"Red crispy hands, yellow teng wine, full of spring color palace wall willows." The east wind is evil, the joy is thin, a sadness, and a few years away from the rope. Wrong, wrong, wrong! Spring is as old as ever, people are empty and thin, and the tear marks are red and silky. Peach blossoms fall, idle pond pavilion, although the mountain league is there, the Jinshu is difficult to trust. Mo, Mo, Mo!"
This is a poem written by the famous Northern Song Dynasty lyricist Lu You for his ex-wife Tang Wan, the content is sad and sad, tear-jerking, and it is a fine work in the Song Ci.
Tang Huan is Lu You's ex-wife, who married Lu You when she was 19 years old. Tang Huan was clever and clever, talented, was a talented woman at that time, and after marrying Lu You, she was wise and filial, and she and Lu You raised eyebrows and had similar interests, and the two were very affectionate. However, Lu You's mother, Lady Tang, did not like Tang Wan, blamed her, and finally forced Lu You to leave Tang Wan. Later, Tang Huan married Zhao Shicheng, and Lu You married Wang Shicheng, and the two never saw each other again.
10 years later, Lu You and Tang Wan met in Shaoxing Shen Garden, Lu You was emotional, and wrote this poem on the wall with a pen to express his inner bitterness and sadness. And Tang Huan also sang a poem with words: "The world is thin, people are evil, and the rain sends dusk flowers to fall easily." The wind dried and the tears were broken. Want to write a heart, monologue oblique. difficult! difficult! difficult! People are everywhere, today is not yesterday, and the sick soul is often like a swing rope. The horns are cold, and the night is dark. Afraid of people asking, tears filled with joy. deceive! deceive! Hide!" This song tells about his infinite thoughts about Lu You, crying about his own situation of thinking about the disease, and the meaning of the words is even more miserable. Tang Huan was overly sad after this meeting, and died of depression shortly after returning home.
The love story of Lu You and Tang Wan is a rich stroke in the literary history of the Song Dynasty, which has always been sighed by the world, and whether in poetry and song or in later generations of opera, the two are cousins, but some people have questioned this. So are Lu You and Tang Wan's cousin relationship in the end?
Those who question this relationship point out that, according to the Baoqing Continuation Chronicle, Tang Hong's father, Tang Hong, was the son of Tang Yi, a native of Shanyin (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang), while Lu You's mother was the granddaughter of Tang Jie, a native of Jiangling (present-day Hubei). The two places are far apart, and although both families are surnamed Tang, they are not related by clan blood. Since Tang You's father, Tang Hong, and Lu You's mother were not brothers and sisters, lu you and Tang You could not be cousins.
However, the material on which this examination is based is limited, and the records of Fang Zhi may not be reliable. The claim that Tang Huan is Lu You's cousin has a long history.
According to the Southern Song Dynasty's Zhou Mi "Qi Dong Ye Yu", "Lu Wuguan first married Tang Shi, the daughter of Hong, and Yu's mother and wife were his aunt and nephew. That is, it is clearly stated that Tang You is the niece of Lu You's mother, so that Lu You and Tang Huan are naturally cousins. Chen Hu of the Southern Song Dynasty also has such a record in the "Continuation of the Old Story", which says that Tang Huan was Lu You's cousin, and after the two married, "the qin was very harmonious, but it was not a mother's will, so it was out of his mind." The love of husband and wife is really unbearable. After the name of the South Banshi, the family has a garden hall victory. Wuguan (Lu Youzi) went to the garden one day, went to the woman to smell it, sent yellow sealed wine, fruit food, and courtesy. Public sense of its affection, to endow this word. His wife sees and reconciles, and there is a sentence of 'the world is weak, and the human feelings are evil', but it is a pity that it cannot be completely destroyed. Not much, but a few pawns". This account not only shows that the two were cousins, but also describes their living conditions after marriage, explains the reasons for their separation, and gives a detailed explanation of the process by which Lu You wrote "The Phoenix".
Because Chen Hu is closer to the age of Lu You's life, he belongs to the younger generation who is at the same time as Lu You and is slightly later, so what he said has a greater degree of credibility. In addition, Liu Kezhuang of the Southern Song Dynasty also used Chen Hu and Zhou Mi in the "Sequel to Houcun Poetry", believing that Lu You and Tang Huan were cousins. Later, in the Qing Dynasty, the "Poetry of the Past Dynasties" and the "Compilation of Anecdotes of the Song Dynasty" were also consistent with the records of "Qi Dongye Language" and "Qi Old Continued Stories", believing that Tang Huan was Lu You's cousin and wife, and because of Lu You's opposition, he was divided by Yan Yan, leaving a poignant love story.
In fact, by examining why Lu Mu opposed this marriage, we can also find the beginning of the relationship between Lu You and Tang Wan. There have always been various theories about the reasons why Lu Mu rejected Tang Wan, but in summary, there are two theories that people more agree with. One is that as recorded in the "Qi Dong Ye Yu", Lu Mu saw that Lu You was increasingly immersed in Qingqing and me after marrying Tang Wan, and neglected to study and enter the Shi, and lived a life of going in and out of the pair, warblers and swallows, so she was dissatisfied, afraid that the beautiful and clever Tang Wan would delay Lu You's future. The talented Lu You took an exam after marriage, but did not pass the exam, Lu Mu did not know that it was political reasons (Lu You's strong resistance to gold in the examination paper, not tolerated by those in power at that time), blamed Tang Wan, so more and more tang Wan was not pleasing to the eye, and finally forced Lu You to give her a break.
Another reason is that because Tang Huan had no children after marriage, lu mu was dissatisfied, so she was suspended. In his later years, Lu You wrote "Listening to the Sound of Water Birds in the Summer Night Boat and Lamenting the Feelings of Evil Feelings of the Sister", which wrote: "The concubines who are expected to give birth to men, and the concubines and grandmothers are sun-grandsons." This ambition is staggering, and the life is thin to slander. Euphemistically expressed that Tang Huan had not had children since marriage, which led to her cousin's dissatisfaction, and finally drove her out of the Lu family. This may seem inconceivable now, but in ancient times, it was emphasized that "no filial piety has three, and no queen is greater", the primary purpose of marriage is to spread leaves and continue the incense, as for taking care of housework, doing xian internal help is secondary.
Therefore, if you cannot have a son after marriage, or even if you cannot have children all the time, it means that the primary purpose of the marriage cannot be achieved, and the marriage is a failure. At this time, it is natural to dissolve the marriage and will not be questioned in any way. Since this statement originates from Lu You's own poems, and Tang Huan did not have a child after marrying Lu You for three years, then this reason is likely to be the real reason or main reason why Lu You's mother resented Tang You.
The reason why Tang Huan has not been able to have children is probably because Lu You and Tang Huan have a cousin relationship and belong to close relatives to marry, so it is very normal that they cannot have children. Although in modern times it is not legal to marry a close relative, in ancient times, the marriage of cousins was considered a good thing to be close to each other, and it was something that both parties were happy to see. However, the consequences of the marriage of close relatives were not noticed and prevented by the ancients, so the misfortunes of many families were often related to this. According to this reason, Tang Wan's lack of childbirth in the three years after marriage is likely due to her relationship with Lu You's cousins, thus providing a supporting evidence for their kinship.
In addition, in order to determine the relationship between Lu You and Tang Wan, some scholars have examined Tang Wan's family situation in detail. They arranged Tang You's family genealogy, thus determining that there was indeed a clan relationship between Tang You and Lu You's mother, Lady Tang, so that Lu You and Tang You were also related. Poor Lu You Tang Wan, a talented cousin, who were like-minded and married as a loving couple, should have been a good thing at that time, but because they were childless after marriage, they were beaten by Lu Mother's stick, which was really a tragedy.
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