On September 22, 1944, the Presidium of the Seventh Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) convened a meeting to establish the "Federation of Liberated Areas" proposed by Mao Zedong, and it was determined that our Party had actually resisted three-quarters of the Japanese army, while the Kuomintang army was still abandoning the country.
At the meeting, Liu Shaoqi also proposed: "In addition to the Federation of Liberated Areas, the People's Liberation Army can also be established (Liu has already proposed it at the Military Commission in August), and the names of the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army are no longer applicable." After discussion at the meeting, it was submitted to the "Seventh National Congress" for decision.
Half a month later, the central authorities named the Henan People's Liberation Army under the command of Yan'an, with Wang Shusheng as commander and Dai Jiying as political commissar, and led his troops and Li Xiannian's New Fourth Army and the Fifth Division to face Henan from north to south, occupying the area where the Kuomintang Tang Enbo's division had been defeated and lost. This was first proposed by the Party Central Committee and named the "People's Liberation Army" by the Central Committee, marking the beginning of preparations for the establishment of a unified people's army under the leadership of the Communist Party. Of course, it is also a major event in military history and national defense history!
On April 23, 1945, the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held. Everyone is familiar with the status and contribution of the "Seventh National Congress" in the history of the Party, and about the "Congress of Unity and Victory".
Above: The Seventh Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China elected Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi, Lin Boqu, Peng Dehuai, Kang Sheng, Chen Yun, Chen Yi, He Long, Xu Xiangqian, Gao Gang, Zhang Wentian, and Peng Zhen as members of the presidium. The picture shows the members of the presidium of the General Assembly.
It is only emphasized that my father was one of the first advocates of "Mao Zedong Thought". In order to establish it as the guiding ideology of our party, the role he has played over the years is unmatched. At the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Liu Shaoqi defined Mao Zedong Thought as the guiding ideology of "combining the universal truth of Marxism with the specific practice of the Chinese revolution", comprehensively and accurately summarized the essence of the ideology, established that the results of practice should be the criterion for testing truth, theory must be combined with practice, and truth must be tested by practice, and the essence of Mao Zedong Thought was extracted from facts as the party's fundamental ideological line.
My father told my mother and me more than once or twice: Theory comes from practice, has been tested by practice, and is constantly revised and improved, and the truth depends on the results of practice testing. To be precise, practice is the whole process of testing the truth, and "the result of practice is the only criterion of truth"
The basis of our party's belief is dialectical materialism and historical materialism, which can be referred to as "realism." Since Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao, they have emphasized materialism and truthfulness, but the big mistake our party has made is precisely that they are only book-only and not truth-seeking. From the 30s to the 60s of the 20th century, my father repeatedly shouted: "To seek truth from facts, you must have courage." Without courage, we dare not seek truth from facts. "To insist on seeking truth from facts is to uphold the truth." "Have the greatest revolutionary bravery...... Be upright, never be afraid of the truth, bravely stand for the truth, tell the truth to others, and fight for the truth. Even if it is temporarily unfavorable for him to do so, if he has to suffer all kinds of blows in order to uphold the truth, if he is temporarily isolated (glorious isolation) by the opposition and accusations of the majority, and even if he has to sacrifice his own life because of this, he can go against the tide and embrace the truth and never follow the crowd. "
In the "Cultural Revolution", the ambiguity was even more wasted: Lin, Jiang, and Ke Qingshi's "exaltation", "worship", "superstition", and "blind obedience" abolished and deleted the "practical test", judged practice by "truth", cut out the "reality" and nihilism of the premise of "yes", and determined the truth with "yes": they did not tell the truth, did not tell the truth, did not listen to criticism, and were not allowed to verify, the truth was divorced from practice, and the leaders were far from reality. bragging about false reports, coercing orders, and concealing man-made disasters have caused disasters to people's livelihood; Blowing and assassinating, cheating, isolating leaders, and plotting to kill the loyal and good! As a result, the so-called "Cultural Revolution" brought the party and the country to the "brink of collapse". Finally, "set things right"; In the end, return to the original point: restore the original intention established and summarized by Liu Shaoqi at the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which has been used to this day and the history of the Yongzhi Party.
The "Seventh National Congress" elected Mao Zedong (52 years old), Zhu De (59 years old), Liu Shaoqi (47 years old), Zhou Enlai (47 years old), and Ren Bishi (41 years old), the first generation of the central leadership of the Communist Party of China, and Mao Zedong as the chairman. Among the bright stars of the Communist Party of China, the most dazzling central constellation is gathered.
Just one point: The "Seventh National Congress" determined the strategic policy of "consolidating North China, Central China, and developing South China". More than half a year ago, in September 1944, the central government officially decided that Wang Zhen and Wang Shoudao would lead the 359th Brigade and other troops to the south to open up the base areas on the border of Hunan, Guangdong and Guangxi, and connect with the Dongjiang Column. At this time, the second echelon was formed to go south, all of which were responsible for and led by Liu Shaoqi.
The sunrise is red over the fire, and the rivers and seas are as green as blue in spring, who
Don't remember Jiangnan?
On July 12, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China approved Liu Shaoqi as vice chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission and director of the General Political Department. Prior to this, Mao Zedong entrusted Commander-in-Chief Zhu and his father to begin to unify the People's Liberation Army and first form a field corps.
Above: The Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held at the Yangjialing Auditorium in Yan'an from April 23 to June 11, 1945. On May 14, Liu Shaoqi made the "Report on Amending the Party Constitution" at the Seventh National Congress. At this congress, Liu Shaoqi was elected a member of the CPC Central Committee, and at the First Plenary Session of the Seventh CPC Central Committee held on 19 June, he was elected a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and a member of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee.
On August 9, the Second Session of the First Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee adopted the "Resolution on Several Historical Issues", which was the "anchor of the sea" for the history of the Party and formally established Comrade Mao Zedong as the representative of the correct line of our Party during the ten-year civil war period (1927-1937), which affirmed Comrade Liu Shaoqi as "the representative of the correct line in the work of the white areas".
On August 15, Emperor Japan proclaimed and surrendered.
Regarding Liu Shaoqi's major decisions and contributions in the Liberation War, various documents have recorded, and I will only point out the most critical ones, which are presented in flash mobs.
After Japan surrendered, Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai went to Chongqing to negotiate, and Liu Shaoqi acted as chairman of the CPC Central Committee. After the grand send-off, he and Mr. Zhu went straight to the Central Party School and sent a large number of cadres to the northeast. Father mobilized: "We decided to send the army to go, those who can walk first, those who can walk first arrive, when we arrive at the border of Rehe, we will stare at it, we will go in if we can, and then we will draw some teams and cadres to go to the northeast, and we will draw tens of thousands of dollars, everything depends on the situation, if there is a vacancy, we will drill, if the railway cannot go, we will run, and we will not take the small road if we can't take the big road." The Japanese collapsed, the Manchurian Emperor Pu Yi was caught, the Soviet Red Army left, the Kuomintang has not yet gone, you have to hurry up and rob it. "A turbulent undercurrent of stuffy race and thrilling strategic march will shine in the annals of history with the word "seize".
Then, Li Yunchang, the "old Manchurian" who was the first to enter Manchuria, called to report the situation, and Zeng Kelin, the "old Jidong" in the northeast, flew directly to Yan'an to report the situation. Liu and Zhu decided to seize the "once-in-a-lifetime opportunity" and send a large number of troops there. Ask Mao and Zhou for their consent, quickly set up the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and first send Lin Feng to lead the central cadres to his hometown of Heitu - once again sing "My home is on the Songhua River in the Northeast", full of pride and ambition!
My father believed that if the northeast was occupied by us, contiguous with North China, and backed by the Soviet Union, Mongolia, and North Korea, we could attack and retreat and defend, and our liberated areas would be able to get rid of the situation of being surrounded by the enemy for a long time. On the contrary, if the Kuomintang occupies the northeast and has half of the country's strong industrial base, it will attack our liberated areas with the Kuomintang army in the south, and then insert itself into Pingjin, Jinsui, Guanzhong, and Henan, forming a situation of dividing and encircling our liberated areas. Obviously, if you occupy the northeast, you will have great disadvantages, and "occupy" and "abandon" will determine the great fate of the Chinese revolution! Yan'an and Chongqing have frequent and highly consistent mutual power.
At this time, there are two major problems: first, the strategic policy just determined by the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China is no longer applicable, Liu Shaoqi urgently telegraphed Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai, and must change with the times and change the situation to "advance to the north and defend to the south"; Second, to take over the areas of daily descent (including the northeast) and merge the liberated areas, it is necessary to redefine the areas of party and government organizations at all levels and transfer and appoint a large number of cadres. At this time, it is impossible to hold a party congress, a plenary session of the Central Committee, and even the leadership of the Secretariat is scattered and cannot be decided collectively.
In order to meet China's needs to seize the northeast and to be constrained by China's needs for negotiations in Chongqing, Mao Zedong suggested that "the Politburo should establish a resolution and entrust the Secretariat, the chairman and acting chairman of the Central Committee with full authority to exercise the functions and powers of the Politburo during this period of intense work."
Seven conference venues
After receiving the authorization to inform the whole party, Liu Shaoqi immediately convened a meeting of the Politburo to change the strategic policy, changing "consolidating North and Central China and developing South China" to "advancing to the north (later called 'developing to the north') and defending to the south." The significance of this in the history of our party and our army is self-evident, and it can be called a highlight in my father's military career!
The "preemption" has been roughly decided, and how to "grab" and how to "occupy" has become the primary priority. Victory or defeat is determined by actual combat action!
Liu Shaoqi presided over the decision and successively sent one-third of the members of the Politburo and 40 percent of the members and alternate members of the Central Committee to the northeast; 100 regimental cadres (regiments, battalions, companies, and squads) were transferred from the whole army to incorporate and transform hundreds of thousands of puppet Manchurian military police; 100,000 troops of the Eighth Route Army (mainly Shandong and Jireliao) and more than 30,000 troops of the New Fourth Army (Third Division) were transferred to the Northeast (known as the Northeast People's Autonomous Army); 100,000 of the New Fourth Army (including the military headquarters) were transferred to Shandong; More than 100,000 echelons in central China and south of the Yangtze River shrank northward. Mobilize quickly, set off at the order, move forward quickly, and travel day and night.
"Advancing northward" was a great move of the whole army, and the secret order was to advance quietly: to enter the northeast unofficially, not to make a noise, not to send news, not to take the train into the cities, to "take small roads, to control the vast countryside and small and medium-sized cities where the (Soviet) Red Army had not been stationed." "Defense to the south" is to shrink the troops, mainly the New Fourth Army in Central China and the Dongjiang Column in South China, and withdraw with great fanfare, which is conducive to the negotiations in Chongqing; The local party and government must hold on, evacuate and streamline, and go underground.
The process of readjusting the million-dollar army can be described as an emergency large-scale transfer, large-scale transfer, and large-scale march on an unprecedented scale in the history of our army. As a result of the layout, a large field army group has gradually been formed, which can be described as a great leap forward and a big move in the regularization of our army!
The heroes are all gone, and the civil and military affairs are even more advanced!
Taking advantage of the "reconquest of lost territory", Chiang Kai-shek ordered millions of troops to "pick peaches". My father ordered the army and local armed forces in his area to delay the Kuomintang army to move north, and put forward the "entanglement and scuffle tactics" in due course. To put it simply, the field army turned upside down and dispersed and cooperated with the local armed forces, guerrillas, and militia to encircle, pursue, intercept, harass, and sabotage operations, and the plain guerrillas, railway guerrillas, mine warfare, and tunnel warfare had a full set of "good tricks" that came in handy in a concentrated manner, showed their might, stuck to the front, back, left, right, and left, and entangled and scuffled all the way, that is, the new tactics that made the US and Chiang troops anxious and called the "eight-way road-picking" made them in a dilemma, and they fell into a quagmire and entered the northeast and north China more than three months late, thus winning time for our party. However, our army and civilians "won without violence", with few losses and a lot of gains.
Above: Suiyuan's troops brave the wind and snow to march eastward. The hill is the Great Wall of Yanbei.
In terms of the art of war, it is necessary to use soldiers with odd use and criticize and make trouble. Collecting "Sun Tzu" and "Lao Tzu", this tactic is close to the highest level of "total victory without fighting", "non-invasive soldiers" and "invisible war". What is even more commendable is that Liu Shaoqi summed up this "method of operation" and popularized it into a large-scale campaign, innovated this "method of operation" and commanded it into a large-scale strategic operation, and creatively developed and enriched the treasure house of the people's war. Fight three thousand miles, and be a million divisions! It can be called a glorious page in the military practice of my father.
During this period, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De and his father lost no time in successively forming field corps to carry out mobile operations, and made up their minds to fight the Shangdang Campaign, annihilating more than 30,000 main forces of more than 10 divisions of Yan Xishan; He also won battles such as Pingsui, defended Zhangjiakou, and eliminated more than 10,000 Fu Zuoyi's army. When Mao Zedong, who was negotiating in Chongqing, heard the news, he shouted well: "When people call, we will fight." Fight for peace. Peace will not come unless the reactionaries who dare to attack the liberated areas are dealt a great blow."
Liu Shaoqi also organized all parties in a timely manner to vigorously publicize the uprising led by Gao Shuxun, deputy commander of the 11th Theater of the Kuomintang and commander of the New Eighth Army, in the Battle of Handan.
Above: The 3rd Division of the New Fourth Army exited the pass through Lengkou in eastern Hebei and headed northeast.
Chairman Mao negotiated in Chongqing for more than 40 days, and due to long-term fatigue, he fell ill when he returned to Yan'an. The Central Committee decided to let him recuperate in meditation, and his father still presided over the work of the Central Committee.
During this period, the situation was extremely complex and unpredictable, and "seizing the Northeast" was still the most tricky. With the strong support of the United States, Chiang Kai-shek used the most advanced equipment to transport the Kuomintang troops to the northeast in large numbers. The Soviet army adhered to the "Sino-Soviet Agreement" and handed over the city to the Kuomintang troops when they withdrew. At this time, although the CCP did not have a stable foothold, it took the opportunity to enter major cities. Who is willing to give up the throne that has not yet sat on the throne and control the regime that is difficult to keep? After the "77 Incident", the Eighth Route Army went out of Shanxi, and there was a fierce debate about guerrilla warfare. You can imagine the drama of the collision of various thoughts and actions.
Against this background, Liu Shaoqi resolutely proposed to "get out of the way and occupy both sides," encircle the cities with the countryside, unleash the masses, grasp land reform with one hand, grasp production with the other, and train troops with the other (reorganize and train 150,000 field troops and 200,000 local armed forces to suppress bandits), extensively establish base areas, and develop the party, government, and military enterprises in an all-round way. My father said: "After the withdrawal of the big cities, our struggle against the Kuomintang in the northeast, apart from trying to consolidate all possible strategic points, should mainly be determined by the movement of the people in the northeast and the close ties between our party and our army and the people in the northeast." This laid a solid foundation for the victory of the Liaoshen Campaign in the future, and has been designated as a historic contribution in the period of great transformation.
During this period, the situation was unpredictable, the growth and decline of the enemy and the enemy were unpredictable, the gains and losses were mixed, and the trade-offs were difficult to calculate. Presided over by his father, Peng Zhen and Chen Yun, two alternate secretaries of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee, Zhang Wentian and Gao Gang, two members of the Politburo, and a large number of members and alternate members of the Central Committee gathered in the northeast, which shows the importance of the appointment. For my father, the most troublesome thing is precisely within this most important thing, which is to make a choice in the selfless dispute and clever judgment between close comrades-in-arms.
The controversy within the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China even made a noise to the point of voting for the re-election of the secretary! Regarding the problems that the showmen were arguing about and the lawsuits that he couldn't decide, Liu Shaoqi simply threw them to the soldiers, fought hard words with guns, and fought a clear battle from the battlefield. The tragedy of the Siping Battle was fierce, which was the result of the external manifestation of internal factors. Chairman Mao kept it strictly secret in the early days of his recuperation, and Liu Shaoqi couldn't make a decision but it was really unspeakable, so he had to take the resentment of the heroes and generals! The meeting of the Northeast Bureau and the newly elected secretary have not been approved by the Secretariat of the Central Committee for a long time, so you can imagine the nervousness of the Northeast Bureau and the eagerness of Lin Biao! Later, the secret telegram informed the chairman of the recuperation, although the previous suspicion was released, but the urgent task was not solved!
Chairman Mao, who was recuperating, repeatedly read the telegram, discussed with the secretaries many times, approved the opinions of the Party Committee of the Northeast Bureau, and completely affirmed his father's correct leadership and proper decision-making. The victory or defeat on the battlefield and the test of practice have forged history: "As long as we can win over the vast rural areas and many small and medium-sized cities, and close to the people, we will be able to achieve victory." "
This translucent history, which began to be ignorant, and which aroused suspicion at the beginning of the "Cultural Revolution" (the so-called "insufficient support for Lin Biao"), has not been thoroughly studied. But this is definitely an extremely wonderful and moving glorious chapter!
Above: Liu Shaoqi's handwriting to the Central Bureaus and District Party Committees drafted by Liu Shaoqi for the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on May 22, 1946.
When Peng Zhen was transferred back to an important post in the central authorities, our army had grown to more than 300,000 commanders and fighters in the northeast, occupying most of the territory in the northeast, and successfully fulfilled all the instructions of the central authorities, especially the grand strategic task of "seizing the northeast."
At that time, the most tangled issue was the issue of "peace" and "war". After the victory of the 14-year War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the people have made up their minds that the people want peace, like the hope of a long drought, and our party should obey the sky and the people, and strongly advocate peaceful building of the country. United States Secretary of State Marshall intervened, and the Kuomintang assumed the appearance of establishing a coalition government.
Of course, we are eager and vigorously pushing China to enter a "new stage of peace and democracy". During the "Cultural Revolution", my father revealed twice that Chairman Mao even considered moving the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China from Yan'an to Tianchang (eastern Anhui) and Liuhe (a suburb of Nanjing) near Nanjing...... However, even the best wishes must be realistic and down-to-earth. It should be said that in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, his father was one of those who always maintained a very high vigilance against Chiang Kai-shek.
At this time, a good thing came to my family: Uncle Ye Jianying, who was busy with the negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, found my second brother Liu Yunruo after several twists and turns. In the early spring of 1933, when he was more than two years old, he was fostered in a worker's home, living on the streets of Shanghai and in the countryside of northern Jiangsu. He was 15 years old when he was sent back to his father, and he was a strange and skinny elf.
Above: After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Mao Zedong personally went to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang in order to strive for domestic peace. On August 27, 1945, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided that Liu Shaoqi would act as chairman of the Party Central Committee during Mao Zedong's visit to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang. This is a notice of appointment in Mao Zedong's handwriting.
During the eight months that Liu Shaoqi presided over the work of the CPC Central Committee, he preemptively deployed the strong and weak positions on China's political map, which was described as "the universe is turned upside down, and the sun and the moon are heavy (same) light." For my father, it was also the busiest, the most stressed, and the peak of his achievements. However, he still relied on and blamed the public, and even hid his achievements without showing any dew. To this day, almost everyone involved recalls this paragraph, and there is a wonderful story that makes people's blood boil, but we do not see that this commander-in-chief, who is recognized as a brilliant spring and autumn, has any self-proclaimed words.
"If you don't suffer from others, you can't do it", as a Communist Party member who has cultivated to the home, it is natural. But for well-known reasons, Liu Shaoqi's impression in the minds of the masses is hazy, what did he say and do? What did he contribute and leave behind? How much do people know today? Even "why Liu Shaoqi became the second in command of the Communist Party of China and why he became the president of the People's Republic of China has long been a secret question that young people do not know, middle-aged people do not know, and old people do not know." At the moment, I am ashamed to be a son of man, and I would like to bow my head and make a light outline.
Ye Jianying
On June 26, 1946, my father unfortunately said that United States passed the "Military Aid to Chiang Bill", and hundreds of thousands of Kuomintang troops besieged Li Xiannian, Zheng Weisan, and Chen Shaomin in the Central Plains Liberated Area of Hubei and Henan Provinces. Liu Shaoqi was responsible for commanding the "Central Plains Breakout" at the Central Military Commission: a bloody battle for a large army and a victory in breaking out of the encirclement. According to what Uncle Xiannian said when he saw me in his later years: "Your father commanded us to fight another great evil battle!" Thrilling! ”
Liu Shaoqi was in Yan'an in 1946
The Great War of Liberation has begun! Chiang Kai-shek frantically ordered one after another to launch an "all-out attack" on the liberated areas of Suzhou, Anhui, Shandong, Shanxi, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shanxi, Chahar, Hebei, and Jinsui, and a nationwide civil war broke out.
Chairman Mao recuperated and devoted himself to work. With the help of my father, I commanded the whole army and resisted!
Liu Shaoqi was always responsible for the transfer, transformation and resolute struggle of the local party and government. The main area of this tug-of-war was in North China, and from the beginning of the "Central Plains Breakout," the main area of our army's contraction and transfer was in Central China. The Kuomintang army was violent, the "homecoming regiments" were swarming back, the civil war was blazing, and the hope for peace was zero, my father strictly ordered the party, government, and military forces in Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningbo, North China, and Central China: "Do not take retreat as the policy, but take defense as the policy", and the cities should be "concealed and capable" and "prepare for an attack in the countryside". The party and government at all levels must stubbornly adhere to it, improve their organizational structure, streamline and disperse their personnel, and return to "doing what they are good at," "waging guerrilla warfare," and "not making any other plans."
Above: On February 10, 1947, Liu Shaoqi, in the name of director of the General Political Department, signed an order with Mao Zedong, chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, and Zhu De, commander-in-chief of the People's Liberation Army.
Liu Shaoqi gave special instructions to Henan, Hubei, Anhui, and the Soviet Union: "Oppose retreat and escape, fear of hardship and fear of death", except for those who must be evacuated, try to stay and strengthen the rural areas and grassroots units, "persist in struggle, preserve strength, and wait for the opportunity"; At the same time, the organization dispatched groups of cadres and troops to disperse and repatriate them to the old areas behind enemy lines.
During this period, a large number of heroes emerged, the greatest of which was Liu Hulan, a female Communist Party member: in front of the guillotine with broken corpses and blood, the righteous and heroic saintess made everyone have to be shocked and moved! Uncle Mao personally praised: "The greatness of life, the glory of death"! The father encouraged: "I hope you will grit your teeth, keep fighting, and save your strength in the near future...... You will do a great job! "
Liu Shaoqi and United States writer Strong in Yan'an
At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War in North China and the seizure of Northeast China, our party and our army had a big choice of retreating as advance. This third "return" to guerrilla warfare was unprecedentedly unanimous and synchronized, showing a high degree of self-consciousness and self-confidence of the CCP. I think this comes from the trust of the whole party and the whole army in Chairman Mao's command of the war, and also from the fact that the three "returns" were all directly presided over by my father, and everyone is already familiar with the trust.
Soon after, all the foresights came true – oh? Foresight? The course of history has been proven - yes! Expected to be like a god!
In the spring of 1947, Chiang Kai-shek's "all-out offensive" ran into a wall at every turn, and he was overstretched, so he had to shrink his forces and concentrate on "key offensives" in northern Shaanxi and Shandong. Hu Zongnan and others raided Yan'an. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and Ren Bishi formed the Central Committee of Former Enemies to stay in northern Shaanxi to command the national battlefield; Liu Shaoqi and Zhu De led the Central Working Committee to Xibaipo, Pingshan, Hebei.
The so-called "key offensive" is actually forcing the liberated areas to fight for attrition.
Although the Kuomintang army suffered huge losses, our army and people were also in deep trouble, especially because the war had caused huge losses and the economy was unsustainable.
After more than three months of fierce fighting, in July 1947, Mao Zedong planned a big strategy, turned holding on to a strong attack, and waved orders to the three armies: Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping, who had just won a great victory in defending the liberated areas of Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong, and Henan, led an army of 120,000 to fight for 20 days to "leap thousands of miles into Dabie Mountain", and returned to the "old area" of Hubei and Henan that Li Xiannian still stubbornly held after the "Central Plains Breakthrough"; At the same time, Chen Yi and Su Yu, who had just eaten tens of thousands of elites such as the 74th Division of the old Jiang Ace Army, led the army to jump out of the inner line and fight to kill the "hometown" of the New Fourth Army, Henan, Anhui and Suzhou; Chen Geng, who was winning the campaign with Hu Zongnan and the Jin army, led the army to fight to the outside line, and quickly fought and sang back to the "hometown of the Central Plains" in western Henan. "The army returned to its hometown" like a fish in water, and the party, government, military and people burst into tears!
Above: On November 11, 1946, Liu Shaoqi attended and delivered a speech at a mobilization meeting of cadres convened by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to defend the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningbo border region and Yan'an. The picture shows Liu Shaoqi going to the conference venue.
The overall strategic situation was to present an offensive posture in the shape of "Pin", overlooking Nanjing and Wuhan, and blocking the Kuomintang army as two major groups in the north and south. This brave "southern expedition" is prepared for the grand "northern war"! For the future decisive battle in the Northeast, North China, and Central China, we will set up a formation pattern.