1. Tier-1 ISP 定义:
- A Regional Tier 1 ISP is an ISP that has access to the entire Internet Region solely via its free and reciprocal peering agreements, and it doesn't paytransit fees to anyone to reach any destination in the Internet Region。
Tier-1 ISP是这样一种ISP,它们可以访问互联网的任意角落,而不需要向任何人/单位缴纳任何费用。它们构成了互联网的骨干。一般负责国家级之间进行互连的ISP都是 Tier-1 ISP.
这些Tier-1 ISP 合在一起,被称为 "Tier-1 Club" 。
在中国,中国电信和中国网通/联通是 Tier-1 ISP.
2. Tier-2 ISP 定义:
- Tier-2 ISP is an Internet service provider who engages in the practice of peering with other networks, but who still purchases IP transit to reach some portion of the Internet.A tier-2 ISP is a customer of one or more tier-1 ISP.
Tier-2 ISP 可以建立自己的网络以便和其它网络互连并构成Internet的一部分,但是它们还必须向Tier-1 ISP 付费以便访问互联网的其它一些区域。
在中国,比如教育网、中国移动等属于 Tier-2 ISP。 它们有自己的网络,但是又需要支付一定的费用以便访问互联网的其它区域。
3. Tier-3 ISP
- A networks or ISP who solely purchase IP transit from other networks (typically Tier 2 networks) to reach the Internet.
它们完全购买流量以访问互联网。
![](https://img.laitimes.com/img/9ZDMuAjOiMmIsIjOiQnIsISNzQjMwITM5ADMxUDMzEDMy8CX0Vmbu4GZzNmLn9Gbi1yZtl2Lc9CX6MHc0RHaiojIsJye.jpg)
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附录: Tier-1 ISP列表
The U.S. Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In the U.S. the Tier 1 ISPs (aka "The Tier 1 Club") are:
- AT&T
- Verizon
- Sprint
- Century Link (Qwest)
- Level 3
- NTT/Verio
- Global Crossing
- Cogent (maybe?)
The Singapore Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Singapore the Tier 1 ISPs (aka "The Holy Trinity") are:
- SingTel
- StarHub
- Pacific Internet
The Japan Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Japan the Tier 1 ISPs are:
- NTT
- Softbank Broadband (Japan Telecom)
- KDDI
- IIJ
- Powered.com
The Hong Kong Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Hong Kong the Tier 1 ISPs are:
- PCCW
- PacNet (Asia Netcom)
- HKTelecom
- Reach **
The Australian Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Australia the Tier 1 ISPs (aka "The Gang of Four") are
- Telstra
- Optus (SingTel)
- OzeMail (Verizon)
- Connect.com (Telecom New Zealand)
The New Zealand Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In New Zealand the Tier 1 ISPs are
- Telecom New Zealand
- Telstra Clear
The China Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In China the Tier 1 ISPs are
- China Telecom
- China Unicom (China Netcom)
The Holland Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Holland the Tier 1 ISP is
- KPN
In the U.K. the Tier 1 ISP is
The U.K Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
- British Telecom
The Swedish Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Sweden the Tier 1 ISP is
- TeliaSonera
The Finnish Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Finland the Tier 1 ISP is
The Turkish Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Turkey the Tier 1 ISPs are
- Turkish Telecom
- Super Online
- Smile ADSL
The Indian Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In India the Tier 1 ISPs are
- Bharti
- Reliance
- Tata
- VSNL
The German Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Germany the Tier 1 ISP is
- Deutsche Telekom AG
The South African Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In South Africa the Tier 1 ISPs are
- Telekom South Africa
- MTN
- Vodacom
- Neotel
The Ghana Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Ghana the Tier 1 ISP is
- Ghana Telecom
The Spain Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In Spain the Tier 1 ISP is
- Telefonica
Across South America Telefonica has emerged as a dominant player although the Tier 1 status has not been confirmed.
The France Internet Region Tier 1 ISPs
In France the Tier 1 ISP is
- France Telecom