docker registry push 覆盖_Docker4-docker私库的搭建及常用方法-docker-registry方式

一、简单介绍

前面已经介绍，可以使用Docker Hub公共仓库，但是大多数情况企业都需要创建一个本地仓库供自己使用。这里介绍几种搭建私库的方法

私库的好处有几点

• 节约带宽
• 可以自己定制系统
• 更加安全

二、我知道的几种方法

1.利用官方提供的工具docker-registry来配置私库

官方提供的镜像，注意这个工具是个镜像，直接下载并使用registry镜像启动docker实例就可以了

2.利用Harbor-Registry，来搭建私库

Harbor是一个用于存储Docker镜像的企业级Registry服务

三、通过官方docker-registry来配置私库

1.环境

docker私库地址：192.168.216.51 web1

docker服务器地址：192.168.216.52 web2，此节点使用私库服务器来pull/push镜像

2.拓扑

备注：这里docker hub 就是私库

docker engine ：前面原理篇有介绍 ，是docker架构中的运行引擎，同时也Docker运行的核心模块。它扮演Docker container存储仓库的角色，并且通过执行job的方式来操纵管理这些容器。

3.安装docker私有仓库

1)首先安装

方式1

也可以下载rpm包安装

rpm包地址：https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/7/x86_64/stable/Packages/

这里下载的是docker-ce-cli-19.03.2-3.el7.x86_64.rpm

为了解决依赖，配置本地源

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# mv Centos-7.repo ./backup/[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ll total 16drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 27 Sep 23 14:56 backupdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Sep 23 14:32 bakcup-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 65 Sep 23 14:53 docker-rpm.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 664 Sep 23 12:54 epel-7.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 951 Sep 23 12:54 epel.repo-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1050 Sep 23 12:54 epel-testing.repo[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cd /root/docker-rpm/[[email protected] docker-rpm]# createrepo ./
           

方式2

配置阿里源，epel源里面我这里没有docker，所以配置阿里源的docker源

阿里源地址：https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cat docker-ce.repo [docker-ce-stable]name=Docker CE Stable - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/stableenabled=1gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-stable-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Stable - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/stableenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-stable-source]name=Docker CE Stable - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/stableenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-edge]name=Docker CE Edge - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/edgeenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-edge-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Edge - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/edgeenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-edge-source]name=Docker CE Edge - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/edgeenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-test]name=Docker CE Test - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/testenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-test-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Test - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/testenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-test-source]name=Docker CE Test - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/testenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-nightly]name=Docker CE Nightly - $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/$basearch/nightlyenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-nightly-debuginfo]name=Docker CE Nightly - Debuginfo $basearchbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/debug-$basearch/nightlyenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[docker-ce-nightly-source]name=Docker CE Nightly - Sourcesbaseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/source/nightlyenabled=0gpgcheck=1gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg[[email protected] yum.repos.d]#
           

yum install dockre-ce -y

2)开启防火墙

systemctl start firewalld.service

3)开启私有仓库服务端

systemctl start docker

systemctl enable docker

确保两台几点都安装了docker，并启动

4.私有仓库服务器拉取或load registry

方法1、直接拉取

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# docker pull registryUsing default tag: latestTrying to pull repository docker.io/library/registry ... latest: Pulling from docker.io/library/registryDigest: sha256:8004747f1e8cd820a148fb7499d71a76d45ff66bac6a29129bfdbfdc0154d146Status: Image is up to date for docker.io/registry:latest[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEzxg/nginx1 latest 3babdf3c6c6d 2 weeks ago 546 MBzxg/centos_nginx v1 7c6604cacec1 4 weeks ago 698 MBdocker.io/atlassian/jira-software latest c4b90dede4f3 5 weeks ago 624 MBzxg/my_nginx v1 b164f4c07c64 8 weeks ago 126 MBzxg/my_nginx latest f07837869dfc 8 weeks ago 126 MBdocker.io/nginx latest e445ab08b2be 2 months ago 126 MBdocker.io/alpine latest b7b28af77ffe 2 months ago 5.58 MBdocker.io/centos latest 9f38484d220f 6 months ago 202 MBdocker.io/registry latest f32a97de94e1 6 months ago 25.8 MB[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# 
           

方法2、下载registry.tar包，然后导入即可、

docker load -i registry.tar

5.私库服务器随便拉取一个镜像,并且打好标签

docker pull busyboxdocker tag docker.io/busybox:latest 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:latest
           

打好标签就是下面标红的行

[[email protected] ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEzxg/nginx1 latest 3babdf3c6c6d 2 weeks ago 546 MB192.168.216.51:5000/busybox latest 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MBbusybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MBdocker.io/busybox latest 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MBzxg/centos_nginx v1 7c6604cacec1 4 weeks ago 698 MB
           

6.修改配置文件，指定私库url

需要安装docker-common，检查一下有没有安装

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# rpm -qf /etc/sysconfig/dockerdocker-common-1.13.1-96.gitb2f74b2.el7.centos.x86_64[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# 
           

配置文件添加–insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker# /etc/sysconfig/docker## Modify these options if you want to change the way the docker daemon runsOPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000'if [ -z "${DOCKER_CERT_PATH}" ]; then DOCKER_CERT_PATH=/etc/dockerdfi
           

7.重启docker

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# systemctl restart docker
           

8.启动私有仓库，使用registry镜像运行一个docker就可以了

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry registry###-v 指定本地持久路径27d56aa54e167c26c76e25136b247072883aa29dde247f20c45f97fafedb650b[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES27d56aa54e16 registry "/entrypoint.sh /e..." About a minute ago Up 58 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp frosty_ptolemy[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# netstat -antlop |grep 5000tcp6 0 0 :::5000 :::* LISTEN 27767/docker-proxy- off (0.00/0/0)[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# netstat -antup |grep 5000 tcp6 0 0 :::5000 :::* LISTEN 27767/docker-proxy- [[email protected] yum.repos.d]# 
           

[[email protected] yum.repos.d]# ls /opt/registry###目录已经自动创建
           

9.本机上传镜像，成功后使用tree查看

docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox
           

[[email protected] ~]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry//opt/registry/docker/registry/└── v2 ├── blobs │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19 │ │ └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── data │ ├── 7c │ │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ │ └── data │ └── dd │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── data └── repositories └── busybox ├── _layers │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── link │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ └── link ├── _manifests │ ├── revisions │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── tags │ └── latest │ ├── current │ │ └── link │ └── index │ └── sha256 │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── link └── _uploads26 directories, 8 files[[email protected] ~]# 
           

10.使用52节点下载busybox镜像

我这里已经装好docker，就不演示怎么安装docker，这里都是按照之前原理篇的安装方式，请见如下链接：

安装docker请参考：Docker1 架构原理及简单使用

###修改配置文件添加"--insecure-registry不安全的注册"[[email protected] ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker |grep 5000OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --log-driver=journald --signature-verification=false --insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000'###拉取镜像[[email protected] ~]# docker pull 192.168.216.51:5000/busyboxUsing default tag: latestTrying to pull repository 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox ... latest: Pulling from 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox7c9d20b9b6cd: Pull complete Digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:latest###查看镜像[[email protected] ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE192.168.216.51:5000/busybox latest 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB###运行实例-成功[[email protected] ~]# docker run 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox echo "1111" 1111[[email protected] ~]####创建镜像链接并命名[[email protected] ~]# docker tag 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox busybox:v1###删除镜像[[email protected] ~]# docker rmi 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox [[email protected] ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZEbusybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB###运行新的实例[[email protected] ~]# docker run busybox:v1 echo 222222
           

到这里已经完成了私库搭建方方法，不过应该在上传一个新版本测试：

[[email protected] ~]# docker tag busybox:v1 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v1[[email protected] ~]# docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES[[email protected] ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE192.168.216.51:5000/busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MBbusybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB[[email protected] ~]# docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busyboxThe push refers to a repository [192.168.216.51:5000/busybox]6c0ea40aef9d: Layer already exists v1: digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 size: 527[[email protected] ~]# 
           

11.回到51节点测试查看有没有新的版本上传上来

在51节点，上用tree命令查看，可以看到v1版本

[[email protected] ~]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry//opt/registry/docker/registry/└── v2 ├── blobs │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19 │ │ └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── data │ ├── 7c │ │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ │ └── data │ └── dd │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── data └── repositories └── busybox ├── _layers │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── link │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ └── link ├── _manifests │ ├── revisions │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── tags │ ├── latest │ │ ├── current │ │ │ └── link │ │ └── index │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── v1 │ ├── current │ │ └── link │ └── index │ └── sha256 │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── link └── _uploads
           

四、总结大家私有仓库的步骤

配置前可以先把防火墙及selinux全部关闭

1.安装docker

2.修改配置文件两台节点一样，有两种方式：(注意！！！)

1)添加参数到/etc/sysconfig/docker文件

OPTIONS=’–selinux-enabled –log-driver=journald –signature-verification=false –insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000′

2)还可以把这行添加到启动参数里，/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd-current –insecure-registry 192.168.216.51:5000

注意：新版本已经没有/etc/sysconfig/docker配置文件了，所以可以统一放到启动参数/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service

3.拉取registry镜像

4.运行registry镜像并映射5000端口

5.打标签上传下载镜像完成

五、带授权的registry

注意：这里是创建密码认证，而不是证书的认证

1.创建授权目录

mkdir /auth

2.使用registry镜像生成 htpasswd加密文件其中加密了密码

创建用户名：zxg，密码123456，并加密

docker run --entrypoint htpasswd registry -Bbn zxg 123456 >/auth/htpasswd
           

可以看到密码123456已经加密了

docker run --entrypoint htpasswd registry -Bbn zxg 123456 >/auth/htpasswd
           

注释：

–entrypoint ：是docker的一种指令，用于给出容器启动后默认入口

3.启动带参数的镜像

[[email protected] /]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --restart=always --name registry1 > -v /opt/registry:/var/lib/registry> -v /auth:/auth > -e "REGISTRY_AUTH=htpasswd" > -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_REALM="Registry Realm" > -e REGISTRY_AUTH_HTPASSWD_PATH=/auth/htpasswd > registry37f0ce01ea327e6cd62798e0df683d5d2a4317c3fd865c0f1e19b654f052fe66
           

4.52节点创建busybox便签v2上传，先登陆，然后上传

[[email protected] ~]# docker login 192.168.216.51:5000Username: zxgPassword: Login Succeeded[[email protected] ~]# docker tag busybox:v2 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v2busybox v2 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB[[email protected] ~]# docker imagesREPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE192.168.216.51:5000/busybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB192.168.216.51:5000/busybox v2 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MBbusybox v1 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MBbusybox v2 19485c79a9bb 3 weeks ago 1.22 MB[[email protected] ~]# docker push 192.168.216.51:5000/busybox:v2The push refers to a repository [192.168.216.51:5000/busybox]6c0ea40aef9d: Pushed v2: digest: sha256:dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 size: 527[[email protected] ~]# 
           

5.回到51上确认是否上传成功

[[email protected] auth]# tree /opt/registry/docker/registry/v2//opt/registry/docker/registry/v2/├── blobs│ └── sha256│ ├── 19│ │ └── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d│ │ └── data│ ├── 7c│ │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b│ │ └── data│ └── dd│ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808│ └── data└── repositories └── busybox ├── _layers │ └── sha256 │ ├── 19485c79a9bbdca205fce4f791efeaa2a103e23431434696cc54fdd939e9198d │ │ └── link │ └── 7c9d20b9b6cda1c58bc4f9d6c401386786f584437abbe87e58910f8a9a15386b │ └── link ├── _manifests │ ├── revisions │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── tags │ ├── latest │ │ ├── current │ │ │ └── link │ │ └── index │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ ├── v1 │ │ ├── current │ │ │ └── link │ │ └── index │ │ └── sha256 │ │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ │ └── link │ └── v2 │ ├── current │ │ └── link │ └── index │ └── sha256 │ └── dd97a3fe6d721c5cf03abac0f50e2848dc583f7c4e41bf39102ceb42edfd1808 │ └── link └── _uploads35 directories, 12 files
           

可以看到已经有v2版本，成功，下一篇将介绍Harbor-Registry的方式。