Foreword: During the Qingxianfeng period from 1851 to 1861, when the Beijing and Tianjin tea merchants went to Changle in Fujian, they experienced the unique jasmine smoked snuff, and felt that the smoked flower tea combined with jasmine and tea could definitely open up the vast flower tea market. Through experiments, it has been proved that the flower tea integrated with the fragrance of jasmine flowers is deeply loved by consumers, which is also the main reason for driving jasmine planting. At that time, Fujian became the main production base of jasmine, and then slowly turned to Hengxian County, Guangxi.
Planting is no longer limited to the large areas of the field planted by flower farmers, but has become common to the family balcony. In order to obtain healthy green jasmine buds, precautions to prevent pests and diseases are carried out during planting, and pollution-free solutions are taken during the occurrence, so as to bring peace of mind and safety to drink. For jasmine buds, jasmine bud maggots directly affect the yield and quality of flower buds, underestimating the visual waste in the manufacturing room and looking at the huge benefits of planting. Because once the jasmine bud maggot is possessed, it will grow and reproduce through the ability of life to struggle to grow, and find a way to grow and reproduce. Next, let's explore how to take preventive measures from autumn and how to prevent green prevention and control in the event of the occurrence period.
Jasmine bud maggots grow from ovary → larvae → pupae → adults, and the entire growth process takes a year to evolve to about six generations, until the last generation of vigorous vitality is completed around October. Divided into female adults and male adults, male antennae are much longer than females, but the life time is about two days less than that of females. The shape of eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult insects is completely different, the egg size is relatively small, shaped like a oblong oval object; the larvae have appeared maggot shape, the initial light orange and small body length, slowly mature can see the larvae; the larvae are wrapped in a layer of sacs, and gradually break the pupae out of the adult. Adults resemble mosquitoes seen every day, with a yellowish surface.
1. Climatic conditions
Climatic conditions have become one of the important factors in the occurrence of jasmine bud maggots, often appearing in the spring and summer rainy season and autumn rainy season, the soil becomes quite humid through the moisture of rainwater, at this time it is just conducive to the larvae entering the deep soil to develop into adult insects, so that continuous reproduction, growth, generation after generation damage to the health of jasmine buds, gradually losing the smooth and bright appearance, as well as a light fragrance. However, the quality of flower buds in spring and summer is not high, and the prevention and management of insect pests is neglected, which is prone to large-scale harm; the number of flower buds in the autumn season is not large, and it is not timely picking, and it is easy to retain more insect bodies for winter.
2. Reasons for cultivation management
After the potted jasmine flowers are nourished by the rain, the corresponding drainage measures are not carried out in time, and the soil is excessively wet, which becomes a suitable growth environment for jasmine bud maggots. After the ground-planted jasmine flowers are watered by rain, proper trenching and drainage, loose soil and water leakage measures are not carried out, and the over-moist soil becomes the best living environment for jasmine buds.
3. Symptoms of jasmine bud maggot harm
Jasmine buds begin to harm the buds from the egg worms, relying on the nutrient solution inside the buds to survive. Female insects choose to harm the unopened buds that are easy to breed eggworms, because this can get a relative sense of security; this harm is very powerful, and once the eggworms grow well, they cause a large area of infection. The larvae have a certain ability to forage, and normally choose open flowers with strong floral aromas. Damaged buds have no task economic value and ornamental value, and if the buds are found to be abnormally colored during conservation, such as purple or yellowish, they must be pruned to eliminate the insect pest pathogen, which may further develop into fungal white silk disease.
1. Harm to flowers
The damage of jasmine bud maggots to flower buds is more obvious, and adults, larvae and egg worms must absorb the nutrients in the buds for growth and development. In order to obtain healthy and safe growth, some insect bodies hide in the intermittent between petals, and by the time the insect infestation is found, it has entered the stage of withering and shedding. In the early stage, you can watch from the taste and color, such as dull colors, odorless flowers, or pick a small number of buds for in-depth examination.
2. Harm to branches
The buds are one with the branches and leaves, and as long as one part of it is possessed by the insect infestation, the other parts gradually become sick. Jasmine bud maggots are transported through the branches to the leaves and trunk until they become the scourge of white silk disease. The liquid of the trunk and branches flows with each other, and the root system will rot one after another. Therefore, the jasmine bud maggot has evolved over generations, and if it is not treated in time, it will endanger the life ability of the whole plant.
1. Use natural enemies
Nature has a balanced set of survival rules, and pests have a fixed chain of life between them, layer by layer by the process of strong devouring the weak. For jasmine buds, large grasshoppers, Chinese grasshoppers, ladybugs, etc. can swallow the jasmine bud maggots in the larval stage. There are also black gold wasps with long shields, which can be inserted into the buds through tubes to suck out the larvae of the jasmine buds. The pest phase method can make the buds grow healthy and safe.
2. Daily maintenance and prevention
(1) Soil: Even if the soil is effectively exposed and disinfected before planting, there will be insect infestation breeding in the later stage due to climatic and environmental reasons; because the eggs will wait for the opportunity to regenerate. Therefore, in the rainy period of spring, summer and autumn, it is necessary to drain, loosen the soil, and then spray 10 times the pepper water for disinfection.
(2) Sunshine: It is destined to be sunny after rainy days, and it is necessary to provide sufficient sunlight for potted jasmine or jasmine that is nourished by rain. It not only satisfies the long habit of jasmine flowers that like sunlight, but also naturally disinfects the plants and soil. Jasmine plants that have been exposed to the sun need to pay attention to hydration measures.
(3) Picking: Due to the large amount of rain in the buds of jasmine flowers, the overall quality and aroma cannot meet the requirements of smoked flower tea, and reasonable picking measures are generally not carried out. Retaining buds not only disperses the limited nutrients of the plant, but also provides space for jasmine bud maggots to grow. Therefore, regardless of the quality of the flowers and the number of flowers, it is necessary to carry out reasonable picking, especially the few lonely buds in autumn and winter.
(4) Fertilization: fertile + moist soil, which is an important condition for larvae to break the cocoon and grow into large insects. For example, if you think that when it is nourished on a rainy day, reasonable fertilization can promote the growth and flowering of the plant, which will cause the breeding of jasmine bud maggots. Therefore, when fertilizing and maintaining jasmine flowers, avoid the cool rainy season.
3. Chemical control
The jasmine flowers grown in the field are mainly supplied to tea merchants, and the jasmine flowers grown on the balconies are mainly ornamental. Regardless of the purpose of planting, when pests and diseases occur, chemical syrup should not be used excessively to spray, so that substances that affect health will appear. Personally, I think that about 10 times the concentration of pepper water, garlic water, spraying and pruning the plants of jasmine bud maggots, can play a disinfection effect; if the situation is more serious, then use 1000 times the oxygen fruit oil spraying, avoiding the season of picking and selling.