超实用，百行Python代码制作动态树地图

今日表情?

树地图(tree map)是一种适用于显示大量分层结构的数据，它是饼状图的一种高维度替代者，可以用面积直观显示各个部分的占比。

先上图片：

再上视频：

最后上代码：

import numpy as np 
import pandas as pd 
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.animation as  animation 

import imageio
import os 
import cv2
from PIL import Image
import squarify


cmap = [
'#2E91E5',
'#1CA71C',
'#DA16FF',
'#B68100',
'#EB663B',
'#00A08B',
'#FC0080',
'#6C7C32',
'#862A16',
'#620042',
'#DA60CA',
'#0D2A63']*100

plt.rcParams['animation.writer'] = 'html'
plt.rcParams['font.family'] = ['sans-serif']
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False

def html_to_gif(html_file, gif_file, duration=0.1):
    path = html_file.replace(".html","_frames")
    images = [os.path.join(path,x) for x in sorted(os.listdir(path))]
    frames = [imageio.imread(x) for x in images]
    imageio.mimsave(gif_file, frames, 'gif', duration=duration)
    return gif_file


df = pd.read_csv('./data/gdp_china_1993_2019.csv')
df["date"] = [str(x) for x in df["date"]]
df = df.set_index("date")
df.columns = [x if "自治区" not in x else x[0:2] for x in df.columns]
df = df.sort_values("2019",axis = 1,ascending=False)

figsize = (8,6)
dpi = 160
title = "中国大陆各省份历年GDP"
n_visible = 31 

def treemap_dance(df,filename = None,
    title = "中国大陆各省份历年GDP",figsize = (8,6),dpi = 120,duration = 2,n_visible= 31):
    
    assert filename is None or filename.endswith(".html"), "filename should like *.html!"
    
    fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize=figsize,dpi=dpi)
    

    # 调整spines
    ax.spines["top"].set_visible(False)
    ax.spines["right"].set_visible(False)
    ax.spines["left"].set_visible(False)
    ax.spines["bottom"].set_visible(False)

    def plot_frame(i):
        
        ax.clear() 
        date = df.index[i]
        dfdata = pd.DataFrame(df.loc[date,:])
        dfdata.columns = ["values"]
        dfdata["color"] = [cmap[i] for i in range(len(dfdata))] 
        dfdata = dfdata.sort_values("values",ascending = True) 

        dfused = dfdata.iloc[n_visible::-1,:] 
        xdata = dfused.index.tolist()
        ydata = dfused["values"].tolist()
        colors = dfused["color"].tolist()

        #plt.rc('font', size=7,color = "white")
        squarify.plot(sizes = ydata, # 指定绘图数据
             label = xdata, # 指定标签
             color = colors, # 指定自定义颜色
             alpha = 0.5, # 指定透明度
             value = ydata, # 添加数值标签
             edgecolor = 'white', # 设置边界框为白色
             linewidth =3, # 设置边框宽度为3
             ax = ax,
             text_kwargs = {"size":8,"color":"black"},
             zorder = 0
        )

        #辅助设置
        ax.set_title(title,color = "black",fontsize = 12)
        ax.text(0.08, 0.92, str(date), va="center", ha="center",
                alpha=1.0, color ="white", size = 20,transform = ax.transAxes)
        plt.axis('off')
        plt.tick_params(top = 'off', right = 'off')
        

    my_animation = animation.FuncAnimation(fig,plot_frame,frames = range(0,len(df)),interval = int(duration*1000))
    if filename is None:
        try:
            from IPython.display import HTML
            HTML(my_animation.to_jshtml())
            return HTML(my_animation.to_jshtml())
        except ImportError:
            pass
    else:
        my_animation.save(filename)
        return filename

treemap_dance(df)

html_file = "treemap_dance.html"
gif_file = "treemap_dance.gif"
treemap_dance(df, filename = html_file)

html_to_gif(html_file,gif_file,duration=1.0)
           

复制

主要原理是安装并使用了squarify 库来绘制树地图，并借助 matplotlib中的 animation制作动态图。

收工。?