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CCNP精粹系列之二十--策略路由实战二,博主推荐文章

       管理距离

上一篇博文介绍了如何配置策略路由影响路由途径,缓解路由流量拥塞的问题,上篇博文的遗留问题先解决一下:

当一个问题没有解决时是难受的,相信自己的理解和配置没问题,那么肯定存在一个很小的疏忽,所以当把这个很小的疏忽解决掉之后,心情是最爽的,幸福都能体现出来,这种感觉是需要用心去寻找,用耐心去体验,所以第一关就是克服自己。

下面给出30网段路由的路径:

R1#

R1#traceroute

Protocol [ip]:

Target IP address: 192.168.10.1

Source address: 192.168.30.1

Numeric display [n]:

Timeout in seconds [3]:

Probe count [3]:

Minimum Time to Live [1]:

Maximum Time to Live [30]: 5

Port Number [33434]:

Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:

Type escape sequence to abort.

Tracing the route to 192.168.10.1

  1 202.110.100.2 36 msec 60 msec 48 msec

  2 202.110.104.1 96 msec 156 msec 96 msec

  3 202.110.103.1 192 msec 204 msec *

实现我们的预期的目的,解决了网络流量的拥塞难题,达到设备的合理利用。

前途是光明的,道路是曲折的,所以我们需要共同努力,刻不容缓,让我们一起飞的更高,走进我的技术圈飞的更高………

下面来看今天新内容:

那么方法不止一种,今天这篇博文将通过修改管理距离来影响路由的途径。

  R2 :.   S1/1    202.110.101.1 255.255.255.0

S1/2    202.110.104.2 255.255.255.0

R3:S1/1    202.110.101.2 255.255.255.0

.          S1/2   202.110.102.1 255.255.255.0

R4 :S1/2    202.110.102.2 255.255.255.0

.          S1/1  202.110.103.1 255.255.255.0

R5 :S1/1    202.110.103.2 255.255.255.0

.          S1/2  202.110.104.1 255.255.255.0

在R1上做:

Router(config)#host R2

R2(config)#int s1/1

R2(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.101.1 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#encap hclc

                     ^

% Invalid input detected at '^' marker.

R2(config-if)#encap hdlc

R2(config-if)#clock rate 56000

R2(config-if)#no shut

R2(config-if)#

*Apr 21 17:05:13.907: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

*Apr 21 17:05:14.911: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#int s1/2

R2(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.104.2 255.255.255.0

*Apr 21 17:06:34.147: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up

*Apr 21 17:06:35.151: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#router rip

R2(config-router)#ver 2

R2(config-router)#net 202.110.101.0

R2(config-router)#net 202.110.104.0

在R2上做:

Router(config)#host R3

R3(config)#int s1/1

R3(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.101.2 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#encap hdlc

R3(config-if)#no shut

R3(config-if)#

*Apr 21 17:08:15.767: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

*Apr 21 17:08:16.771: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

R3(config-if)#int s1/2

R3(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.102.1 255.255.255.0

R3(config-if)#encap hdlc\

                        ^

R3(config-if)#clock rate 56000

R3(config-if)#ex

*Apr 21 17:08:58.267: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/2, changed state to upit

R3(config)#

*Apr 21 17:08:59.271: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up

R3(config)#router rip

R3(config-router)#net 202.110.101.0

R3(config-router)#exit

R3(config)#router ospf 100

R3(config-router)#net 202.110.102.0

注意:将R3的左端口配置为rip协议,右端口配置为ospf协议。

在R4上做:

Router(config)#host R4

R4(config)#int s1/2

R4(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.102.2 255.255.255.0

R4(config-if)#encap hdlc

R4(config-if)#no shut

R4(config-if)#

*Apr 21 17:11:09.087: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up

*Apr 21 17:11:10.091: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up

R4(config-if)#exit

R4(config)#router ospf 100

R4(config-router)#no router ospf 100

R4(config)#int s1/1

R4(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.103.1 255.255.255.0

R4(config-if)#clock rate 56000

R4(config)#

*Apr 21 17:12:34.627: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

*Apr 21 17:12:35.631: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

R4(config-router)#net 202.110.102.2 0.0.0.0 area 1

R4(config-router)#ne t

*Apr 21 17:12:57.895: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 202.110.102.1 on Serial1/2 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Do

% Incomplete command.

R4(config-router)#net 202.110.103.1 0.0.0.0 area 1

在R5上做:

Router(config)#host R5

R5(config)#int s1/1

R5(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.103.2 255.255.255.0

R5(config-if)#encap hdlc

R5(config-if)#no shut

R5(config-if)#

*Apr 21 17:14:26.439: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

*Apr 21 17:14:27.443: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/1, changed state to up

R5(config-if)#exit

R5(config)#int s1/2

R5(config-if)#ip addr 202.110.104.1 255.255.255.0

*Apr 21 17:14:57.911: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up

*Apr 21 17:14:58.915: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial1/2, changed state to up

R5(config)#router rip

R5(config-router)#net 202.110.104.0

R5(config-router)#ver2

R5(config-router)#no router rip

R5(config-router)#ver 2

R5(config-router)#exit

R5(config)#router ospf 100

R5(config-router)#net 202.110.103.2 0.0.0.0 area 1

由于不同路由协议间是不能通信的,所以必须要做路由的再发布,在边缘路由器上配置路由的再发布。

首先是R3上:

R3(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets

R3(config-router)#router rip

R3(config-router)#redistribute ospf 100 metric 3

R5上同理:

为了看到下面修改管理距离的清楚,我将发布的路由度量设置为相同的,假如都是3.

R5(config-router)#redis

R5(config-router)#redistribute rip subnets

R5(config-router)#router rip

R5(config-router)#redistribute ospf 100 metric 3

测试:在R5上测试路由是有左侧的rip环境学到的,还是有右边的ospf环境学到的。

R5#show ip ro

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

O E2 202.110.101.0/24 [110/20] via 202.110.103.1, 00:00:55, Serial1/1

O    202.110.102.0/24 [110/128] via 202.110.103.1, 00:00:55, Serial1/1

C    202.110.103.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1

C    202.110.104.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/2

显然我们能看出,R5上路由是通过右边的ospf环境学到的,下面我将通过修改管理距离改变路由的路径,这篇博文的精彩点是由这一刻开始的,还望耐心学习下去。

由于管理距离越小越好,所以人为将rip环境的管理距离设小一点,让R5学到的路由从rip学到,我们今天的任务就圆满成功了。

下面配置修改管理距离:

R3:

R3(config-router)#distance 150 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255  5 //匹配5号表

R3(config)#access-list 5 permit 202.110.101.0 0.0.0.255

R5上做修改:

R5(config-router)#distance 100 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 6//匹配6号表

R5(config)#access-list 6 permit 202.110.104.0 0.0.0.255

再在R5上测试看学习到的101网段的路由路径:

尚未完善,有待解决**********************************************************

     本文转自shenleigang 51CTO博客,原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/shenleigang/152038,如需转载请自行联系原作者

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