如何在ext3上恢复数据--实践

工作中遇见了，查了网上文章，发现没几个实际能通过的，实在是怒。自己找了软件做了一次实战操作，基本可以保证稳定恢复。

测试环境

[root@localhost ~]# uname -a

Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.18-8.el5 #1 SMP Fri Jan 26 14:15:21 EST 2007 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

所需的相关库

[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa |grep e2fsprogs

e2fsprogs-libs-1.39-8.el5

e2fsprogs-1.39-8.el5

e2fsprogs-devel-1.39-8.el5

分区情况

[root@localhost ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

6.2G 1.8G 4.2G 30% /

/dev/sda1 99M 11M 83M 12% /boot

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02

1008M 34M 924M 4% /data

tmpfs 125M 0 125M 0% /dev/shm

需要软件

<a href="http://code.google.com/p/ext3grep/downloads/list">http://code.google.com/p/ext3grep/downloads/list</a>

先下载软件

[root@localhost ~]# cd /root/src/

[root@localhost src]# ls

ext3grep-0.6.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost src]# tar xfvz ext3grep-0.6.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost ext3grep-0.6.0]# ./configure

[root@localhost ext3grep-0.6.0]# make install

[root@localhost ext3grep-0.6.0]# ext3grep

Running ext3grep version 0.6.0

编译然后测试可以使用了，一切做好了以后开始我们的恢复过程。

我的目录是/data分区，我先格式化了分区，我放一个文件在根目录下和一个子目录下的文件。

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02 1008M 34M 924M 4% /data

拷贝点文件过去

[root@localhost ~]# ]# cp /bin/ls /data/

[root@localhost ~]# ]# cp -rf /bin /data/

[root@localhost ~]# ]# ls -la /data/

total 136

drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Apr 21 17:37 .

drwxr-xr-x 25 root root 4096 Apr 21 17:11 ..

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 21 17:37 bin

drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Apr 21 17:15 lost+found

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 93560 Apr 21 17:37 ls

[root@localhost ~]#

一个子目录一个可执行文件

现在删除ls文件和bin下面的zcat

[root@localhost ~]# rm /data/ls

rm: remove regular file `/data/ls'? y

[root@localhost ~]# rm /data/bin/zcat

rm: remove regular file `/data/bin/zcat'? y

[root@localhost ~]# ls -la /data/ls /data/bin/zcat

ls: /data/ls: No such file or directory

ls: /data/bin/zcat: No such file or directory

文件没有了然后我们来恢复

首先umount掉分区

[root@localhost ~]# umount /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02

确认卸载，然后使用ext3grep来恢复。

[root@localhost ~]# ext3grep/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02 --ls --inode 2

这里会创建扫描分区

[root@localhost ~]# ext3grep /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02 --ls --inode 2

[root@localhost ~]# ext3grep /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02 --restore-file ls

WARNING: I don't know what EXT3_FEATURE_COMPAT_EXT_ATTR is.

Number of groups: 8

Minimum / maximum journal block: 585 / 8787

Loading journal descriptors... sorting... done

Number of descriptors in journal: 58; min / max sequence numbers: 2 / 5

Loading VolGroup00-LogVol02.ext3grep.stage2... done

Restoring ls

[root@localhost ~]# ext3grep /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02 --restore-file bin/ls

Restoring bin/ls

[root@localhost ~]# ls -la RESTORED_FILES/

total 124

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 21 18:01 .

drwxr-x--- 5 root root 4096 Apr 21 17:55 ..

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 93560 Apr 21 17:48 ls

[root@localhost ~]# ext3grep /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol02 --restore-file bin/zcat

Restoring bin/zcat

[root@localhost ~]# ls -la RESTORED_FILES/bin/

total 188

drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Apr 21 18:01 .

drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Apr 21 18:01 ..

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 62136 Apr 21 17:48 zcat

看看都恢复在RESTORED_FILES目录下，大小也一样

参考资料

<a href="http://www.xs4all.nl/~carlo17/howto/undelete_ext3.html">http://www.xs4all.nl/~carlo17/howto/undelete_ext3.html</a>