文章目录
- 1. 介绍
- 2. sysdig VS strace
- 3. 事件捕获写入文件
- 4. 过滤
- 5. 输出格式
- 6. Chisels
- https://sysdig.com/
- sysdig
1. 介绍
使用
sysdig
最简单的方法是不带任何参数地调用它。这样做会导致
sysdig
捕获每个事件并将其写入标准输出，就像
strace
所做的那样。
$ sysdig
34378 12:02:36.269753803 2 echo (7896) > close fd=3(/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive)
34379 12:02:36.269754164 2 echo (7896) < close res=0
34380 12:02:36.269781699 2 echo (7896) > fstat fd=1(/dev/pts/3)
34381 12:02:36.269783882 2 echo (7896) < fstat res=0
34382 12:02:36.269784970 2 echo (7896) > mmap
34383 12:02:36.269786575 2 echo (7896) < mmap
34384 12:02:36.269827674 2 echo (7896) > write fd=1(/dev/pts/3) size=12
34385 12:02:36.269839477 2 echo (7896) < write res=12 data=hello world.
34386 12:02:36.269843986 2 echo (7896) > close fd=1(/dev/pts/3)
34387 12:02:36.269844466 2 echo (7896) < close res=0
34388 12:02:36.269844816 2 echo (7896) > munmap
34389 12:02:36.269850803 2 echo (7896) < munmap
34390 12:02:36.269851915 2 echo (7896) > close fd=2(/dev/pts/3)
34391 12:02:36.269852314 2 echo (7896) < close res=0 默认情况下，sysdig 在一行中打印每个事件的信息，格式如下：
*%evt.num %evt.time %evt.cpu %proc.name (%thread.tid) %evt.dir %evt.type %evt.args 在哪里：
-
evt.num
-
evt.time
-
evt.cpu
-
proc.name
-
thread.tid
-
evt.dir
-
evt.type
-
evt.args
在系统调用的情况下，这些往往对应于系统调用参数，但情况并非总是如此：出于简单或性能原因，某些系统调用参数被排除在外。
-p 修改格式
$ sysdig -p "*%evt.num %evt.cpu %proc.name (%thread.tid) %evt.dir %evt.type %evt.args"
7446 0 sshd (74996) < clock_gettime
7447 0 sshd (74996) > read fd=11(/dev/ptmx) size=16384
7449 1 sysdig (2938) > switch next=99806 pgft_maj=0 pgft_min=1526 vm_size=178120 vm_rss=16616 vm_swap=0
7450 0 sshd (74996) < read res=406 data=991 1 (99806) > switch next=2938(sysdig) pgft_maj=0 pgft_min=0 vm_size=0 vm
7451 1 (99806) > switch next=2938(sysdig) pgft_maj=0 pgft_min=0 vm_size=0 vm_rss=0 vm_swap=0 2. sysdig VS strace
通过查看输出，您可以立即发现此输出与 strace 之间的一些关键区别：
- 对于大多数系统调用，sysdig 显示两个单独的条目：一个进入（标有“>”）和一个退出（标有“<”）。这使得在多进程环境中更容易跟踪输出。
- 文件描述符被解析。这意味着，只要有可能，FD 编号后跟 FD 本身的人类可读表示：网络连接的元组、文件的名称等。用于渲染 FD 的确切格式如下：
num(<type>resolved_string)
- resolve_string 是 FD 的解析表示，例如
127.0.0.1:40370->127.0.0.1:80
- type 是 fd 类型的单字母编码，可以是以下之一：
- f 用于文件
- 4 个用于 IPv4 套接字
- 6 个用于 IPv6 套接字
- u 用于 unix 套接字
- s 用于信号 FD
- e 用于事件 FD
- i 用于 inotify FD
- t 用于定时器 FD
至此，你应该可以了解 sysdig 输出的基础知识了，当然 sysdig 是一个强大的工具，可以展示很多有趣的东西。这两篇博文将为您提供更多详细信息和背景信息：
- 解释 Sysdig 输出
- Linux 系统调用的迷人世界
3. 事件捕获写入文件
-w 写入文件, Sysdig 允许您将捕获的事件保存到磁盘，以便以后对其进行分析。语法如下：
sysdig -w dumpfile.scap 如果要将保存到文件的事件数限制为 100，可以使用 –n 标志：
sysdig -n 20 -w myfile.scap -C 命令行标志允许您将捕获拆分为特定大小的文件。例如，使用它来生成大小为 1MB 的文件：
sysdig -C 1 -w dump.scap 您可以将
-C
标志与
-W
标志结合起来，以告诉 sysdig 要保留多少文件。例如，此命令行将事件捕获到大小为 1MB 的文件中，并且仅将最后 5 个文件保留在磁盘上：
sysdig -C 1 -W 5 -w dump.scap 可以使用 -r 标志读取以前保存的捕获文件：
sysdig -r myfile.scap -G 标志替代 -C 来指定时间跨度而不是文件大小。例如，此命令行将事件捕获到包含 1 分钟系统活动的文件中，并保留最后 5 分钟：
sysdig -G 60 -W 5 -w dump.scap 如果要在每个文件中包含特定数量的事件，可以使用
-e
标志。例如，此命令行将事件保存到每个包含 1000 个事件的文件中，并且只保留磁盘上的最后 5 个文件：
sysdig -e 1000 -W 5 -w dump.scap 高级
您的应用程序在随机时间点崩溃，当这种情况发生时，您希望查看其最后 10 分钟的活动。您可以通过以下方式实现：
sysdig -G 60 -W 10 -wdump.scap proc.name=myapp 您想要捕获过去 24 小时内在容器中执行的所有命令。这是你如何做到的：
sysdig -G 86400 -W 1 -w dump.scap evt.type=execve or evt.type=clone and container.name=mycontainer 生成的文件将非常小，因为只会捕获给定容器的相关系统调用。您将能够检查生成的文件：
$ sysdig -r “dump.scap0” -c spy_users
5459 19:42:15 root) cd /usr/sbin
5459 19:42:15 root) mkdir .shm
5459 19:42:17 root) cd /usr/sbin/.shm
5459 19:42:18 root) wget XXX/l.tgz
5459 19:42:20 root) tar zxvf l.tgz
5459 19:42:20 root) gzip -d
5459 19:44:40 root) ps -x
5459 19:44:47 root) w
5459 19:44:50 root) passwd
5459 19:46:21 root) cd /usr/sbin
5459 19:46:21 root) wget XXX/rk.tar
5459 19:46:24 root) tar xvf rk.tar
5459 19:46:24 root) rm -rf rk.tar
5459 19:46:24 root) cd /usr/sbin/rk
5459 19:46:24 root) /bin/bash ./root exampleabcdef 1157 您想要捕获给定日志文件的最后 10 分钟输出：
sysdig -G 600 -W 1 -w dump.scap evt.is_io_write=true and fd.name contains mylogfile 您将能够检查生成的文件：
sysdig -r dump.scap0 -c echo_fds 文件轮换在使用来自跟踪文件的事件时也有效。这非常方便，因为它允许您根据自己喜欢的标准将较大的跟踪文件拆分为较小的文件。
例如，此命令行获取
dump.scap
文件并将其分成 5 分钟长的文件。
sysdig -r dump.scap -G 300 -z -w segments.scap 4. 过滤
Sysdig 的过滤系统功能强大且用途广泛，旨在大海捞针。过滤器在命令行末尾指定，就像在 tcpdump 中一样，可以应用于实时捕获或捕获文件。例如，让我们看一下特定命令的活动，在本例中为
$ ./sysdig proc.name=cat
21368 13:10:15.384878134 1 cat (8298) < execve res=0 exe=cat args=index.html. tid=8298(cat) pid=8298(cat) ptid=1978(bash) cwd=/root fdlimit=1024
21371 13:10:15.384948635 1 cat (8298) > brk size=0
21372 13:10:15.384949909 1 cat (8298) < brk res=10665984
21373 13:10:15.384976208 1 cat (8298) > mmap
21374 13:10:15.384979452 1 cat (8298) < mmap
21375 13:10:15.384990980 1 cat (8298) > access
21376 13:10:15.384999211 1 cat (8298) < access
21377 13:10:15.385008602 1 cat (8298) > open
21378 13:10:15.385014374 1 cat (8298) < open fd=3(/etc/ld.so.cache) name=/etc/ld.so.cache flags=0(O_NONE) mode=0
21379 13:10:15.385015508 1 cat (8298) > fstat fd=3(/etc/ld.so.cache)
21380 13:10:15.385016588 1 cat (8298) < fstat res=0
21381 13:10:15.385017033 1 cat (8298) > mmap
21382 13:10:15.385019763 1 cat (8298) < mmap
21383 13:10:15.385020047 1 cat (8298) > close fd=3(/etc/ld.so.cache)
21384 13:10:15.385020556 1 cat (8298) < close res=0 如您所见，sysdig 不附加到进程。它只是捕获所有内容，然后让您过滤掉您不感兴趣的内容。过滤器语句可以使用比较运算符（=、!=、<、<=、>、>=、包含、icontains、in、exists）并且可以使用布尔运算符（and、or 和 not）和括号组合。例如
#捕获 cat 和 vi 的活动
$ sysdig proc.name=cat or proc.name=vi
#显示由非 cat 程序打开的所有文件。
$ sysdig proc.name!=cat and evt.type=open 过滤器字段表示为“ class.field ”。获取可用类列表及其包含的字段的快速方法是
$ sysdig -l
----------------------
Field Class: fd
fd.num the unique number identifying the file descriptor.
fd.type type of FD. Can be 'file', 'directory', 'ipv4', 'ipv6', 'unix',
'pipe', 'event', 'signalfd', 'eventpoll', 'inotify' or 'signal
fd'.
fd.typechar type of FD as a single character. Can be 'f' for file, 4 for IP
v4 socket, 6 for IPv6 socket, 'u' for unix socket, p for pipe,
'e' for eventfd, 's' for signalfd, 'l' for eventpoll, 'i' for i
notify, 'o' for unknown.
fd.name FD full name. If the fd is a file, this field contains the full
path. If the FD is a socket, this field contain the connection
tuple.
fd.directory If the fd is a file, the directory that contains it.
fd.filename If the fd is a file, the filename without the path.
fd.ip (FILTER ONLY) matches the ip address (client or server) of the
fd.
fd.cip client IP address.
fd.sip server IP address.
fd.lip local IP address.
fd.rip remote IP address.
fd.port (FILTER ONLY) matches the port (either client or server) of the
fd.
fd.cport for TCP/UDP FDs, the client port.
fd.sport for TCP/UDP FDs, server port.
fd.lport for TCP/UDP FDs, the local port.
fd.rport for TCP/UDP FDs, the remote port.
fd.l4proto the IP protocol of a socket. Can be 'tcp', 'udp', 'icmp' or 'ra
w'.
fd.sockfamily the socket family for socket events. Can be 'ip' or 'unix'.
fd.is_server 'true' if the process owning this FD is the server endpoint in
the connection.
fd.uid a unique identifier for the FD, created by chaining the FD numb
er and the thread ID.
fd.containername
chaining of the container ID and the FD name. Useful when tryin
g to identify which container an FD belongs to.
fd.containerdirectory
chaining of the container ID and the directory name. Useful whe
n trying to identify which container a directory belongs to.
fd.proto (FILTER ONLY) matches the protocol (either client or server) of
the fd.
fd.cproto for TCP/UDP FDs, the client protocol.
fd.sproto for TCP/UDP FDs, server protocol.
fd.lproto for TCP/UDP FDs, the local protocol.
fd.rproto for TCP/UDP FDs, the remote protocol.
fd.net (FILTER ONLY) matches the IP network (client or server) of the
fd.
fd.cnet (FILTER ONLY) matches the client IP network of the fd.
fd.snet (FILTER ONLY) matches the server IP network of the fd.
fd.lnet (FILTER ONLY) matches the local IP network of the fd.
fd.rnet (FILTER ONLY) matches the remote IP network of the fd.
fd.connected for TCP/UDP FDs, 'true' if the socket is connected.
fd.name_changed True when an event changes the name of an fd used by this event
. This can occur in some cases such as udp connections where th
e connection tuple changes.
fd.cip.name Domain name associated with the client IP address.
fd.sip.name Domain name associated with the server IP address.
fd.lip.name Domain name associated with the local IP address.
fd.rip.name Domain name associated with the remote IP address.
----------------------
Field Class: process
proc.pid the id of the process generating the event.
proc.exe the first command line argument (usually the executable name or
a custom one).
proc.name the name (excluding the path) of the executable generating the
event.
proc.args the arguments passed on the command line when starting the proc
ess generating the event.
proc.env the environment variables of the process generating the event.
proc.cmdline full process command line, i.e. proc.name + proc.args.
proc.exeline full process command line, with exe as first argument, i.e. pro
c.exe + proc.args.
proc.cwd the current working directory of the event.
proc.nthreads the number of threads that the process generating the event cur
rently has, including the main process thread.
proc.nchilds the number of child threads that the process generating the eve
nt currently has. This excludes the main process thread.
proc.ppid the pid of the parent of the process generating the event.
proc.pname the name (excluding the path) of the parent of the process gene
rating the event.
proc.pcmdline the full command line (proc.name + proc.args) of the parent of
the process generating the event.
proc.apid the pid of one of the process ancestors. E.g. proc.apid[1] retu
rns the parent pid, proc.apid[2] returns the grandparent pid, a
nd so on. proc.apid[0] is the pid of the current process. proc.
apid without arguments can be used in filters only and matches
any of the process ancestors, e.g. proc.apid=1234.
proc.aname the name (excluding the path) of one of the process ancestors.
E.g. proc.aname[1] returns the parent name, proc.aname[2] retur
ns the grandparent name, and so on. proc.aname[0] is the name o
f the current process. proc.aname without arguments can be used
in filters only and matches any of the process ancestors, e.g.
proc.aname=bash.
proc.loginshellid
the pid of the oldest shell among the ancestors of the current
process, if there is one. This field can be used to separate di
fferent user sessions, and is useful in conjunction with chisel
s like spy_user.
proc.duration number of nanoseconds since the process started.
proc.fdopencount
number of open FDs for the process
proc.fdlimit maximum number of FDs the process can open.
proc.fdusage the ratio between open FDs and maximum available FDs for the pr
ocess.
proc.vmsize total virtual memory for the process (as kb).
proc.vmrss resident non-swapped memory for the process (as kb).
proc.vmswap swapped memory for the process (as kb).
thread.pfmajor number of major page faults since thread start.
thread.pfminor number of minor page faults since thread start.
thread.tid the id of the thread generating the event.
thread.ismain 'true' if the thread generating the event is the main one in th
e process.
thread.exectime CPU time spent by the last scheduled thread, in nanoseconds. Ex
ported by switch events only.
thread.totexectime
Total CPU time, in nanoseconds since the beginning of the captu
re, for the current thread. Exported by switch events only.
thread.cgroups all the cgroups the thread belongs to, aggregated into a single
string.
thread.cgroup the cgroup the thread belongs to, for a specific subsystem. E.g
. thread.cgroup.cpuacct.
thread.vtid the id of the thread generating the event as seen from its curr
ent PID namespace.
proc.vpid the id of the process generating the event as seen from its cur
rent PID namespace.
thread.cpu the CPU consumed by the thread in the last second.
thread.cpu.user the user CPU consumed by the thread in the last second.
thread.cpu.system
the system CPU consumed by the thread in the last second.
thread.vmsize For the process main thread, this is the total virtual memory f
or the process (as kb). For the other threads, this field is ze
ro.
thread.vmrss For the process main thread, this is the resident non-swapped m
emory for the process (as kb). For the other threads, this fiel
d is zero.
proc.sid the session id of the process generating the event.
proc.sname the name of the current process's session leader. This is eithe
r the process with pid=proc.sid or the eldest ancestor that has
the same sid as the current process.
proc.tty The controlling terminal of the process. 0 for processes withou
t a terminal.
proc.exepath The full executable path of the process.
proc.vpgid the process group id of the process generating the event, as se
en from its current PID namespace.
----------------------
Field Class: evt
evt.num event number.
evt.time event timestamp as a time string that includes the nanosecond p
art.
evt.time.s event timestamp as a time string with no nanoseconds.
evt.datetime event timestamp as a time string that includes the date.
evt.rawtime absolute event timestamp, i.e. nanoseconds from epoch.
evt.rawtime.s integer part of the event timestamp (e.g. seconds since epoch).
evt.rawtime.ns fractional part of the absolute event timestamp.
evt.reltime number of nanoseconds from the beginning of the capture.
evt.reltime.s number of seconds from the beginning of the capture.
evt.reltime.ns fractional part (in ns) of the time from the beginning of the c
apture.
evt.latency delta between an exit event and the correspondent enter event,
in nanoseconds.
evt.latency.s integer part of the event latency delta.
evt.latency.ns fractional part of the event latency delta.
evt.latency.human
delta between an exit event and the correspondent enter event,
as a human readable string (e.g. 10.3ms).
evt.deltatime delta between this event and the previous event, in nanoseconds
.
evt.deltatime.s integer part of the delta between this event and the previous e
vent.
evt.deltatime.ns
fractional part of the delta between this event and the previou
s event.
evt.outputtime this depends on -t param, default is %evt.time ('h').
evt.dir event direction can be either '>' for enter events or '<' for e
xit events.
evt.type The name of the event (e.g. 'open').
evt.type.is allows one to specify an event type, and returns 1 for events t
hat are of that type. For example, evt.type.is.open returns 1 f
or open events, 0 for any other event.
syscall.type For system call events, the name of the system call (e.g. 'open
'). Unset for other events (e.g. switch or sysdig internal even
ts). Use this field instead of evt.type if you need to make sur
e that the filtered/printed value is actually a system call.
evt.category The event category. Example values are 'file' (for file operati
ons like open and close), 'net' (for network operations like so
cket and bind), memory (for things like brk or mmap), and so on
.
evt.cpu number of the CPU where this event happened.
evt.args all the event arguments, aggregated into a single string.
evt.arg one of the event arguments specified by name or by number. Some
events (e.g. return codes or FDs) will be converted into a tex
t representation when possible. E.g. 'evt.arg.fd' or 'evt.arg[0
]'.
evt.rawarg one of the event arguments specified by name. E.g. 'evt.rawarg.
fd'.
evt.info for most events, this field returns the same value as evt.args.
However, for some events (like writes to /dev/log) it provides
higher level information coming from decoding the arguments.
evt.buffer the binary data buffer for events that have one, like read(), r
ecvfrom(), etc. Use this field in filters with 'contains' to se
arch into I/O data buffers.
evt.buflen the length of the binary data buffer for events that have one,
like read(), recvfrom(), etc.
evt.res event return value, as a string. If the event failed, the resul
t is an error code string (e.g. 'ENOENT'), otherwise the result
is the string 'SUCCESS'.
evt.rawres event return value, as a number (e.g. -2). Useful for range com
parisons.
evt.failed 'true' for events that returned an error status.
evt.is_io 'true' for events that read or write to FDs, like read(), send,
recvfrom(), etc.
evt.is_io_read 'true' for events that read from FDs, like read(), recv(), recv
from(), etc.
evt.is_io_write 'true' for events that write to FDs, like write(), send(), etc.
evt.io_dir 'r' for events that read from FDs, like read(); 'w' for events
that write to FDs, like write().
evt.is_wait 'true' for events that make the thread wait, e.g. sleep(), sele
ct(), poll().
evt.wait_latency
for events that make the thread wait (e.g. sleep(), select(), p
oll()), this is the time spent waiting for the event to return,
in nanoseconds.
evt.is_syslog 'true' for events that are writes to /dev/log.
evt.count This filter field always returns 1 and can be used to count eve
nts from inside chisels.
evt.count.error This filter field returns 1 for events that returned with an er
ror, and can be used to count event failures from inside chisel
s.
evt.count.error.file
This filter field returns 1 for events that returned with an er
ror and are related to file I/O, and can be used to count event
failures from inside chisels.
evt.count.error.net
This filter field returns 1 for events that returned with an er
ror and are related to network I/O, and can be used to count ev
ent failures from inside chisels.
evt.count.error.memory
This filter field returns 1 for events that returned with an er
ror and are related to memory allocation, and can be used to co
unt event failures from inside chisels.
evt.count.error.other
This filter field returns 1 for events that returned with an er
ror and are related to none of the previous categories, and can
be used to count event failures from inside chisels.
evt.count.exit This filter field returns 1 for exit events, and can be used to
count single events from inside chisels.
evt.around (FILTER ONLY) Accepts the event if it's around the specified ti
me interval. The syntax is evt.around[T]=D, where T is the valu
e returned by %evt.rawtime for the event and D is a delta in mi
lliseconds. For example, evt.around[1404996934793590564]=1000 w
ill return the events with timestamp with one second before the
timestamp and one second after it, for a total of two seconds
of capture.
evt.abspath Absolute path calculated from dirfd and name during syscalls li
ke renameat and symlinkat. Use 'evt.abspath.src' or 'evt.abspat
h.dst' for syscalls that support multiple paths.
evt.is_open_read
'true' for open/openat events where the path was opened for rea
ding
evt.is_open_write
'true' for open/openat events where the path was opened for wri
ting
----------------------
Field Class: user
user.uid user ID.
user.name user name.
user.homedir home directory of the user.
user.shell user's shell.
user.loginuid audit user id (auid).
user.loginname audit user name (auid).
----------------------
Field Class: group
group.gid group ID.
group.name group name.
----------------------
Field Class: syslog
syslog.facility.str
facility as a string.
syslog.facility facility as a number (0-23).
syslog.severity.str
severity as a string. Can have one of these values: emerg, aler
t, crit, err, warn, notice, info, debug
syslog.severity severity as a number (0-7).
syslog.message message sent to syslog.
----------------------
Field Class: container
container.id the container id.
container.name the container name.
container.image the container image name (e.g. sysdig/sysdig:latest for docker,
).
container.image.id
the container image id (e.g. 6f7e2741b66b).
container.type the container type, eg: docker or rkt
container.privileged
true for containers running as privileged, false otherwise
container.mounts
A space-separated list of mount information. Each item in the l
ist has the format ::::
container.mount Information about a single mount, specified by number (e.g. con
tainer.mount[0]) or mount source (container.mount[/usr/local]).
The pathname can be a glob (container.mount[/usr/local/*]), in
which case the first matching mount will be returned. The info
rmation has the format ::::
on>. If there is no mount with the specified index or matching
the provided source, returns the string "none" instead of a NUL
L value.
container.mount.source
the mount source, specified by number (e.g. container.mount.sou
rce[0]) or mount destination (container.mount.source[/host/lib/
modules]). The pathname can be a glob.
container.mount.dest
the mount destination, specified by number (e.g. container.moun
t.dest[0]) or mount source (container.mount.dest[/lib/modules])
. The pathname can be a glob.
container.mount.mode
the mount mode, specified by number (e.g. container.mount.mode[
0]) or mount source (container.mount.mode[/usr/local]). The pat
hname can be a glob.
container.mount.rdwr
the mount rdwr value, specified by number (e.g. container.mount
.rdwr[0]) or mount source (container.mount.rdwr[/usr/local]). T
he pathname can be a glob.
container.mount.propagation
the mount propagation value, specified by number (e.g. containe
r.mount.propagation[0]) or mount source (container.mount.propag
ation[/usr/local]). The pathname can be a glob.
container.image.repository
the container image repository (e.g. sysdig/sysdig).
container.image.tag
the container image tag (e.g. stable, latest).
container.image.digest
the container image registry digest (e.g. sha256:d977378f890d44
5c15e51795296e4e5062f109ce6da83e0a355fc4ad8699d27).
----------------------
Field Class: fdlist
fdlist.nums for poll events, this is a comma-separated list of the FD numbe
rs in the 'fds' argument, returned as a string.
fdlist.names for poll events, this is a comma-separated list of the FD names
in the 'fds' argument, returned as a string.
fdlist.cips for poll events, this is a comma-separated list of the client I
P addresses in the 'fds' argument, returned as a string.
fdlist.sips for poll events, this is a comma-separated list of the server I
P addresses in the 'fds' argument, returned as a string.
fdlist.cports for TCP/UDP FDs, for poll events, this is a comma-separated lis
t of the client TCP/UDP ports in the 'fds' argument, returned a
s a string.
fdlist.sports for poll events, this is a comma-separated list of the server T
CP/UDP ports in the 'fds' argument, returned as a string.
----------------------
Field Class: k8s
k8s.pod.name Kubernetes pod name.
k8s.pod.id Kubernetes pod id.
k8s.pod.label Kubernetes pod label. E.g. 'k8s.pod.label.foo'.
k8s.pod.labels Kubernetes pod comma-separated key/value labels. E.g. 'foo1:bar
1,foo2:bar2'.
k8s.rc.name Kubernetes replication controller name.
k8s.rc.id Kubernetes replication controller id.
k8s.rc.label Kubernetes replication controller label. E.g. 'k8s.rc.label.foo
'.
k8s.rc.labels Kubernetes replication controller comma-separated key/value lab
els. E.g. 'foo1:bar1,foo2:bar2'.
k8s.svc.name Kubernetes service name (can return more than one value, concat
enated).
k8s.svc.id Kubernetes service id (can return more than one value, concaten
ated).
k8s.svc.label Kubernetes service label. E.g. 'k8s.svc.label.foo' (can return
more than one value, concatenated).
k8s.svc.labels Kubernetes service comma-separated key/value labels. E.g. 'foo1
:bar1,foo2:bar2'.
k8s.ns.name Kubernetes namespace name.
k8s.ns.id Kubernetes namespace id.
k8s.ns.label Kubernetes namespace label. E.g. 'k8s.ns.label.foo'.
k8s.ns.labels Kubernetes namespace comma-separated key/value labels. E.g. 'fo
o1:bar1,foo2:bar2'.
k8s.rs.name Kubernetes replica set name.
k8s.rs.id Kubernetes replica set id.
k8s.rs.label Kubernetes replica set label. E.g. 'k8s.rs.label.foo'.
k8s.rs.labels Kubernetes replica set comma-separated key/value labels. E.g. '
foo1:bar1,foo2:bar2'.
k8s.deployment.name
Kubernetes deployment name.
k8s.deployment.id
Kubernetes deployment id.
k8s.deployment.label
Kubernetes deployment label. E.g. 'k8s.rs.label.foo'.
k8s.deployment.labels
Kubernetes deployment comma-separated key/value labels. E.g. 'f
oo1:bar1,foo2:bar2'.
----------------------
Field Class: mesos
mesos.task.name Mesos task name.
mesos.task.id Mesos task id.
mesos.task.label
Mesos task label. E.g. 'mesos.task.label.foo'.
mesos.task.labels
Mesos task comma-separated key/value labels. E.g. 'foo1:bar1,fo
o2:bar2'.
mesos.framework.name
Mesos framework name.
mesos.framework.id
Mesos framework id.
marathon.app.name
Marathon app name.
marathon.app.id Marathon app id.
marathon.app.label
Marathon app label. E.g. 'marathon.app.label.foo'.
marathon.app.labels
Marathon app comma-separated key/value labels. E.g. 'foo1:bar1,
foo2:bar2'.
marathon.group.name
Marathon group name.
marathon.group.id
Marathon group id.
----------------------
Field Class: span
span.id ID of the span. This is a unique identifier that is used to mat
ch the enter and exit tracer events for this span. It can also
be used to match different spans belonging to a trace.
span.time time of the span's enter tracer as a human readable string that
includes the nanosecond part.
span.ntags number of tags that this span has.
span.nargs number of arguments that this span has.
span.tags dot-separated list of all of the span's tags.
span.tag one of the span's tags, specified by 0-based offset, e.g. 'span
.tag[1]'. You can use a negative offset to pick elements from t
he end of the tag list. For example, 'span.tag[-1]' returns the
last tag.
span.args comma-separated list of the span's arguments.
span.arg one of the span arguments, specified by name or by 0-based offs
et. E.g. 'span.arg.xxx' or 'span.arg[1]'. You can use a negativ
e offset to pick elements from the end of the tag list. For exa
mple, 'span.arg[-1]' returns the last argument.
span.enterargs comma-separated list of the span's enter tracer event arguments
. For enter tracers, this is the same as evt.args. For exit tra
cers, this is the evt.args of the corresponding enter tracer.
span.enterarg one of the span's enter arguments, specified by name or by 0-ba
sed offset. For enter tracer events, this is the same as evt.ar
g. For exit tracer events, this is the evt.arg of the correspon
ding enter event.
span.duration delta between this span's exit tracer event and the enter trace
r event.
span.duration.human
delta between this span's exit tracer event and the enter event
, as a human readable string (e.g. 10.3ms).
----------------------
Field Class: evtin
evtin.span.id accepts all the events that are between the enter and exit trac
ers of the spans with the given ID and are generated by the sam
e thread that generated the tracers.
evtin.span.ntags
accepts all the events that are between the enter and exit trac
ers of the spans with the given number of tags and are generate
d by the same thread that generated the tracers.
evtin.span.nargs
accepts all the events that are between the enter and exit trac
ers of the spans with the given number of arguments and are gen
erated by the same thread that generated the tracers.
evtin.span.tags accepts all the events that are between the enter and exit trac
ers of the spans with the given tags and are generated by the s
ame thread that generated the tracers.
evtin.span.tag accepts all the events that are between the enter and exit trac
ers of the spans with the given tag and are generated by the sa
me thread that generated the tracers. See the description of sp
an.tag for information about the syntax accepted by this field.
evtin.span.args accepts all the events that are between the enter and exit trac
ers of the spans with the given arguments and are generated by
the same thread that generated the tracers.
evtin.span.arg accepts all the events that are between the enter and exit trac
ers of the spans with the given argument and are generated by t
he same thread that generated the tracers. See the description
of span.arg for information about the syntax accepted by this f
ield.
evtin.span.p.id same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by oth
er threads in the same process that produced the span.
evtin.span.p.ntags
same as evtin.span.ntags, but also accepts events generated by
other threads in the same process that produced the span.
evtin.span.p.nargs
same as evtin.span.nargs, but also accepts events generated by
other threads in the same process that produced the span.
evtin.span.p.tags
same as evtin.span.tags, but also accepts events generated by o
ther threads in the same process that produced the span.
evtin.span.p.tag
same as evtin.span.tag, but also accepts events generated by ot
her threads in the same process that produced the span.
evtin.span.p.args
same as evtin.span.args, but also accepts events generated by o
ther threads in the same process that produced the span.
evtin.span.p.arg
same as evtin.span.arg, but also accepts events generated by ot
her threads in the same process that produced the span.
evtin.span.s.id same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by the
script that produced the span, i.e. by the processes whose par
ent PID is the same as the one of the process generating the sp
an.
evtin.span.s.ntags
same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by the
script that produced the span, i.e. by the processes whose par
ent PID is the same as the one of the process generating the sp
an.
evtin.span.s.nargs
same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by the
script that produced the span, i.e. by the processes whose par
ent PID is the same as the one of the process generating the sp
an.
evtin.span.s.tags
same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by the
script that produced the span, i.e. by the processes whose par
ent PID is the same as the one of the process generating the sp
an.
evtin.span.s.tag
same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by the
script that produced the span, i.e. by the processes whose par
ent PID is the same as the one of the process generating the sp
an.
evtin.span.s.args
same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by the
script that produced the span, i.e. by the processes whose par
ent PID is the same as the one of the process generating the sp
an.
evtin.span.s.arg
same as evtin.span.id, but also accepts events generated by the
script that produced the span, i.e. by the processes whose par
ent PID is the same as the one of the process generating the sp
an.
evtin.span.m.id same as evtin.span.id, but accepts all the events generated on
the machine during the span, including other threads and other
processes.
evtin.span.m.ntags
same as evtin.span.id, but accepts all the events generated on
the machine during the span, including other threads and other
processes.
evtin.span.m.nargs
same as evtin.span.id, but accepts all the events generated on
the machine during the span, including other threads and other
processes.
evtin.span.m.tags
same as evtin.span.id, but accepts all the events generated on
the machine during the span, including other threads and other
processes.
evtin.span.m.tag
same as evtin.span.id, but accepts all the events generated on
the machine during the span, including other threads and other
processes.
evtin.span.m.args
same as evtin.span.id, but accepts all the events generated on
the machine during the span, including other threads and other
processes.
evtin.span.m.arg
same as evtin.span.id, but accepts all the events generated on
the machine during the span, including other threads and other
processes.
查看由 apache 以外的进程接收的传入网络连接
$ sysdig evt.type=accept and proc.name!=apache $ sysdig evt.type=execve and evt.arg.ptid=bash 过滤器接受
execve
系统调用（用于执行程序），但前提是父进程名称为“bash”。
evt.arg
和
event.rawarg
之间的区别在于第二个不解析 PID、FD、错误代码等，并将参数保留为原始数字形式。例如，您可以使用
$ sysdig evt.arg.res=ENOENT 要过滤特定的 I/O 错误代码，或者，由于错误代码是负数，这
$ sysdig " evt.rawarg.res<0 or evt.rawarg.fd<0" 将为您提供所有产生错误的系统调用。要获取可在过滤器中使用的所有事件及其参数的列表，请键入
> syscall(SYSCALLID ID, UINT16 nativeID)
< syscall(SYSCALLID ID)
> open()
< open(FD fd, FSPATH name, FLAGS32 flags, UINT32 mode)
> close(FD fd)
< close(ERRNO res)
> read(FD fd, UINT32 size)
< read(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> write(FD fd, UINT32 size)
< write(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> socket(FLAGS32 domain, UINT32 type, UINT32 proto)
< socket(FD fd)
> bind(FD fd)
< bind(ERRNO res, SOCKADDR addr)
> connect(FD fd)
< connect(ERRNO res, SOCKTUPLE tuple)
> listen(FD fd, UINT32 backlog)
< listen(ERRNO res)
> send(FD fd, UINT32 size)
< send(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> sendto(FD fd, UINT32 size, SOCKTUPLE tuple)
< sendto(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> recv(FD fd, UINT32 size)
< recv(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> recvfrom(FD fd, UINT32 size)
< recvfrom(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data, SOCKTUPLE tuple)
> shutdown(FD fd, FLAGS8 how)
< shutdown(ERRNO res)
> getsockname()
< getsockname()
> getpeername()
< getpeername()
> socketpair(FLAGS32 domain, UINT32 type, UINT32 proto)
< socketpair(ERRNO res, FD fd1, FD fd2, UINT64 source, UINT64 peer)
> setsockopt()
< setsockopt()
> getsockopt()
< getsockopt()
> sendmsg(FD fd, UINT32 size, SOCKTUPLE tuple)
< sendmsg(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> sendmmsg()
< sendmmsg()
> recvmsg(FD fd)
< recvmsg(ERRNO res, UINT32 size, BYTEBUF data, SOCKTUPLE tuple)
> recvmmsg()
< recvmmsg()
> creat()
< creat(FD fd, FSPATH name, UINT32 mode)
> pipe()
< pipe(ERRNO res, FD fd1, FD fd2, UINT64 ino)
> eventfd(UINT64 initval, FLAGS32 flags)
< eventfd(FD res)
> futex(UINT64 addr, FLAGS16 op, UINT64 val)
< futex(ERRNO res)
> stat()
< stat(ERRNO res, FSPATH path)
> lstat()
< lstat(ERRNO res, FSPATH path)
> fstat(FD fd)
< fstat(ERRNO res)
> stat64()
< stat64(ERRNO res, FSPATH path)
> lstat64()
< lstat64(ERRNO res, FSPATH path)
> fstat64(FD fd)
< fstat64(ERRNO res)
> epoll_wait(ERRNO maxevents)
< epoll_wait(ERRNO res)
> poll(FDLIST fds, INT64 timeout)
< poll(ERRNO res, FDLIST fds)
> select()
< select(ERRNO res)
> select()
< select(ERRNO res)
> lseek(FD fd, UINT64 offset, FLAGS8 whence)
< lseek(ERRNO res)
> llseek(FD fd, UINT64 offset, FLAGS8 whence)
< llseek(ERRNO res)
> getcwd()
< getcwd(ERRNO res, CHARBUF path)
> chdir()
< chdir(ERRNO res, CHARBUF path)
> fchdir(FD fd)
< fchdir(ERRNO res)
> mkdir(FSPATH path, UINT32 mode)
< mkdir(ERRNO res)
> rmdir(FSPATH path)
< rmdir(ERRNO res)
> openat(FD dirfd, CHARBUF name, FLAGS32 flags, UINT32 mode)
< openat(FD fd)
> link(FSPATH oldpath, FSPATH newpath)
< link(ERRNO res)
> linkat(FD olddir, CHARBUF oldpath, FD newdir, CHARBUF newpath)
< linkat(ERRNO res)
> unlink(FSPATH path)
< unlink(ERRNO res)
> unlinkat(FD dirfd, CHARBUF name)
< unlinkat(ERRNO res)
> pread(FD fd, UINT32 size, UINT64 pos)
< pread(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> pwrite(FD fd, UINT32 size, UINT64 pos)
< pwrite(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> readv(FD fd)
< readv(ERRNO res, UINT32 size, BYTEBUF data)
> writev(FD fd, UINT32 size)
< writev(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> preadv(FD fd, UINT64 pos)
< preadv(ERRNO res, UINT32 size, BYTEBUF data)
> pwritev(FD fd, UINT32 size, UINT64 pos)
< pwritev(ERRNO res, BYTEBUF data)
> dup(FD fd)
< dup(FD res)
> signalfd(FD fd, UINT32 mask, FLAGS8 flags)
< signalfd(FD res)
> kill(PID pid, SIGTYPE sig)
< kill(ERRNO res)
> tkill(PID tid, SIGTYPE sig)
< tkill(ERRNO res)
> tgkill(PID pid, PID tid, SIGTYPE sig)
< tgkill(ERRNO res)
> nanosleep(RELTIME interval)
< nanosleep(ERRNO res)
> timerfd_create(UINT8 clockid, FLAGS8 flags)
< timerfd_create(FD res)
> inotify_init(FLAGS8 flags)
< inotify_init(FD res)
> getrlimit(FLAGS8 resource)
< getrlimit(ERRNO res, INT64 cur, INT64 max)
> setrlimit(FLAGS8 resource)
< setrlimit(ERRNO res, INT64 cur, INT64 max)
> prlimit(PID pid, FLAGS8 resource)
< prlimit(ERRNO res, INT64 newcur, INT64 newmax, INT64 oldcur, INT64 oldmax)
> fcntl(FD fd, FLAGS8 cmd)
< fcntl(FD res)
> switch(PID next, UINT64 pgft_maj, UINT64 pgft_min, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap)
> brk(UINT64 addr)
< brk(UINT64 res, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap)
> mmap(UINT64 addr, UINT64 length, FLAGS32 prot, FLAGS32 flags, FD fd, UINT64 offset)
< mmap(UINT64 res, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap)
> mmap2(UINT64 addr, UINT64 length, FLAGS32 prot, FLAGS32 flags, FD fd, UINT64 pgoffset)
< mmap2(UINT64 res, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap)
> munmap(UINT64 addr, UINT64 length)
< munmap(ERRNO res, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap)
> splice(FD fd_in, FD fd_out, UINT64 size, FLAGS32 flags)
< splice(ERRNO res)
> ptrace(FLAGS16 request, PID pid)
< ptrace(ERRNO res, DYNAMIC addr, DYNAMIC data)
> ioctl(FD fd, UINT64 request, UINT64 argument)
< ioctl(ERRNO res)
> rename()
< rename(ERRNO res, FSPATH oldpath, FSPATH newpath)
> renameat()
< renameat(ERRNO res, FD olddirfd, CHARBUF oldpath, FD newdirfd, CHARBUF newpath)
> symlink()
< symlink(ERRNO res, CHARBUF target, FSPATH linkpath)
> symlinkat()
< symlinkat(ERRNO res, CHARBUF target, FD linkdirfd, CHARBUF linkpath)
> procexit(ERRNO status)
> sendfile(FD out_fd, FD in_fd, UINT64 offset, UINT64 size)
< sendfile(ERRNO res, UINT64 offset)
> quotactl(FLAGS16 cmd, FLAGS8 type, UINT32 id, FLAGS8 quota_fmt)
> setresuid(UID ruid, UID euid, UID suid)
< setresuid(ERRNO res)
> setresgid(GID rgid, GID egid, GID sgid)
< setresgid(ERRNO res)
> setuid(UID uid)
< setuid(ERRNO res)
> setgid(GID gid)
< setgid(ERRNO res)
> getuid()
< getuid(UID uid)
> geteuid()
< geteuid(UID euid)
> getgid()
< getgid(GID gid)
> getegid()
< getegid(GID egid)
> getresuid()
< getresuid(ERRNO res, UID ruid, UID euid, UID suid)
> getresgid()
< getresgid(ERRNO res, GID rgid, GID egid, GID sgid)
> clone()
< clone(PID res, CHARBUF exe, BYTEBUF args, PID tid, PID pid, PID ptid, CHARBUF cwd, INT64 fdlimit, UINT64 pgft_maj, UINT64 pgft_min, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap, CHARBUF comm, BYTEBUF cgroups, FLAGS32 flags, UINT32 uid, UINT32 gid, PID vtid, PID vpid)
> fork()
< fork(PID res, CHARBUF exe, BYTEBUF args, PID tid, PID pid, PID ptid, CHARBUF cwd, INT64 fdlimit, UINT64 pgft_maj, UINT64 pgft_min, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap, CHARBUF comm, BYTEBUF cgroups, FLAGS32 flags, UINT32 uid, UINT32 gid, PID vtid, PID vpid)
> vfork()
< vfork(PID res, CHARBUF exe, BYTEBUF args, PID tid, PID pid, PID ptid, CHARBUF cwd, INT64 fdlimit, UINT64 pgft_maj, UINT64 pgft_min, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap, CHARBUF comm, BYTEBUF cgroups, FLAGS32 flags, UINT32 uid, UINT32 gid, PID vtid, PID vpid)
> execve()
< execve(ERRNO res, CHARBUF exe, BYTEBUF args, PID tid, PID pid, PID ptid, CHARBUF cwd, UINT64 fdlimit, UINT64 pgft_maj, UINT64 pgft_min, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap, CHARBUF comm, BYTEBUF cgroups, BYTEBUF env)
> signaldeliver(PID spid, PID dpid, SIGTYPE sig)
> getdents(FD fd)
< getdents(ERRNO res)
> getdents64(FD fd)
< getdents64(ERRNO res)
> setns(FD fd, FLAGS32 nstype)
< setns(ERRNO res)
> flock(FD fd, FLAGS32 operation)
< flock(ERRNO res)
> cpu_hotplug(UINT32 cpu, UINT32 action)
> accept()
< accept(FD fd, SOCKTUPLE tuple, UINT8 queuepct, UINT32 queuelen, UINT32 queuemax)
> accept(INT32 flags)
< accept(FD fd, SOCKTUPLE tuple, UINT8 queuepct, UINT32 queuelen, UINT32 queuemax)
> semop(INT32 semid)
< semop(ERRNO res, UINT32 nsops, UINT16 sem_num_0, INT16 sem_op_0, FLAGS16 sem_flg_0, UINT16 sem_num_1, INT16 sem_op_1, FLAGS16 sem_flg_1)
> semctl(INT32 semid, INT32 semnum, FLAGS16 cmd, INT32 val)
< semctl(ERRNO res)
> ppoll(FDLIST fds, RELTIME timeout, SIGSET sigmask)
< ppoll(ERRNO res, FDLIST fds)
> mount(FLAGS32 flags)
< mount(ERRNO res, CHARBUF dev, FSPATH dir, CHARBUF type)
> umount(FLAGS32 flags)
< umount(ERRNO res, FSPATH name)
> semget(INT32 key, INT32 nsems, FLAGS32 semflg)
< semget(ERRNO res)
> access(FLAGS32 mode)
< access(ERRNO res, FSPATH name)
> chroot()
< chroot(ERRNO res, FSPATH path)
> tracer(INT64 id, CHARBUFARRAY tags, CHARBUF_PAIR_ARRAY args)
< tracer(INT64 id, CHARBUFARRAY tags, CHARBUF_PAIR_ARRAY args)
> setsid()
< setsid(PID res)
> mkdir(UINT32 mode)
< mkdir(ERRNO res, FSPATH path)
> rmdir()
< rmdir(ERRNO res, FSPATH path)
> notification(CHARBUF id, CHARBUF desc)
> execve()
< execve(ERRNO res, CHARBUF exe, BYTEBUF args, PID tid, PID pid, PID ptid, CHARBUF cwd, UINT64 fdlimit, UINT64 pgft_maj, UINT64 pgft_min, UINT32 vm_size, UINT32 vm_rss, UINT32 vm_swap, CHARBUF comm, BYTEBUF cgroups, BYTEBUF env, INT32 tty)
> unshare(FLAGS32 flags)
< unshare(ERRNO res) 5. 输出格式
这个单线过滤 chdir 系统调用（每次用户执行 cd 时都会调用的那些），并打印用户名和用户所在的目录。从本质上讲，它允许您在用户在文件系统中移动时跟踪她。
$ sysdig -p"user:%user.name dir:%evt.arg.path" evt.type=chdir
user:ubuntu dir:/root
user:ubuntu dir:/root/tmp
user:ubuntu dir:/root/Download 关于 -p 格式化语法的一些注意事项：
- 字段必须以 % 开头
- 您可以在字符串中添加任意文本，就像在 C printf 中所做的一样。
- 默认情况下，仅当-p 指定的所有字段都存在于事件中时才会打印一行。但是，无论如何，您都可以在字符串前面加上 *以使其打印。在这种情况下，缺少的字段将呈现为 。
例如
$ sysdig -p"%evt.type %evt.dir %evt.arg.name" evt.type=open
open < /proc/1285/task/1399/stat
open < /proc/1285/task/1400/io
open < /proc/1285/task/1400/statm
$ sysdig -p"*%evt.type %evt.dir %evt.arg.name" evt.type=open
open >
open < /proc/1285/task/1399/stat
open >
open < /proc/1285/task/1400/io
open >
open < /proc/1285/task/1400/statm
open >
$ sysdig -A -s 65000 -p"%evt.buffer" "proc.name=cat and evt.type=write and fd.num=1" 打印进程的标准输出（在本例中为 cat）。请注意我们如何使用 -A 开关将结果呈现为人类可读的字符串，并使用 -s 开关来捕获超过通常每次写入的 80 个字节。谨慎使用-s，它会生成巨大的捕获文件！
显示由真实用户（即来自 bash）启动的每个程序的用户、命令名称和参数。
$ sysdig -p"%user.name) %proc.name %proc.args" evt.type=execve and evt.arg.ptid=bash 显示交互式用户访问的目录
$ sysdig -p"%user.name) %evt.arg.path" "evt.type=chdir"
打印对 /etc 目录的所有访问的用户、进程和文件名。
$ sysdig -p"user:%user.name process:%proc.name file:%fd.name" "evt.type=write and fd.name contains /etc/"
列出 apache 接收到的所有连接的 TCP/IP 端点信息。
$ sysdig -p"%fd.name" "proc.name=apache and evt.type=accept" ![linux-svn卸载与安装[图]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)