Android中ksoap2-android调用WebService 实现天气预报

Java本身提供丰富的Web Service支持，比如说sun公司制定的JAX-WS 2 规范，还有Apache开源组织所提供的Axis1，Axis2，CXF等，这些技术不仅可以用于方便的对外提供Web Service，也可以用于简化Web Service的客户端编程。WebService是一种基于SOAP协议的远程调用标准，对于这个协议理解不深，知道webservice可以将不同操作系统平台、不同语言、不同技术整合到一块，android SDK没有直接调用webservice的库，最常用的是借助ksoap2-android这个第三方SDK。

对于手机等小型设备，他们的计算资源，存储资源都十分有限，因此android应用不大可能需要对外提供Web Service，Android应用通常只是充当Web Service的客户端，调用远程Web Service。

Google为Android平台开发Web Service客户端提供了ksoap2-android项目。下载ksoap2-android，点击这里下载jar包http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/。

将下载好的JAR包添加到项目中的lib目录下，就可以借助ksoap2-android项目来调用Web Service所暴露的操作。

使用ksoap2-android调用Web Service操作的步骤如下：

1.创建HttpTransportSE传输对象：HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL); SERVICE_URL是webservice提供服务的url

2.使用SOAP1.1协议创建Envelop对象：SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); 设置SOAP协议的版本号，根据服务端WebService的版本号设置。

3.实例化SoapObject对象：SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NAMESPACE, methodName); 第一个参数表示WebService的命名空间，可以从WSDL文档中找到WebService的命名空间。第二个参数表示要调用的WebService方法名。

4.设置调用方法的参数值，如果没有参数，可以省略：例如soapObject.addProperty("theCityCode", cityName);

5.记得设置bodyout属性 envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;

6.调用webservice：ht.call(SERVICE_NAMESPACE+methodName, envelope);

7.获取服务器响应返回的SOAP消息：

SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;

SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(methodName+"Result");

在开发天气预报的应用之前，首先需要找到一个可以对外提供天气预报的Web Service,暂且使用网络免费的WebService这个可以http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx

Android中ksoap2-android调用WebService 实现天气预报

访问http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx?wsdl，可以看到WSDL文档。

Android中ksoap2-android调用WebService 实现天气预报

通过WSDL文档可以查看到调用Web Service的必要信息。

本程序主要需要调用如下三个Web Service操作：

1.获取省份

2.根据省份获取城市

3.根据城市获取天气

/**
 *
 */
package org.crazyit.net;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.FutureTask;

import org.ksoap2.SoapEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapSerializationEnvelope;
import org.ksoap2.transport.HttpTransportSE;

public class WebServiceUtil
{
	// 定义Web Service的命名空间
	static final String SERVICE_NS = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
	// 定义Web Service提供服务的URL
	static final String SERVICE_URL =
		"http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWS.asmx";

	// 调用远程Web Service获取省份列表
	public static List<String> getProvinceList()
	{
		// 调用的方法
		final String methodName = "getRegionProvince";
		// 创建HttpTransportSE传输对象
		final HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
		ht.debug = true;
		// 使用SOAP1.1协议创建Envelop对象
		final SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = 
			new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
		// 实例化SoapObject对象
		SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName);
		envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;
		// 设置与.Net提供的Web Service保持较好的兼容性
		envelope.dotNet = true;		
		FutureTask<List<String>> task = new FutureTask<List<String>>(
		new Callable<List<String>>()
		{
			@Override
			public List<String> call() 
				throws Exception
			{
				// 调用Web Service
				ht.call(SERVICE_NS + methodName, envelope);
				if (envelope.getResponse() != null)
				{
					// 获取服务器响应返回的SOAP消息
					SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
					SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(
						methodName + "Result");
					// 解析服务器响应的SOAP消息。
					return parseProvinceOrCity(detail);
				}
				return null;
			}
		});
		new Thread(task).start();
		try
		{
			return task.get();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	// 根据省份获取城市列表
	public static List<String> getCityListByProvince(String province)
	{
		// 调用的方法
		final String methodName = "getSupportCityString";
		// 创建HttpTransportSE传输对象
		final HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
		ht.debug = true;
		// 实例化SoapObject对象
		SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName);
		// 添加一个请求参数
		soapObject.addProperty("theRegionCode", province);
		// 使用SOAP1.1协议创建Envelop对象
		final SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = 
			new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
		envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;
		// 设置与.Net提供的Web Service保持较好的兼容性
		envelope.dotNet = true;
		FutureTask<List<String>> task = new FutureTask<List<String>>(
		new Callable<List<String>>()
		{
			@Override
			public List<String> call() 
				throws Exception
			{
				// 调用Web Service
				ht.call(SERVICE_NS + methodName, envelope);
				if (envelope.getResponse() != null)
				{
					// 获取服务器响应返回的SOAP消息
					SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
					SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(
						methodName + "Result");
					// 解析服务器响应的SOAP消息。
					return parseProvinceOrCity(detail);
				}
				return null;
			}
		});
		new Thread(task).start();
		try
		{
			return task.get();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}

	private static List<String> parseProvinceOrCity(SoapObject detail)
	{
		ArrayList<String> result = new ArrayList<String>();
		for (int i = 0; i < detail.getPropertyCount(); i++)
		{
			// 解析出每个省份
			result.add(detail.getProperty(i).toString().split(",")[0]);
		}
		return result;
	}

	public static SoapObject getWeatherByCity(String cityName)
	{
		final String methodName = "getWeather";
		final HttpTransportSE ht = new HttpTransportSE(SERVICE_URL);
		ht.debug = true;
		final SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = 
			new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
		SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(SERVICE_NS, methodName);
		soapObject.addProperty("theCityCode", cityName);
		envelope.bodyOut = soapObject;
		// 设置与.Net提供的Web Service保持较好的兼容性
		envelope.dotNet = true;
		FutureTask<SoapObject> task = new FutureTask<SoapObject>(
		new Callable<SoapObject>()
		{
			@Override
			public SoapObject call() 
				throws Exception
			{
				ht.call(SERVICE_NS + methodName, envelope);
				SoapObject result = (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
				SoapObject detail = (SoapObject) result.getProperty(
					methodName + "Result");
				return detail;
			}
		});
		new Thread(task).start();
		try
		{
			return task.get();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return null;
	}
}

上面程序调用Web Service时将SoapSerializationEnvelope对象的dotNet属性设为true，因为上面这个网址是通过.NET来对外提供Web Service 的，因此需要将属性设为true。有了上面的工具类之后，接下来可以在Activity中使用该工具类来获取天气服务信息。该Activity使用了两个Spinner让用户选择省份，城市，当用户选择指定城市后，系统将会加载该程序的天气信息。

该程序的界面布局代码如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="vertical" >

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="@string/province" />
        <!-- 让用户选择省份的Spinner -->

        <Spinner
            android:id="@+id/province"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <TextView
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:hint="@string/city" />
        <!-- 让用户选择城市的Spinner -->

        <Spinner
            android:id="@+id/city"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
    </LinearLayout>
    <!-- 显示今天天气的图片和文本框 -->

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/todayWhIcon1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/todayWhIcon2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/weatherToday"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </LinearLayout>
    <!-- 显示明天天气的图片和文本框 -->

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/tomorrowWhIcon1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/tomorrowWhIcon2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/weatherTomorrow"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </LinearLayout>
    <!-- 显示后天天气的图片和文本框 -->

    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/afterdayWhIcon1"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <ImageView
            android:id="@+id/afterdayWhIcon2"
            android:layout_width="wrap_content"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

        <TextView
            android:id="@+id/weatherAfterday"
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_weight="1" />
    </LinearLayout>

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/weatherCurrent"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content" />

</LinearLayout>

Activity的代码如下：

package org.crazyit.net;

import java.util.List;

import org.crazyit.net.R;
import org.ksoap2.serialization.SoapObject;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.Spinner;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener;

public class MyWeather extends Activity
{
	private Spinner provinceSpinner;
	private Spinner citySpinner;
	private ImageView todayWhIcon1;
	private ImageView todayWhIcon2;
	private TextView textWeatherToday;
	private ImageView tomorrowWhIcon1;
	private ImageView tomorrowWhIcon2;
	private TextView textWeatherTomorrow;
	private ImageView afterdayWhIcon1;
	private ImageView afterdayWhIcon2;
	private TextView textWeatherAfterday;
	private TextView textWeatherCurrent;

	@Override
	public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
	{
		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
		setContentView(R.layout.main);

		todayWhIcon1 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.todayWhIcon1);
		todayWhIcon2 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.todayWhIcon2);
		textWeatherToday = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.weatherToday);
		tomorrowWhIcon1 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tomorrowWhIcon1);
		tomorrowWhIcon2 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.tomorrowWhIcon2);
		textWeatherTomorrow = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.weatherTomorrow);
		afterdayWhIcon1 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.afterdayWhIcon1);
		afterdayWhIcon2 = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.afterdayWhIcon2);
		textWeatherAfterday = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.weatherAfterday);
		textWeatherCurrent = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.weatherCurrent);

		// 获取程序界面中选择省份、城市的Spinner组件
		provinceSpinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.province);
		citySpinner = (Spinner) findViewById(R.id.city);
		// 调用远程Web Service获取省份列表
		List<String> provinces = WebServiceUtil.getProvinceList();
		ListAdapter adapter = new ListAdapter(this, provinces);
		// 使用Spinner显示省份列表
		provinceSpinner.setAdapter(adapter);
		// 当省份Spinner的选择项被改变时
		provinceSpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener()
		{
			@Override
			public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> source, View parent,
				int position, long id)
			{
				List<String> cities = WebServiceUtil
					.getCityListByProvince(provinceSpinner.getSelectedItem()
						.toString());
				ListAdapter cityAdapter = new ListAdapter(MyWeather.this,
					cities);
				// 使用Spinner显示城市列表
				citySpinner.setAdapter(cityAdapter);
			}

			@Override
			public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0)
			{
			}
		});
		// 当城市Spinner的选择项被改变时
		citySpinner.setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener()
		{
			@Override
			public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> source, View parent,
				int position, long id)
			{
				showWeather(citySpinner.getSelectedItem().toString());
			}

			@Override
			public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0)
			{
			}
		});
	}

	private void showWeather(String city)
	{
		String weatherToday = null;
		String weatherTomorrow = null;
		String weatherAfterday = null;
		String weatherCurrent = null;
		int iconToday[] = new int[2];
		int iconTomorrow[] = new int[2];
		int iconAfterday[] = new int[2];
		// 获取远程Web Service返回的对象
		SoapObject detail = WebServiceUtil.getWeatherByCity(city);
		// 获取天气实况
		weatherCurrent = detail.getProperty(4).toString();
		// 解析今天的天气情况
		String date = detail.getProperty(7).toString();
		weatherToday = "今天：" + date.split(" ")[0];
		weatherToday = weatherToday + "\n天气：" + date.split(" ")[1];
		weatherToday = weatherToday + "\n气温："
			+ detail.getProperty(8).toString();
		weatherToday = weatherToday + "\n风力："
			+ detail.getProperty(9).toString() + "\n";
		iconToday[0] = parseIcon(detail.getProperty(10).toString());
		iconToday[1] = parseIcon(detail.getProperty(11).toString());
		// 解析明天的天气情况
		date = detail.getProperty(12).toString();
		weatherTomorrow = "明天：" + date.split(" ")[0];
		weatherTomorrow = weatherTomorrow + "\n天气：" + date.split(" ")[1];
		weatherTomorrow = weatherTomorrow + "\n气温："
			+ detail.getProperty(13).toString();
		weatherTomorrow = weatherTomorrow + "\n风力："
			+ detail.getProperty(14).toString() + "\n";
		iconTomorrow[0] = parseIcon(detail.getProperty(15).toString());
		iconTomorrow[1] = parseIcon(detail.getProperty(16).toString());
		// 解析后天的天气情况
		date = detail.getProperty(17).toString();
		weatherAfterday = "后天：" + date.split(" ")[0];
		weatherAfterday = weatherAfterday + "\n天气：" + date.split(" ")[1];
		weatherAfterday = weatherAfterday + "\n气温："
			+ detail.getProperty(18).toString();
		weatherAfterday = weatherAfterday + "\n风力："
			+ detail.getProperty(19).toString() + "\n";
		iconAfterday[0] = parseIcon(detail.getProperty(20).toString());
		iconAfterday[1] = parseIcon(detail.getProperty(21).toString());
		// 更新当天的天气实况
		textWeatherCurrent.setText(weatherCurrent);
		// 更新显示今天天气的图标和文本框
		textWeatherToday.setText(weatherToday);
		todayWhIcon1.setImageResource(iconToday[0]);
		todayWhIcon2.setImageResource(iconToday[1]);
		// 更新显示明天天气的图标和文本框
		textWeatherTomorrow.setText(weatherTomorrow);
		tomorrowWhIcon1.setImageResource(iconTomorrow[0]);
		tomorrowWhIcon2.setImageResource(iconTomorrow[1]);
		// 更新显示后天天气的图标和文本框
		textWeatherAfterday.setText(weatherAfterday);
		afterdayWhIcon1.setImageResource(iconAfterday[0]);
		afterdayWhIcon2.setImageResource(iconAfterday[1]);
	}

	// 工具方法，该方法负责把返回的天气图标字符串，转换为程序的图片资源ID。
	private int parseIcon(String strIcon)
	{
		if (strIcon == null)
			return -1;
		if ("0.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_0;
		if ("1.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_1;
		if ("2.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_2;
		if ("3.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_3;
		if ("4.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_4;
		if ("5.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_5;
		if ("6.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_6;
		if ("7.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_7;
		if ("8.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_8;
		if ("9.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_9;
		if ("10.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_10;
		if ("11.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_11;
		if ("12.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_12;
		if ("13.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_13;
		if ("14.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_14;
		if ("15.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_15;
		if ("16.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_16;
		if ("17.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_17;
		if ("18.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_18;
		if ("19.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_19;
		if ("20.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_20;
		if ("21.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_21;
		if ("22.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_22;
		if ("23.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_23;
		if ("24.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_24;
		if ("25.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_25;
		if ("26.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_26;
		if ("27.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_27;
		if ("28.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_28;
		if ("29.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_29;
		if ("30.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_30;
		if ("31.gif".equals(strIcon))
			return R.drawable.a_31;
		return 0;
	}
}

上面的Activity代码只是简单的调用Web Service操作，解析Web Service返回的SOAP消息包，并把SOAP消息包中的数据显示出来。

注意，android sdk 4.0版本不能运行，目前也不知道原因。低于4.0版本的可以

下载Demo代码点击此处

http://download.csdn.net/detail/wtyvhreal/8168417

Android中ksoap2-android调用WebService 实现天气预报

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