As electric bicycles are used by more and more people, fire accidents of electric bicycles are frequent. Electric bicycles have become the "culprits" of a new type of fire accidents.
(1) Why do electric bikes catch fire?
The most common cause of e-bike fire is caused by overcharging or short circuiting of lithium batteries.
The batteries of electric bicycles are mainly lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries, according to the annual electrochemical energy storage power station industry statistics released by China Net Finance and China Electricity Council, lithium batteries account for 94% of China's new electrochemical energy storage installed capacity in 2022.
Battery overcharge and short circuit mainly occur in the charging process of the battery, due to the resistance of the battery, a certain amount of heat will accumulate during the charging process, when the overcharge time is long, the accumulated heat can not be dissipated, resulting in the occurrence of fire; A short circuit can lead to the rapid generation of a large amount of heat and electrical sparks, which can lead to a fire accident of deflagration.
In addition, high temperature weather will also cause the battery temperature to be too high, and the battery spacer film will be damaged, causing a short circuit and deflagration. There are also different brands of e-bike charging equipment mixed use can also cause battery damage, and there will be fire and ignition incidents.
(2) How terrible is a fire on an electric bike?
When the electric bicycle catches fire for 30 seconds, the flame temperature reaches 134 degrees Celsius; 100 seconds into the fire, the flame temperature rose to 320 degrees Celsius; 240 seconds after the fire, the flame temperature has reached 610 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the smoke in the house is close to 300 degrees Celsius, and a large number of toxic gases, especially carbon monoxide, are produced.
Basic fire extinguishing methods such as splashing water, fire extinguishers, and sand are basically ineffective when electric bicycles catch fires, and they cannot be extinguished even if it rains heavily, and the flames are usually extinguished only after the chemical reaction is over. Moreover, the larger the battery capacity, the longer this chemical process, the easier it is to ignite the surrounding items, and the larger the fire area. And in the combustion process, a large amount of toxic gases will be released, and toxic smoke will appear, which will increase the difficulty of the rescue work of firefighters and threaten the life and property safety of residents.
(3) How to prevent electric bicycle fire accidents?
CET has related products and solutions for electric bicycle charging monitoring, hidden danger investigation and fault protection, providing effective support for the prevention of electric bicycle fire accidents.
In the face of places where electric bicycle fire accidents may occur, such as shops, wholesale markets, warehouses, electric bicycle charging sheds, etc., PMC-T412 series electrical fire protection and current limiting protectors are installed at the lower end of the low-voltage distribution air opening in the place to realize the monitoring and protection of the electrical safety of the terminal single-phase/three-phase power circuit. When a short-circuit fault occurs, it can advance the switch action, and instantly remove the fault in a microsecond time, without generating dangerous electrical sparks, preventing the accumulation of short-circuit energy at short-circuit points and causing large-scale fire accidents.
In addition, for the electrical fire caused by the continuous arc caused by the long low-voltage line, the aging and damaged line or the poor contact of the socket, the PMC-T411 fault arc detector of CET can effectively identify the fault arc and send out alarm signals through APP, SMS and other means in time.
It avoids the negligence of on-site personnel, is safe, reliable and convenient, and effectively prevents fires. In addition, if you want to prevent electric bicycle fires, you can also do it from the following aspects:
1. Reasonably control the charging time, according to the size of the battery capacity, the charging can be completed within 8-10 hours, and it is forbidden to charge overnight;
2. It is forbidden to enter the building, there are many flammable materials indoors, and once there is a fire accident, it is easy to chain the fire, causing a bigger accident;
3. Do not fly wire charging, flying wire charging is easy to cause fire in the case of sudden weather changes;
4. Do not park the electric bicycle in the corridor, once the electric bicycle in the corridor catches fire, it will directly block the fire escape channel;
5. Do not blindly modify electric bicycles, and install audio, lighting and other modifications, which can easily cause line load and cause fire;
6. Do not buy and use non-standard and over-standard electric bicycles, buying non-standard or over-standard electric bicycles will increase the risk index when using;
7. Prevent internal water ingress, once the electric bicycle is internally watered, it may cause a short circuit, which may lead to accidents such as spontaneous combustion of the vehicle.
In qualified communities, electric bicycles should be parked in a centralized manner, and charging places should meet fire safety conditions, charging facilities that meet the safety requirements of electricity should be set up, and fire separation measures should be taken. If it is impossible to set up centralized parking and charging places due to objective conditions, daily management should be strengthened and inspections and inspections should be done. Promptly discover and stop illegal parking and charging of electric bicycles in stairwells, corridors, evacuation passages, safety exits, first-floor foyers and other areas.
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