway stations
Excavate the structure and fill it, and the slope is not sloped
2. Advantages and disadvantages of the open cut construction method of subway stations
How fast and good (quality) is saved (construction period, cost), affecting the environment
3. The construction process of the cut-and-cover method of the subway station
The bottom layer of the water is excavated, and the middle top of the wall is dismantled and dismantled
4. Subway station cover excavation method
Dig and cap the top, and cover the row. Straight and backward
5. Advantages and disadvantages of subway station cover excavation method
Deformation affects the long, horizontal joints of the space excavated
6. Cover digging method:
Cover the bottom of the digging and apply the top of the wall
7. The construction process of cover digging and excavation method
Construct wall slab digging braces
8. Cover digging reverse method:
The perimeter plate is dug and applied to the edge
9. The construction process of cover digging reverse method
Excavated in the top fill of the perimeter column
10. The construction process of cover digging semi-reverse method
The top of the fence is filled and excavated, and the bottom wall is braced
11. Spray anchor excavation method
Deep and dense busy and strict, the control grid anchor needle is nearly shallow
12. Construction steps of shallow buried underground excavation method
Pipe into the short digging of the first water two
13. Applicable conditions for shallow buried underground excavation
The water is steady
14. Soil self-reliance
Foot first branch
15. Selection of commonly used single-span tunnel shallow buried underground excavation method (according to the size of the excavation section)
The platform is separated by a pit on both sides, and the arch column layer is a hole pile
16. Construct the station structure by open cut method
Rectangular frame arch, spanning stacks. Plate wall beam and column bearing type
17. Cover excavation method to construct the station structure
Rectangular frame soft pile
18. Spray anchor excavation (mine) method to construct the station structure
Auxiliary construction of arch layer
三月前口诀4/1
1. The inorganic binder stabilizes the characteristics of the base layer
Water holes, technical scriptures
2. Characteristics of commonly used base materials
The plate is stable and frozen, shrinkage, subbase, early strong arch
3. Mix the base materials
The water transfer plant is strongly mixed, and the ash is mixed first with coarse screening
4. Mixture transportation
Lime cement is transported in time, anti-steaming and dust-proof.
5. Paving of base mixture
Wet and rainy seasons fall
6. Compaction and maintenance of lime stabilized soil and cement stabilized soil base layer
At the beginning of the day, it is condensed and pressed towards the seams
7. Lime fly ash stabilized gravel (gravel) base compaction and maintenance
The thickness of the layer is forbidden to be flattened, and the wet seven milk seals are raised
8. Compaction and maintenance of graded granular base layer
Sprinkle water for caulking, wheel track to open traffic