As a feudal dynasty established by ethnic minorities, the Qing Dynasty pursued the basic national policy of "promoting Manchus and suppressing Han", and infinitely improved the status of Manchus. Among the Manchus, the eight surnames of "Tong Jia, Guar Jia, Ma Jia, Sokura, Hesheli, Fucha, Nala, and Niu Hulu" are the most prominent. Among them, the Tong Jia family, known as the "Tong Half Dynasty"; the Fucha family, known as the "Century-old Xuansheng", and the NiuHulu family, known as the "Iron-Blooded Family", are the most powerful and prosperous.
The Tong Jia family in this article does not refer to the entire Tong Jia clan, but refers specifically to the Tong Jia Long Ke Duo lineage; similarly, the Fu Cha family refers specifically to the Fu Cha Fu Heng one vein; and the Niu Hu Lu family refers specifically to the Niu Hu Lu Shu Bi Long one vein.
So, these three Manchurian families, which appear very frequently in historical documents and film and television works, who is better, and who is the veritable "Manchurian First Family"?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Tongjia family</h1>
In the post-Jin dynasty, Tong Yangzhen defected to Nurhaci and was subordinate to the Han Army, which later became the "Eight Banners Han Army". During the Kangxi Dynasty, Tong Yangzhen's grandson, Tong Guogang, asked the Kangxi Emperor to return to Manchuria; coupled with the tutelage of Empress Xiaoyiren tong Jia, the Kangxi Emperor "raised the flag" of his entire clan to "Manchuria with yellow flags".
The Tong Jia family began to rise from Tong Yangzhen's son, Tong Tulai. Tong Tulai, official to the Han army zhenglan banner capital, ceremonial attendant. But more importantly, Tong Tulai had two daughters married to the Shunzhi Emperor, one of whom was the Kangxi Emperor's biological mother, Empress Xiaokangzhang, Tong Jiashi. With this relationship, the Tong Jia family would naturally rise rapidly in the Kangxi Dynasty and become the largest foreign family in the Kangxi Dynasty.
The flag genus of the Tong Jia family is Manchurian yellow flag
In the Qing Dynasty, although the Tong Jia family only produced three empresses, a Yuan Concubine, plus an imperial concubine, this "Yuan Concubine" was the wife of the Qing Taizu Nurhaci, and Nurhaci was still a "rich" identity, if it were not for the taboo of the later emperors, the surname of the Qing Dynasty royal family would become "Tong Surname", not "Ai Xinjue Luoshi".
Among the three empresses, one was Empress Xiaokangzhang, the biological mother of the Kangxi Emperor, one was the adoptive mother of the Yongzheng Emperor, Empress Xiaoyiren, and the other was the second empress of the Daoguang Emperor, Empress Xiaoshencheng.
Among the Tong Jia people, it was the Yongzheng Emperor's "meritorious servants"—Tong Jia Longkeduo's official position, title, status, and power were the highest, and the official was the "Prime Minister of Affairs and The Consular Department Shangshu" and was given the title of First Class Duke, and the "First Class Light Vehicle Lieutenant" was inherited by his son. In addition, Roncodo also has the title of "Taibao", the four regiments of dragons to supplement the clothes, the eyes are dazzling and other gifts; at the same time, he also has the huge power of "selecting officials at will, not having to play please, arbitrarily selecting". More importantly, Roncodo was the only place where the emperor openly referred to himself as "uncle".
Roncodo Stills
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Fucha family</h1>
Influenced by film and television works such as "Yanxi Raiders", most people in the world believe that the fucha family's real period of xuanhe only appeared in the Qianlong Dynasty, but it was not. As early as the Shunzhi period, the leader of the Fucha family, Hashtun, had already served as a parliamentary minister, received the title of "Prince Taibao", and was awarded the title of "First Class Light Vehicle Lieutenant, Plus One Cloud Riding Lieutenant".
In the Kangxi Dynasty, two great figures appeared in the Fucha family, Ma Qi and Ma Wu, who were called "two horses eating the grass of the world". Ma Qi, a scholar of the Official To Bohol Temple, was the "Minister of Prime Minister's Affairs" of the Yongzheng Dynasty; Ma Wu, the Minister of the Interior of the Imperial Guard, was a powerful figure in the official household. In the Qianlong Dynasty, the Fucha family produced another figure who pushed the family's power to the peak- Empress Xiaoxianchun.
Empress Xiaoxianchun, the daughter of Li Rongbao, the brother of Ma Qi and Ma Wu, and the wife of the Qianlong Emperor, was evaluated by the Qianlong Emperor as a queen consort of "the sages of the ancients, the Gaishi is incomparable". Because Empress Xiaoxianchun was favored, the Fucha family also received special attention from the Qianlong Emperor and quickly developed into the first foreign relative family of the Qianlong Dynasty that was "a zhuzi, a general in and out of the picture, and a prosperous trend".
In the case of Fu cha Fu Heng, the younger brother of Empress Xiaoxianchun, Fu Heng and his son Fu Kang'an were both given the title of "King of the Counties", which can be described as "an unprecedented queen, the crown of a hundred officials".
The only regret is that the Fucha family only appeared as empress Xiaoxianchun, and another empress of equal status, Nurhaci's second Great Fu Jin, Fucha Gundai, died of unknown causes, and the coffin was removed from Fuling by Order of Dolgun.
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > the Nyulhulu family</h1>
The most famous figure of the Niuhulu family is the Qianlong Dynasty's favorite courtiers, powerful ministers, and corrupt officials- NiuHulu and Yan, but the Niuhulu family in this article is not one and the same.
The soul of the Nyūrīrīr family, Nyūrü Ulu E'yidu, known as one of the "Five Heroes of the Later Jin Dynasty", was Nurhaci's most trusted and trusted confidant, and had married Nurhaci's sister and daughter successively. At the same time, he was also the father-in-law of Emperor Taiji, and his daughter was Emperor Taiji's wife, Princess Yuan.
There were 16 sons of Er yidu, of which the second son, Daqi, was most loved by Nurhaci, and even regarded him as his own, but because he was too arrogant, he was smothered alive with a quilt. The rest of the sons, either killed in battle or held prominent official positions, were all prominent figures at that time. However, perhaps even Er Yi did not expect that the person who finally led the Niuhulu family to the peak was his youngest son, the leading minister of the Shunzhi Dynasty and the assistant minister of the Kangxi Dynasty.
Stills of Shubillon
Shu Bilong, who was attached to Aobai in the early Kangxi Dynasty, ranked third among the "Four Auxiliary Ministers of Kangxi", and was given the title of "Taishi" and the title of "First Class Duke". In addition, Hebilon was nurhaci's grandson, and his wife was the daughter of prince Azig of England, and his stepwife was the granddaughter of Prince Daishan of Li. Under the influence of Ao Bai, although Shu Bilong was punished, this did not affect the continued development of the Niu Hulu family.
After His death, his daughter was crowned empress dowager by the Kangxi Emperor, the second empress of the Kangxi Emperor, Empress Xiaozhaoren; another daughter was crowned as a concubine of Wen, who had long been in charge of the harem affairs and the biological mother of the emperor's tenth son, Yin'er. Of his seven sons, Alinga was the most famous.
Aling'a, the minister of internal affairs of the official to lead the guards, the Shangshu of the Punishment Department, the Shangshu of the Li Fan Yuan, and the affairs of the Prime Minister's Firearms Battalion, were the kangxi emperor's favorite foreign ministers, "Emperor Shengzuren was very kind, and for a time none of the ministers were out of his right." The Alinga of the Kangxi Dynasty was a disciple of the imperial family and a soul figure in the circle of Manchurian nobles, and his appeal and influence were beyond the reach of others.
However, Because of his support for the active conquest of the eighth son of the Emperor, Yin Yu, Aling'a was regarded by the Yongzheng Emperor as "an enemy who does not share the heavens", and ordered his people to change his tombstone to "The Tomb of the Unscrupulous and Greedy Alinga" and killed his son Arsuna, which was a short period of depression for the Niuhulu family.
In the Qianlong Dynasty, another figure in the Niuhulu family revived the family's majesty, The nephew of Alinga, "the one who has received the deepest favor since he ascended the throne"---------------------------------------------- In addition to Ne Qin, his elder brother Celen was promoted to "Viceroy of Liangjiang and Prince Shaofu"; younger brother Ai Bida, official to "Viceroy of Huguang"; younger brother Arigun, official to "Co-founder of the University Scholar and Head of the Household Department Shangshu".
Most importantly, the Niuhulu family also produced 6 empresses and a yuan concubine, including the Qianlong Emperor's biological mother, Empress Xiaoshengxian of the Niuhulu clan, the Xianfeng Emperor's biological mother, The Xiaoquancheng Empress Niuhulu and empress Dowager Ci'an during the late Qing Dynasty.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > postscript</h1>
On the whole, although the NiuHulu family did not have the heyday of "dominating a dynasty" like the Tong Jia family and the Fucha family, it always maintained the best state of "long-term prosperity" by virtue of the "founding merits" of the ancestors and the appearance of 6 successive empresses.
For the Nyūrō family, the recurrence of prosperity and decay became almost the norm, preceded by the fall of Kou bilong, followed by the ascension of Empress Xiaozhaoren; before the Yongzheng Emperor's suppression of the Nyūrlu family, followed by Empress Xiaoshengxian and her courtiers, Arigun, and so on. Although Empress Xiaoherui of the Jiaqing Dynasty did not make her son emperor, Empress Xiao Quancheng of the Daoguang Dynasty gave birth to the Xianfeng Emperor. After the death of the Xianfeng Emperor, when the Niuhulu family was about to decline, Empress Dowager Ci'an became the de facto supreme ruler.
The status of the Niuhulu family in the Qing Dynasty "roller coaster" style ups and downs, although thrilling, but fortunately almost every dynasty can marry the emperor or the royal family, coupled with the ability to human rights subjects, but it has become the longest time of manchuria's first family.
References: "Eight Banners of The Eight Banners", "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty", "Qing Shilu", "Eight Banners of Manchurian Clan Genealogy"