Notes:
From the founding of the Qing Dynasty to its demise, a total of seven people were rewarded with three-eyed flowers, and Xu Tong was one of them. (The other six are, in order: Fu Geng'an, He Lin, Changling, Fu Heng, Xi En, and Li Hongzhang.) ）
Shang Shuze Alcohol: Xu Ze Alcohol (1787-1858), a native of Dahouzhuang, Dongxiang, Jinghai County (present-day Xiqing District, Tianjin), zimeiqiao, lotte weng, Hanjun Zhenglanqi people. Jiaqing twenty-five years of three-class soldiers.
Sit and revise the middle volume in the grinding survey dismissal: the scrolls that were admitted to the palace examination should be submitted to the emperor's imperial palace, and before they were submitted, these volumes would also be examined by the ministers of the examination, which is called "grinding and surveying", and there will be opportunities and time for cheating in the process of grinding and surveying. Also: Every few years, the assessment of the promotion and dismissal of officials is also called "grinding survey".
The reason for Xu Tong's dismissal is that he did not learn any skills, and during a main canonical examination, the examination question "School Secretary" was written into a big white character "School Reason Book", the candidates did not know where the classic came from, there was no way to write, he was impeached by Yushi and dismissed, which was very different from the record of zhengshi, probably because of his bad reputation, and the restoration faction was not at odds, "Gengzi Wuzhong" went to the difficulty, he not only refused Rong Lu to ask him to intercede, but also said "kill less"! Maybe his political enemies deliberately orchestrated his "right and wrong legends" in the folk, right?
Another of his "laughing stalks" is widely rumored in the folk: on the day of the marriage of the Tongzhi Emperor, the empress dowager sent Linggui and Xu Tong to the empress's mother's house to greet her - taking the auspicious meaning of "Guizi Tongsun". When he arrived at the empress's mother's house, Xu Tong announced that he had mispronounced the sentence at the beginning, and mistakenly cut "Chengtian Hongyun Emperor, Zhao Yue..." into "Chengtian Hongyun, Emperor Zhao yue..." Li Hongzhang's seat master, Rong Lu's old father-in-law, and the empress's grandfather Linggui was shocked, thinking carefully, it was inevitable that people would make occasional mistakes, and moreover, such a big scene could participate several times in a lifetime! But listening to it, Ling Gui's face was getting more and more unbearable, and he hated to find a seam to drill down! It turned out that there were many words in the edict that Xu Tong didn't recognize, and he stuttered and couldn't read the sentences! It is estimated that the political enemies deliberately orchestrated him, a generation of imperial masters, the knowledge is naturally not bad.
Records of Emperor Wenzong: Xianfeng Emperor Temple Number "Qing Wenzong".
Wu Ke read and asked Yuding Da tong to use the corpse advice: history called "the dispute between the unification and the heir", the Tongzhi Emperor died of illness, and there was no child behind him, Empress Dowager Cixi did not establish the heir for Tongzhi because of her desire for power, but instead made her sister Zai Xiang the second son of Xianfeng, wu can be read as the Tongzhi Emperor to fight for the "great unification", and urged the engraved iron coupon Danshu edict to tell the world: In the future, Zai Xiangzi inherited the son of the Tongzhi Emperor and succeeded the "Great Unification" and the corpse was hanged in the abandoned temple of the Sanyi Temple. The implication is that in the future, some heavy ministers will imitate the story of Song Taizong and Zhao Pu, and not establish Zhao Kuangyinzi but Zhao Guangyizi to succeed to the "Great Unification". If Guangxu had a son to succeed the Tongzhi Emperor as the "Great Unification", what would Guangxu do? Or spend a fork? This was indeed a difficult problem in ancient times.
Wu Ke read (1812-1879), zi Liutang, Gansu Gaolan people. Daoguang thirty years into the soldier. When he was serving as a royal historian, because the Urumqi Viceroy Cheng Lu indiscriminately killed more than 200 civilians and asked for credit for the enemy, he played the "Chen Urumqi Admiral Cheng Lu's Crimes", insisted on killing Cheng Lu to thank the world, and wept angrily at the Tongzhi Emperor, fortunately the two palaces interceded for him to avoid one of his deaths.
Weng Tonggong (1830-1904): Zi Shuping, Song Zen, Bei Shu Junzhai, Bottle Sheng, Bottle Lu Resident, and Mei Jushi. Don't call the day idler, the late number bottle nunnery, Jiangsu Changshu people. Xianfeng six years of yuan. Tongzhi and Guangxu were two generations of emperors. Representative of the Imperial Party (Active Reform faction). In August of the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu, after the failure of the "Wushu Reform Law", he was dismissed from his post and never used, and Guangxu died at home in the thirtieth year of his reign, and in the first year of xuanun, he was reinstated as an official and posthumously honored as "Wen Gong". For details, see the "Qing History Manuscript Weng Tonggong Biography".
Yuanliang of Shaoyi Dabao: Yuanliang, here borrowed to refer to the prince. These "no-brainers" used word games to solve the difficult problem of "the struggle between reunification and heirs."
Shi Chonghou was good at making russian treaties: Complete Yan Chonghou (1826-1893), Zidishan, Ziqian, Hecha, Manchurian Yellow Flag Man, Daoguang Twenty-nine Years Raised.
In the fourth year of Guangxu (1878), he sent an envoy to Russia and signed the Treaty of Livadia with Russia without authorization: from Jiayuguan to Xi'an, Hanzhong to Hankou, Xinjiang to Mongolia, Russia had the right to trade. From the Songhua River to Boduna, trade with Russia was free and all tariffs were waived. These few losses are too big! See Draft History of the Qing Dynasty, vol. 233, "The Tale of Chonghou".
The boundaries of the cities of Ita: Yi, referring to Yili, Xinjiang. Ta, referring to Tarbagatai (located on the border of present-day western Xinjiang and eastern Kazakhstan, 300 km long.
Evil Western Learning: Legend has it that Xu Tong hated the Westerners, because Guangxu presided over the leadership of the "Pengshu Reform Law", so he also hated Guangxu and hated Weng Tonggong, so he was one of the strong advocates of "Self-Hai Jianchu". Folklore: Xu Tong's residence is close to foreign embassies, so he pasted a vernacular pair on the gate: "Looking at the ocean and sighing, and being neighbor to the ghost." According to folklore, once he talked to a certain minister about the recital of a minister, and a certain minister said: It is estimated that it is against the heart. Xu misheard it as "the talk of restoration", and suddenly became angry: "Xiu Ti na "restoration" two words, I hate to kill them all!
Xu Tong is conservative and stubborn, but saying that he "does not learn and has no skills", and what jokes such as "Portugal, Spain" and "do not touch mexican silver dollars" everywhere should be deliberately orchestrated by political enemies, right?
Yu Shi: The year of birth and death is unknown. Zi Xizhi (字西之), a second-year soldier of Xianfeng, assisted Zuo Zongtang in putting down the rebellion. Guangxu was transferred to the capital of Urumqi in the fourth year, and authored the twelve volumes of the "Yushi Qinghai Manuscript" (the historical value is large) and the "Dangerous And Strange Picture Theory". One of those who advocated the abolition of the Guangxu Emperor.
Zai Yi: Born and died on August 26, 1856 – November 24, 1922, grandson of the Daoguang Emperor, son of Yi Yi, and later succeeded Wang Yizhi of Ruimin County, his wife was the niece of Empress Dowager Cixi, who did not like to study, and supported the Boxer Rebellion of "supporting the Qing Dynasty and destroying the Ocean", and was listed among the "Twelve Scourges" of the Eight-Nation Alliance, exiled to Xinjiang with his son Pu Yan, and returned to Beijing in 1917 with zhang xun's restoration.
In 1900, the Liduan King Zaiyizi Pujuan was made the eldest brother: that is, the matter of "building a reserve in his own sea", and in 1900, he was ready to formally change Pu Yan as emperor, but was opposed by the envoys of the various countries and gave up.
Boxers raise xenophobias: On June 21, 1900, the Qing government officially declared war on the Eleven Kingdoms in the name of the Guangxu Emperor and used the Boxers to attack and kill the embassies and consulates of various countries.
Yuan Chang: One of the "Five Loyalties of Gengzi", a native of Tonglu, Zhejiang, born and died in 1846 - July 29, 1900, formerly known as Zhen Toad, Zi Shuangqiu, Chongli, a native of Zhejiang Xicun, Guangxu 2nd year Deng Erjia Jinshi. In the 26th year of Guangxu, he was executed by the Qing court for his strong opposition to the use of the Boxers and the declaration of war on the outside world, and after the signing of the Xinugu Treaty, he was rehabilitated and posthumously honored as "Zhongjie". He is a representative of the "Tongguang Body" Zhejiang poets, and his works include "Diary of the People of Zhejiang West Village" and "Records of Yuan Taichang Ancestral Hall" carved stones.
Xu Jingcheng: Born and died in 1845 - July 28, 1900, known as "Xu Gong", formerly known as 癸身, zi zhuyun, a native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang, and a seven-year jinshi of Tongzhi. One of the "Five Loyalties of Gengzi". Because of her strenuous opposition to the use of the Boxers and the declaration of war on the outside world, Cixi was killed in Beijing on charges of "colluding with foreigners, talking about chaos, and speaking a lot of dissension." Guangxu was rehabilitated on February 13, 27, the official was reinstated, and in the first year of Xuanun's reign, he posthumously honored "Wensu".
Xu Chengyu: Born and died 1841-1901.
Bagong: During the Qing Dynasty, the students who were both excellent in character and learning were selected by the provincial academic government to study in the State Zijian, and after passing the imperial examination, they were appointed as seven pinjing officials of the first class, zhixian of the second class, and third class as teachers.
Qixiu: For details, see "Selected Political Figures of the Late Qing Dynasty" No. 3 "Qing History Manuscripts • Qixiu Biography Commentary"
annotations:
Gengzi Wuzhong: The five ministers who were killed for their strenuous opposition to the Righteous And Boxers and declaring war on the Eleven Kingdoms: Xu Jingcheng, Yuan Chang, Xu Yongyi, LiShan, and Lianyuan.
The great powers listed the "twelve evil leaders": Zai Yi, Zai Lan, Zai Xun, Ying Nian, Zhao Shuqiao, Yu Xian, Qi Xiu, Xu Chengyu, Xu Tong, Gang Yi, Li Bingheng, Dong Fuxiang.
Attached is an article in Tianjin Daily: