C#中用Odbc操作DBF

using  System;

using  System.Drawing;

using  System.Collections;

using  System.ComponentModel;

using  System.Windows.Forms;

using  System.Data;

using  System.Data.Odbc;

using  System.Threading;

namespace  test

... {

    /// <summary>

    /// HR_Form_PersonnelExportDBF 的摘要描述。

    /// </summary>

    public class HR_Form_PersonnelExportDBF : System.Windows.Forms.Form  

    ...{

        private System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox groupBox1;

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnOpen;

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnExit;

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnSave;

        private System.Windows.Forms.FolderBrowserDialog folderBrowserDialog1;

        System.Windows.Forms.BindingManagerBase myBind;

        /// <summary>

        /// 文件名(不包含扩展名)

        /// </summary>

        private string _FileName="r_da";

        /// <summary>

        /// 文件路径

        /// </summary>

        private string _FilePath="";

        /// <summary>

        /// 连接字符串

        /// </summary>

        private string _myStrConnection;

        /// <summary>

        /// select语句

        /// </summary>

        private string _myStrSelect;

        OdbcDataAdapter _myAdapter;

        OdbcConnection _myconn;

        DataSet myDataSet=new DataSet();

        private System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid dataGrid1;

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnCreate;

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnCopy;

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnInsert;

        private System.Windows.Forms.Button btnDelete;

        /// <summary>

        /// 設計工具所需的變數。

        /// </summary>

        private System.ComponentModel.Container components = null;

        public HR_Form_PersonnelExportDBF()

        ...{

            InitializeComponent();

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 清除任何使用中的資源。

        /// </summary>

        protected override void Dispose( bool disposing )

        ...{

            if( disposing )

            ...{

                if(components != null)

                ...{

                    components.Dispose();

                }

            }

            base.Dispose( disposing );

        }

        Windows Form 設計工具產生的程式碼#region Windows Form 設計工具產生的程式碼

        /// <summary>

        /// 此為設計工具支援所必須的方法 - 請勿使用程式碼編輯器修改

        /// 這個方法的內容。

        /// </summary>

        private void InitializeComponent()

        ...{

            this.groupBox1 = new System.Windows.Forms.GroupBox();

            this.btnDelete = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

            this.btnInsert = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

            this.btnCopy = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

            this.btnCreate = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

            this.dataGrid1 = new System.Windows.Forms.DataGrid();

            this.btnOpen = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

            this.btnExit = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

            this.btnSave = new System.Windows.Forms.Button();

            this.folderBrowserDialog1 = new System.Windows.Forms.FolderBrowserDialog();

            this.groupBox1.SuspendLayout();

            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid1)).BeginInit();

            this.SuspendLayout();

            // 

            // groupBox1

            // 

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btnDelete);

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btnInsert);

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btnCopy);

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btnCreate);

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.dataGrid1);

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btnOpen);

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btnExit);

            this.groupBox1.Controls.Add(this.btnSave);

            this.groupBox1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Fill;

            this.groupBox1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(0, 0);

            this.groupBox1.Name = "groupBox1";

            this.groupBox1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(520, 325);

            this.groupBox1.TabIndex = 44;

            this.groupBox1.TabStop = false;

            // 

            // btnDelete

            // 

            this.btnDelete.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));

            this.btnDelete.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Popup;

            this.btnDelete.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("SimSun", 11.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));

            this.btnDelete.ImeMode = System.Windows.Forms.ImeMode.NoControl;

            this.btnDelete.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(232, 280);

            this.btnDelete.Name = "btnDelete";

            this.btnDelete.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 32);

            this.btnDelete.TabIndex = 48;

            this.btnDelete.Text = "&Delete";

            this.btnDelete.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnDelete_Click);

            // 

            // btnInsert

            // 

            this.btnInsert.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));

            this.btnInsert.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Popup;

            this.btnInsert.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("SimSun", 11.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));

            this.btnInsert.ImeMode = System.Windows.Forms.ImeMode.NoControl;

            this.btnInsert.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(160, 280);

            this.btnInsert.Name = "btnInsert";

            this.btnInsert.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 32);

            this.btnInsert.TabIndex = 47;

            this.btnInsert.Text = "&Insert";

            this.btnInsert.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnInsert_Click);

            // 

            // btnCopy

            // 

            this.btnCopy.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));

            this.btnCopy.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Popup;

            this.btnCopy.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("SimSun", 11.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));

            this.btnCopy.ImeMode = System.Windows.Forms.ImeMode.NoControl;

            this.btnCopy.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(368, 280);

            this.btnCopy.Name = "btnCopy";

            this.btnCopy.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 32);

            this.btnCopy.TabIndex = 46;

            this.btnCopy.Text = "&Copy";

            this.btnCopy.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnCopy_Click);

            // 

            // btnCreate

            // 

            this.btnCreate.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));

            this.btnCreate.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Popup;

            this.btnCreate.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("SimSun", 11.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));

            this.btnCreate.ImeMode = System.Windows.Forms.ImeMode.NoControl;

            this.btnCreate.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(16, 280);

            this.btnCreate.Name = "btnCreate";

            this.btnCreate.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 32);

            this.btnCreate.TabIndex = 45;

            this.btnCreate.Text = "&Create";

            this.btnCreate.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnCreate_Click);

            // 

            // dataGrid1

            // 

            this.dataGrid1.DataMember = "";

            this.dataGrid1.Dock = System.Windows.Forms.DockStyle.Top;

            this.dataGrid1.HeaderForeColor = System.Drawing.SystemColors.ControlText;

            this.dataGrid1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(3, 18);

            this.dataGrid1.Name = "dataGrid1";

            this.dataGrid1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(514, 246);

            this.dataGrid1.TabIndex = 44;

            // 

            // btnOpen

            // 

            this.btnOpen.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));

            this.btnOpen.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Popup;

            this.btnOpen.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("SimSun", 11.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));

            this.btnOpen.ImeMode = System.Windows.Forms.ImeMode.NoControl;

            this.btnOpen.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(88, 280);

            this.btnOpen.Name = "btnOpen";

            this.btnOpen.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 32);

            this.btnOpen.TabIndex = 0;

            this.btnOpen.Text = "&Open";

            this.btnOpen.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnOpen_Click);

            // 

            // btnExit

            // 

            this.btnExit.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));

            this.btnExit.DialogResult = System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.Cancel;

            this.btnExit.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Popup;

            this.btnExit.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("SimSun", 11.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));

            this.btnExit.ImeMode = System.Windows.Forms.ImeMode.NoControl;

            this.btnExit.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(440, 280);

            this.btnExit.Name = "btnExit";

            this.btnExit.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 32);

            this.btnExit.TabIndex = 43;

            this.btnExit.Text = "E&xit";

            this.btnExit.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnExit_Click);

            // 

            // btnSave

            // 

            this.btnSave.Anchor = ((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles)((System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Bottom | System.Windows.Forms.AnchorStyles.Left)));

            this.btnSave.FlatStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FlatStyle.Popup;

            this.btnSave.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("SimSun", 11.25F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Regular, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0)));

            this.btnSave.ImeMode = System.Windows.Forms.ImeMode.NoControl;

            this.btnSave.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(296, 280);

            this.btnSave.Name = "btnSave";

            this.btnSave.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(64, 32);

            this.btnSave.TabIndex = 1;

            this.btnSave.Text = "&Save";

            this.btnSave.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.btnSave_Click);

            // 

            // HR_Form_PersonnelExportDBF

            // 

            this.AutoScaleBaseSize = new System.Drawing.Size(5, 15);

            this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(520, 325);

            this.Controls.Add(this.groupBox1);

            this.Name = "HR_Form_PersonnelExportDBF";

            this.Text = "C#操作DBF";

            this.groupBox1.ResumeLayout(false);

            ((System.ComponentModel.ISupportInitialize)(this.dataGrid1)).EndInit();

            this.ResumeLayout(false);

        }

        #endregion

        [STAThread] 

　　    static void Main() 

　　    ...{ 

            Application.Run(new HR_Form_PersonnelExportDBF()); 

　　    }

        private void btnExit_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        ...{

            this.Close();

        }

        private void btnCreate_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        ...{

            //数据库连接

            this._myStrConnection=@"Driver={Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver};SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:;Exclusive=Yes;";

            using(_myconn = new OdbcConnection(this._myStrConnection))

            ...{

                _myconn.Open();

                //生成的dbf文件存放在應用程序所在目錄下,而不是指定的目錄(C:)下,需要手工去複製到指定的目錄

                this._FileName="r_da";

                using(OdbcCommand comm=new OdbcCommand("create table "+this._FileName+"(da_gh c(7) UNIQUE,da_xm c(8)",_myconn))

                ...{

                    int a=comm.ExecuteNonQuery();//返回值為-1

                }

            }

        }

        private void btnOpen_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        ...{

            //数据库连接

            this._myStrConnection=@"Driver={Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver};SourceType=DBF;SourceDB="+Application.StartupPath+";Exclusive=Yes;";

            _myconn = new OdbcConnection(this._myStrConnection);

            _myconn.Open();

            this._myStrSelect="SELECT da_gh,da_xm FROM " + this._FileName;

            this._myAdapter = new OdbcDataAdapter(this._myStrSelect,_myconn);

//            OdbcCommandBuilder commandbuilder = new OdbcCommandBuilder(_myAdapter);

            this.setDataAdapter(this._myAdapter);

            //填充数据集

            _myAdapter.Fill(this.myDataSet,this._FileName);

            this.dataGrid1.DataSource=this.myDataSet.Tables[this._FileName].DefaultView;

            this.myBind=this.BindingContext[this.dataGrid1.DataSource];

        }

        private void setDataAdapter(OdbcDataAdapter dataAdapter)

        ...{

            string field;

            OdbcParameter para;

            //參數的設定參考了以下文章

            //http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/cht/default.asp?url=/library/CHT/cpguide/html/cpconupdatingdatabasewithdataadapterdataset.asp

            //http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/cht/default.asp?url=/library/CHT/cpguide/html/cpconusingparameterswithdataadapters.asp

            //insertCommand

            dataAdapter.InsertCommand=new OdbcCommand("insert into "+this._FileName+"(da_gh,da_xm) values(?,?)",this._myconn);

            field="da_gh";

            para=dataAdapter.InsertCommand.Parameters.Add(new OdbcParameter("@"+field,System.Data.Odbc.OdbcType.NVarChar));

            para.SourceColumn=field;

            field="da_xm";

            para=dataAdapter.InsertCommand.Parameters.Add(new OdbcParameter("@"+field,System.Data.Odbc.OdbcType.NVarChar));

            para.SourceColumn=field;

            //updateCommand

            dataAdapter.UpdateCommand=new OdbcCommand("update "+this._FileName+" set da_xm=? where da_gh=?",this._myconn);

            field="da_gh";

            para=dataAdapter.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add(new OdbcParameter("@"+field,System.Data.Odbc.OdbcType.NVarChar));

            para.SourceColumn=field;

            para.SourceVersion=DataRowVersion.Original;

            field="da_xm";

            para=dataAdapter.UpdateCommand.Parameters.Add(new OdbcParameter("@"+field,System.Data.Odbc.OdbcType.NVarChar));

            para.SourceColumn=field;

            //deleteCommand

            dataAdapter.DeleteCommand=new OdbcCommand("delete from "+this._FileName+" where da_gh=?",this._myconn);

            field="da_gh";

            para=dataAdapter.DeleteCommand.Parameters.Add(new OdbcParameter("@"+field,System.Data.Odbc.OdbcType.NVarChar));

            para.SourceColumn=field;

            para.SourceVersion=DataRowVersion.Original;

        }

        private void btnInsert_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        ...{

            if(this.myBind!=null)

            ...{

                int row=this.myDataSet.Tables[this._FileName].Rows.Count;

                DataRow dr=this.myDataSet.Tables[this._FileName].NewRow();

                dr["da_gh"]="b3"+row.ToString().PadLeft(5,'0');

                dr["da_xm"]="張三"+row.ToString().PadLeft(4,'0');

                this.myDataSet.Tables[this._FileName].Rows.Add(dr);

            }

        }

        private void btnDelete_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        ...{

            if(this.myBind!=null && this.myBind.Count>0)

                (this.myBind.Current as DataRowView).Delete();

        }

        private void btnSave_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        ...{

            if(_myconn.State==ConnectionState.Closed)

                _myconn.Open();

            this._myAdapter.Update(this.myDataSet,this._FileName);

        }

        private void btnCopy_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)

        ...{

            選擇存放文件的路徑,並複製表結構到此路徑#region 選擇存放文件的路徑,並複製表結構到此路徑

            this.Cursor=Cursors.WaitCursor;

            if(this.folderBrowserDialog1.ShowDialog()==DialogResult.OK)

            ...{

                if(folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath.Trim().Substring(folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath.Trim().Length)!="/")

                    folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath=folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath.Trim()+"/";

                this._FilePath=folderBrowserDialog1.SelectedPath;

                string sourceFile_Dbf=Application.StartupPath+"/"+this._FileName+".dbf";

                string sourceFile_Cdx=Application.StartupPath+"/"+this._FileName+".cdx";

                string destFile_Dbf=this._FilePath+this._FileName+".dbf";

                string destFile_Cdx=this._FilePath+this._FileName+".cdx";

                if(System.IO.File.Exists(sourceFile_Dbf) && System.IO.File.Exists(sourceFile_Cdx))

                ...{

                    System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile_Dbf,destFile_Dbf,true);

                    System.IO.File.Copy(sourceFile_Cdx,destFile_Cdx,true);

                }    

                else

                    throw new Exception("結構文件不存在或不完整!");

            }

            this.Cursor=Cursors.Default;

            #endregion

        }

    }

}

有兩個問題:

1.創建dbf(btnCreate_Click事件)時錯誤:

類型 'System.Data.Odbc.OdbcException' 的未處理例外狀況發生於 system.data.dll

其他資訊: 系統錯誤。

2.在讀取已經存在的dbf到DataSet中后,刪除記錄后,按"Save"按鈕保存數據ok;但當修改了記錄或插入新記錄后,保存數據時出錯誤:

1.創建dbf(btnCreate_Click事件)時錯誤:

類型 'System.Data.Odbc.OdbcException' 的未處理例外狀況發生於 system.data.dll

其他資訊: 系統錯誤。