Ms. Zhang is 49 years old this year, and her daughter is in her third year of high school, every time she tutors her daughter in her homework, Ms. Zhang is very excited, and her anger is accompanied by palpitation, dizziness and other discomforts. Ms. Zhang also suffers from poor sleep at night, sleeping about 3 hours a day on average. Recently, Ms. Zhang suspected that her daughter was "early love", and the more she thought about it, the more she couldn't sleep, and the more she couldn't sleep, the more hot she felt, and she was covered in sweat. One day, Ms. Zhang quarreled with her daughter again because of study problems, and her daughter was very rebellious and replied: "I think you are menopause, go to the hospital as soon as possible!" After Ms. Zhang was angry, she calmed down and thought: Could it be true that her daughter was right, she is menopause?
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What is menopause
Menopause, medically known as perimenopause, refers to the period before and after menopause. Perimenopausal syndrome is a series of endocrine, somatic, and neuropsychological symptoms due to declining ovarian function and fluctuating or declining levels of estrogen and progesterone. Menopause is diagnosed when women over the age of 40 have stopped menstruation for 12 months and have ruled out pregnancy and other conditions that can cause amenorrhea.
How to tell if you have entered menopause
The earliest symptom of menopause is the change of menstruation: the menstrual cycle changes ≥ 7 days, such as the original menstrual period once a month, now it becomes once every 20 or 40 days, or even once every 2~3 months, which may be the earliest signal of menopause. In addition, you can also judge whether you have entered menopause based on the following symptoms.
(1) Hot flashes and night sweats, that is, sudden flushing of the skin from the chest, neck to the face, and then sweating that does not stop, lasting a few minutes each time, may occur many times a day.
(2) Autonomic dysfunction, such as insomnia, tinnitus, palpitation and other discomforts.
(3) Mood swings and cognitive decline, such as irritability, anxiety, depression, etc., may also lead to memory loss.
(4) Symptoms such as vaginal dryness, pain, urinary frequency, urgency, and "intercourse" discomfort may be symptoms of genitourinary tract atrophy.
(5) If there is joint pain, skin paresthesia, fatigue, and other inexplicable discomforts, if the cause cannot be found by specialist examination, then it is necessary to consider that it may be a perimenopausal symptom.
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Osteoporosis and perimenopause
Due to estrogen deficiency in women after menopause, the risk of osteoporosis will increase significantly, so it is necessary to pay attention to calcium supplementation during perimenopause. Such people should eat more calcium-rich foods, such as milk, soy products, etc., while taking oral calcium. Also pay attention to proper sun exposure and physical activity, which are good ways to prevent osteoporosis. Hormone replacement therapy can slow bone loss in postmenopausal women and prevent fractures caused by osteoporosis.
There are some numbers about the age of menopause
The average age at which Chinese women begin perimenopause is 46 years old, the average age of menopause is 48~52 years old, and about 90% of them are menopausal at the age of 45~55. Menopause at the age of 40~45 is called early menopause. Some factors that affect the age of menopause: (1) smoking can advance the age of menopause; (2) The number of births ≥ 2 times can postpone the age of menopause.
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The 40-year-old period will not come, let it be!
Menopause at the age of 40~45 is called early menopause. Women with early menopause enter a state of low estrogen earlier than other women and are at greater risk of osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease, genitourinary tract atrophy, and cognitive decline in the future. Women with early menopause should go to the hospital in time for a comprehensive health check-up and identify the cause of early menopause. Hormone replacement therapy in early menopause can not only effectively alleviate menopause-related symptoms, but also prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases such as osteoporosis to a certain extent.
Content Sources:
People's Medical Publishing House published "Women's Health Cycle Strategy"
Organize the writing:
Department of Publicity, National Health Commission
Editor-in-Chief of the book:
Xu Congjian, chief physician and professor of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Fudan University