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oracle里的dual表

DUAL ? 有什么神秘的? 当你想得到ORACLE系统时间, 简简单单敲一行SQL 

  

  不就得了吗? 故弄玄虚…. 

  SQL> select sysdate from dual; 

  SYSDATE 

  ——— 

  28-SEP-03 

  哈哈, 确实DUAL的使用很方便. 但是大家知道DUAL倒底是什么OBJECT, 它有什么特殊的行为吗? 来,我们一起看一看. 

  首先搞清楚DUAL是什么OBJECT : 

  SQL> connect system/manager 

  Connected. 

  SQL> select owner, object_name , object_type from dba_objects where object_name like ‘%DUAL%’; 

  OWNER OBJECT_NAME OBJECT_TYPE 

  ————— ————— ————- 

  SYS DUAL TABLE 

  PUBLIC DUAL SYNONYM 

  原来DUAL是属于SYS schema的一个表,然后以PUBLIC SYNONYM的方式供其他数据库USER使用. 

  再看看它的结构: 

  SQL> desc dual 

  Name Null? Type 

  —————————————– ——– —————————- 

  DUMMY VARCHAR2(1) 

  SQL> 

  只有一个名字叫DUMMY的字符型COLUMN . 

  然后查询一下表里的数据: 

  SQL> select dummy from dual; 

  DUMMY 

  ———- 

  X 

  哦, 只有一条记录, DUMMY的值是’X’ .很正常啊,没什么奇怪嘛. 好,下面就有奇妙的东西出现了! 

  插入一条记录: 

  SQL> connect sys as sysdba 

  SQL> insert into dual values ( ‘Y’); 

  1 row created. 

  SQL> commit; 

  Commit complete. 

  SQL> select count(*) from dual; 

  COUNT(*) 

  2 

  迄今为止,一切正常. 然而当我们再次查询记录时,奇怪的事情发生了 

  SQL> select * from dual; 

  刚才插入的那条记录并没有显示出来 ! 明明DUAL表中有两条记录, 可就是只显示一条! 

  再试一下删除 ,狠一点,全删光 ! 

  SQL> delete from dual; /*注意没有限定条件,试图删除全部记录*/ 

  1 row deleted. 

  哈哈,也只有一条记录被删掉, 

  Y 

  为什么会这样呢? 难道SQL的语法对DUAL不起作用吗?带着这个疑问, 我查询了一些ORACLE官方的资料. 原来ORACLE对DUAL表的操作做了一些内部处理,尽量保证DUAL表中只返回一条记录.当然这写内部操作是不可见的 . 

  看来ORACLE真是蕴藏着无穷的奥妙啊! 

  附: ORACLE关于DUAL表不同寻常特性的解释 

  There is internalized code that makes this happen. Code checks that ensure that a table scan of SYS.DUAL only returns one row. Svrmgrl behaviour is incorrect but this is now an obsolete product. 

  The base issue you should always remember and keep is: DUAL table should always have 1 ROW. Dual is a normal table with one dummy column of varchar2(1). 

  This is basically used from several applications as a pseudo table for getting results from a select statement that use functions like sysdate or other prebuilt or application functions. If DUAL has no rows at all some applications (that use DUAL) may fail with NO_DATA_FOUND exception. If DUAL has more than 1 row then applications (that use DUAL) may fail with TOO_MANY_ROWS exception. 

  So DUAL should ALWAYS have 1 and only 1 row 

本文转自tiasys博客园博客,原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/tiasys/archive/2008/03/28/1128192.html,如需转载请自行联系原作者