Silverlight C# 游戏开发：L5 3D基本的灯光

我们在设计和开发3D的时候最常用的就是灯光，它有的时候比摄像机还要重要，一些花哨漂亮的表现主要通过灯光实现，相比场景中只有一个的主要摄像机以外，灯光的类型和内容更加丰富，今天暂用小段时间一起研究一下Silverlight3D当中的灯光。下图是具体实现的预览效果：

在开始之前，需要了解一下基本的灯光类型，Balder3D里有三种灯光类型，分别是OmniLight、ViewLight、DirectionalLight，如果玩过3Dmax的朋友应该是相当的熟悉，这些光的表现形式组合构成了游戏世界的绚丽多彩，没有光的世界大家可以通过最后程序实验一下，看看会如何呢。

OmniLight:也称泛光灯或者点光，比较清楚理解，它就是一个点发出的光源

ViewLight:有了方向和目标，除了这个方向方位之内的都不会被照亮

DirectionalLight：是方向光，它是一个方向的照亮

具体内容可以参考下面的图片说明来理解他们，图片截取自3DMAX，资源来源于网络。

有一个好看的灯光，固然重要，但是我们要先学会如何控制它们，今次的代码比较多，涉及到了界面的操作，我将Lesson05代码全部贴上，我的建议还是下载源文件看比较好一些：）

首先新建Lesson05这个控件，XAML代码如下：（下述代码使用Blend工具制作生成）

Lesson05.xaml

<UserControl x:Class="Balder_Studio.Lesson05"

xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"

xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"

xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"

xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"

mc:Ignorable="d"

d:DesignHeight="300" d:DesignWidth="400">

</StackPanel>

</Grid>

</UserControl>

Lesson05.xaml.cs

using System;

using System.Windows.Threading;

using System.Windows.Controls;

using System.Windows.Media;

using Balder.Math;

using Balder.Objects.Geometries;

using Balder.View;

using Balder.Lighting;

using Balder.Execution;

namespace Balder_Studio

{

public partial class Lesson05 : UserControl

//选择的灯光

Light _SelectedLight = null;

public Lesson05()

InitializeComponent();

slider_axis_x.ValueChanged += new System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<double>(slider_axis_ValueChanged);

slider_axis_y.ValueChanged += new System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<double>(slider_axis_ValueChanged);

slider_axis_z.ValueChanged += new System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<double>(slider_axis_ValueChanged);

slider_Strength.ValueChanged += new System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<double>(slider_axis_ValueChanged);

slider_axis_x1.ValueChanged += new System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<double>(slider_Offset_ValueChanged);

slider_axis_y1.ValueChanged += new System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<double>(slider_Offset_ValueChanged);

slider_axis_z1.ValueChanged += new System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventHandler<double>(slider_Offset_ValueChanged);

OmniLight _OmniLight = new OmniLight();

ViewLight _ViewLight = new ViewLight();

DirectionalLight _DirectionalLight = new DirectionalLight() {Direction=new Coordinate(-1,-1,0) };

//设定在同一个默认位置

_OmniLight.Position = _ViewLight.Position = _DirectionalLight.Position = new Coordinate(0, 0, 0);

//最开始的时候都不会亮

_OmniLight.IsEnabled = _ViewLight.IsEnabled = _DirectionalLight.IsEnabled = false;

LightType.Items.Add(new TextBlock() { Text = "点光源", Tag = _OmniLight });

LightType.Items.Add(new TextBlock() { Text = "聚光源", Tag = _ViewLight });

LightType.Items.Add(new TextBlock() { Text = "方向光", Tag = _DirectionalLight });

LightType.SelectedIndex = 0;

LightType.SelectionChanged += new SelectionChangedEventHandler(LightType_SelectionChanged);

#region L1 - L4的代码

//L1

Game game = new Game() { Width = 600, Height = 400 };

game.Camera = new Camera();

game.Camera.Position = new Coordinate(100, 120, 150);

game.Camera.Target = new Coordinate(0, 0, 0);

#endregion

game.Children.Add(_OmniLight);

_OmniLight.IsEnabled = true;

_SelectedLight = _OmniLight;

game.Children.Add(_ViewLight);

game.Children.Add(_DirectionalLight);

//L3

Game_Axis axis_x = new Game_Axis(new Vertex(-300, 0, 0), new Vertex(300, 0, 0), Colors.Red);

Game_Axis axis_y = new Game_Axis(new Vertex(0, -300, 0), new Vertex(0, 300, 0), Colors.Blue);

Game_Axis axis_z = new Game_Axis(new Vertex(0, 0, -300), new Vertex(0, 0, 300), Colors.Green);

//L4

Balder.Objects.Geometries.Geometry group = new Balder.Objects.Geometries.Geometry() { Name = "MeshGroup" };

group.InteractionEnabled = true;

group.Children.Add(axis_x);

group.Children.Add(axis_y);

group.Children.Add(axis_z);

//L2

Mesh Teapot = new Mesh();

Teapot.Position = new Coordinate(0, 0, 0);

Teapot.AssetName = new Uri("/Balder_Studio;component/Res/teapot.ase", UriKind.Relative);

group.Children.Add(Teapot);

group.Children.Add(new Box() { Dimension = new Coordinate(10, 20, 30), Position = new Coordinate(100, 10, 0), Name = "MyBox" });

group.Children.Add(new Box() { Dimension = new Coordinate(10, 30, 10), Position = new Coordinate(10, 10, -100) });

game.Children.Add(group);

LayoutRoot.Children.Add(game);

}

#region 控制灯光的界面事件

void LightType_SelectionChanged(object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)

//选择一个新的光源之时

if (_SelectedLight != null)

_SelectedLight.IsEnabled = false;

_SelectedLight = ((LightType.SelectedItem as TextBlock).Tag as Light);

_SelectedLight.IsEnabled = true;

if (_SelectedLight is OmniLight)

LightExSetting.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Collapsed;

else

LightExSetting.Visibility = System.Windows.Visibility.Visible;

void slider_axis_ValueChanged(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventArgs<double> e)

axis_z.Text = ((int)slider_axis_z.Value).ToString();

_SelectedLight.Position.Z = slider_axis_z.Value;

axis_y.Text = ((int)slider_axis_y.Value).ToString();

_SelectedLight.Position.Y = slider_axis_y.Value;

axis_x.Text = ((int)slider_axis_x.Value).ToString();

_SelectedLight.Position.X = slider_axis_x.Value;

StrengthText.Text = slider_Strength.Value.ToString();

_SelectedLight.Strength = slider_Strength.Value;

void slider_Offset_ValueChanged(object sender, System.Windows.RoutedPropertyChangedEventArgs<double> e)

axis_z1.Text = ((int)slider_axis_z1.Value).ToString();

axis_y1.Text = ((int)slider_axis_y1.Value).ToString();

axis_x1.Text = ((int)slider_axis_x1.Value).ToString();

if (_SelectedLight is ViewLight)

var l = _SelectedLight as ViewLight;

l.XAngleOffset = slider_axis_x1.Value;

l.YAngleOffset = slider_axis_y1.Value;

l.ZAngleOffset = slider_axis_z1.Value;

var l = _SelectedLight as DirectionalLight;

var X = slider_axis_x1.Value / slider_axis_x1.Maximum;

var Y = slider_axis_y1.Value / slider_axis_y1.Maximum;

var Z = slider_axis_z1.Value / slider_axis_z1.Maximum;

l.Direction = new Coordinate(X, Y, Z);

我在其中加入了一些注释，希望有用：）细心的朋友可能会发现，这次没有讲解有关灯光颜色的问题，下次我专门写一篇有关颜色的部分，这样看起来更加直观，期望各位能够对Silverlight3D产生一些兴趣，加入这个开发方向上来。

本文转自nowpaper 51CTO博客，原文链接:http://blog.51cto.com/nowpaper/712291

Silverlight C# 游戏开发：L5 3D基本的灯光

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