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Spring PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer 自定义扩展

Spring中PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer这个类,它是用来解析Java Properties属性文件值,并提供在spring配置期间替换使用属性值。接下来让我们逐渐的深入其配置。

基本的使用方法是:

<bean id="propertyConfigurerForAnalysis"   
          class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">    
        <property name="location">    
            <value>classpath:/spring/include/dbQuery.properties</value>    
        </property>    
    </bean> 
           

其中classpath是引用src目录下的文件写法。

当存在多个Properties文件时,配置就需使用locations了:(2)

<bean id="propertyConfigurer"   
          class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">    
        <property name="locations">    
           <list>    
              <value>classpath:/spring/include/jdbc-parms.properties</value>    
              <value>classpath:/spring/include/base-config.properties</value>    
            </list>    
        </property>    
    </bean>
           

接下来我们要使用多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer来分散配置,达到整合多工程下的多个分散的Properties文件,其配置如下:(3)

<bean id="propertyConfigurerForProject1"   
          class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">    
        <property name="order" value="1" />    
        <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />   
        <property name="locations">    
          <list>     
            <value>classpath:/spring/include/dbQuery.properties</value>       
          </list>  
        </property>     
    </bean>    

    <bean id="propertyConfigurerForProject2"   
          class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">     
        <property name="order" value="2" />     
        <property name="ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders" value="true" />     
        <property name="locations">     
          <list>     
            <value>classpath:/spring/include/jdbc-parms.properties</value>     
            <value>classpath:/spring/include/base-config.properties</value>     
          </list>     
        </property>     
    </bean>  
           

其中order属性代表其加载的顺序,如果没有设置就按照加载xml文件时的顺序,而ignoreUnresolvablePlaceholders为是否忽略不可解析的Placeholder,如果配置了多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer,则该属性必须设置且为true,否则propertyConfigurerForProject2的properties文件不会被加载.

至此你已经了解到了如何使用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer,如何使用多个Properties文件,以及如何配置多个PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer来分解工程中分散的Properties文件。至于PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer还有更多的扩展应用,如属性文件加密解密等方法将在之后的博文中续写。

注意事项:

(1)如果上面的dbQuery.properties与jdbc-parms.properties文件中有相同的参数配置名称,dbQuery.properties中配置的参数值不会被后面的覆盖;

(2)如果jdbc-parms.properties,base-config.properties彼此有相同参数名配置,jdbc-parms.properties中的配置的值会被覆盖;

自定义扩展PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer实现

例如:配置文件的路径,需要动态确定的,就需要自己扩展PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的实现,自己获取文件路径,load properties文件,然后将load后的properties加入PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer

package com.common.spring.ext;  

    import java.util.Properties;  
    import java.util.Set;  

    import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer;  

    import com.common.exception.ApplicationException;  
    import com.common.util.GlobalProperties;  
    import com.common.util.PropertiesUtil;  


    public class GollfPropertyPlaceholderConfigurer extends PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer {  

        public void setGollfPropFiles(Set<String> gollfPropFiles) {  
            String propPath = GlobalProperties.getProperty(GlobalProperties.PROPERTIES_FOLDER_PATH); //通过其他配置获取路径  
            String fileSeparator = System.getProperty("file.separator");  

            Properties properties = new Properties();  
            for (String gollfPropFile : gollfPropFiles) {  

                String nodeName = System.getProperty("weblogic.Name");  
                gollfPropFile = gollfPropFile.replaceAll("\\[NODE_NAME\\]", nodeName); //NODE_NAME 是根据不同weblogic server确定  

                String file = propPath + fileSeparator + gollfPropFile;  

                try {  
                    logger.info("Loading properites file from " + file);  
                    Properties prop = PropertiesUtil.loadProperties(file); //返回properties文件  
                    logger.debug("Properties -> " + prop);  
                    if(prop != null) {  
                        properties.putAll(prop);  
                    }  
                } catch (Exception e) {  
                    logger.fatal(new ApplicationException("Properties file " + gollfPropFile +   
                " cannot be found. All related functionalities may be unavailable", e, true));  
                }  
            }  

            this.setProperties(properties); //关键方法,调用的PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer中的方法,  
                       //通过这个方法将自定义加载的properties文件加入spring中  
        }  

    }  
           

xml配置

<bean id="auditJmsProperties"   
          class="com.common.spring.ext.GollfPropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">  
           <property name="gollfPropFiles">  
               <set>  
                   <value>[NODE_NAME]_jms.properties</value>  
               </set>  
           </property>  
       </bean>  
           

PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer中加载properties文件时,实际调用的:org.springframework.core.io.support.PropertiesLoaderSupport中的mergeProperties

Spring源码

protected Properties mergeProperties() throws IOException {  
      Properties result = new Properties();  

      if (this.localOverride) {  
       // Load properties from file upfront, to let local properties override.  
       loadProperties(result);  
      }  

      if (this.localProperties != null) {  
       for (Properties localProp : this.localProperties) {  
           //将用户自定义加载的属性值,与spring加载的合并  
           CollectionUtils.mergePropertiesIntoMap(localProp, result);   
         }  
      }  

      if (!this.localOverride) {  
       // Load properties from file afterwards, to let those properties override.  
       loadProperties(result);  
      }  

      return result;  
     }
           

将多个properties文件中的配置加载以后合并成一个Properties对象返回.

上面的this.setProperties(properties)方法,就是设置localProperties的引用,localProperties不为空的话,将用户自定义加载的properties属性合并到Spring加载的result Properties对象中

localOverride参数:为true的话,表示用户自定义加载的属性值覆盖spring系统加载的,如果同名的话.

自定义使用注意:用户自定义方法的调用务必在spring 初始化调用PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer的mergeProperties()方法之前调用,否则配置文件就没有合并.一般就set值的时候调用.