Python编程：fnmatch匹配文件名

fnmatch提供了一种类似Unix shell-style风格的文件名匹配方式

匹配模式

*   匹配任何字符
?   匹配一个字符
[seq]   匹配在集合seq 中的任意字符
[!seq]  匹配不在集合seq 中的任意字符      

代码示例

import fnmatch


filenames = [
    "China.txt",
    "Japan.txt",
    "America.py",
    "Korea.conf",
]

# fnmatch 和 fnmatchcase 匹配文件，区别不太明显
for filename in filenames:
    if fnmatch.fnmatch(filename, '*.txt'):
        print(filename)
"""
China.txt
Japan.txt
"""

for filename in filenames:
    if fnmatch.fnmatchcase(filename, '*.txt'):
        print(filename)
"""
China.txt
Japan.txt
"""

# filter 过滤符合的文件
filenames = fnmatch.filter(filenames, "*.txt")
# 类似：[n for n in names if fnmatch(n, pattern)]

print(filenames)
# ['China.txt', 'Japan.txt']

# translate 翻译成re 正则表达式
print(fnmatch.translate("*.txt"))
# (?s:.*\.conf)\Z      

参考：

fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching