[Tang] Xu Haoshu "Monument to the Empty Monk" Editor: Gao Sijia

[Tang] Xu Haoshu "Monument to the Monk Who Is Not Empty" (partial)

In the Tang Dynasty, Xu Hao's book "Monument to the Monk who Is Not Empty", also known as the "Monument to the Three Tibetan Monks of Guangzhi", has the inscription "Monument of the Great Debate of the Great Debate of the Tang Daxingshan Temple, guangzhi three Tibetan national teachers", and tang dezong jianzhong was erected in the daxingshan temple in the second year (781). It is 305 cm high, 99 cm wide and 30 cm thick. 23 lines, full of 48 characters, the body has been crippled, there are broken marks in the upper right corner and middle of the stele, and the words are defective. Yan Ying wrote an article, Xu Hao Shudan (Xu Hao inscription, the three links of the world, two stele in Henan Dengfeng, one is this stele). Originally in the Daxingshan Temple of Jingshanfang in Chang'an City, it was moved to the Temple of Literature in the early Song Dynasty, and later moved to the Xi'an Forest of Steles, which is now displayed on the east side of the second room of the Forest of Steles in Xi'an, and there are bibliographies such as "Compilation of Golden Stones", "Complete Collection of Xi'an Steles", "Appreciation of Calligraphy Art of Xi'an Steles", "Appreciation of Xi'an Steles", etc.

The Bukong monk (705-774) was the sixth ancestor of Buddhist tantra. Together with Good Fearlessness and Vajrayogini, he is known as the "Three Great Masters of Kaiyuan", and together with Kumarosh, Xuanzang, and Zhenzhen, he is known as the four great translators of Middle-earth Buddhism. Successive Tang Dynasty Xuanzong, Suzong, and Daizong three dynasties empowerment guoshi. It is said that he was born into the Northern Tianzhu Brahmin tribe, and he followed his uncle to the Eastern Lands as a child, where he studied under Vajrayogini Sanzang. In the twentieth year of the new century (732), Vajrayogini Sanzang passed away, and the monk traveled to Tianzhu and Shiziguo and other western countries, seeking more than 500 tantric sutras. In the fifth year of Tianbao (746), he brought buddhist scriptures to Chang'an and began to devote himself to the translation of 77 tantric texts, 120 volumes, and Xuanzong gave him the title of "Zhizang Guoshi". In the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756), the monk lived in Chang'an Daxingshan Temple. After Emperor Suzong ascended the throne, he was still treated with courtesy. In the first year of Emperor Yongtai's reign (765), he was awarded the title of "Great Guangzhi Sanzang" (大廣智三藏), and later added the kaifu Yi Tongsan Division,and was enfeoffed as the Duke of Su. He died in June of the ninth year of the Gregorian calendar at the age of seventy. The following year, the pagoda was posthumously honored at Daxingshan Temple, where he was posthumously honored as the "Great Debate Zheng Guangzhi Sanzang Monk". Huiguo, a disciple of the bukō monk, passed on tantra to the Japanese monk Kukai, and tantra became popular in Japan. In addition to recording the lineage of tantra in Middle-earth and the life of the monk, the Stele of the Monk of the Void also records the vision of his birth and death. The Biography of the High Monk of the Song Dynasty details the various spells cast by the monk Bukong when he traveled to the Western Regions, and contains his use of heavenly soldiers to help Tang Xuanzong repel the clan soldiers.

The inscription was written by Yan Yin ( 严郢 ; Yīồng Đ

The author Xu Hao, the character Ji Hai, is a native of present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Tang Dynasty calligrapher, nephew of chancellor Zhang Jiuling, tired official Gongbu Shilang, Lingnan Jiedu Observation Envoy, Official Shilang, Jixian Dian scholar, Jianzhong three years (782) died, gave the prince a young master. When Emperor Suzong of Tang and Li Heng were appointed Zhongshu Sheren, the Four-Square Edict had more than one hand, and the Kaishu was crowned for a time. The inscription was written a year before his death. Xu Hao's calligraphy was passed down by his father Xu Zhaozhi, and later he took the second king of the Fa, and he was good at calligraphy in all kinds of styles, especially in grass. On the world, its calligraphy is like "Angry Stone, Thirsty Ji Benquan" "If the spring clouds are high, there is no ladder to go up to the depth of the valley, there is no path to be found, and it is incomparable since the beginning of the new century"

Successive generations of calligraphers have mixed praise and criticism of Xu Hao's calligraphy and the calligraphy of the Monument to the Immortal Monk. Tang Lu's "Review of Continued Books" criticized: "Gu Duo is skilled, and there is no interest. Li Yu also said: "Xu Hao got the flesh of the right army and lost it." "Mi Fu even said that Dong Xiaozi and "Not Empty" are all evil in their later years, and there is no beauty at all, and those who know it know it." Song Zhu Changwen included a wonderful product in the volume of the "Continuation of the Book Break", commenting: "Haozhi is a book, the knowledge is sharp inside, zhenhua is outside, and there is a gentleman's instrument." The New Book of Tang is passed on to yun: "The Book of Kindness of Shi Hao's Father, teaching Hao the Fa and benefiting the work." Forty-two screens of the book are available, and all eight bodies are available. "Xingchi Compilation" Yun: "There are many People who write about Tang Zhigong, and those who seek the name of his three-leaf heir are only Xu Shiyun." Zhao Kun of the Ming Dynasty believes that this stele "although the knot is old and vigorous and slightly clear", but in terms of the thickness of the dot painting circle and the steady body of the knot, its calligraphy "seems to be healthy and ungrouped". In short, the calligraphy of this stele is majestic. Yang Shoujing of the Qing Dynasty commented that his stele was "nearly plain, no agility and steadyness, and bone strength cave reached", which was the top product in Tang Kai.

<h1 toutiao-origin="h4" > Editor: Gao Sijia</h1>