1.首先我们需要从docker官网上获取centos镜像(也可以自行导入别人的镜像)
docker search centos
2.拉取对应版本的镜像,我这边拉取的是centos8
docker pull centos:centos8
然后通过docker images查看所有镜像,这边显示我们已经拉取下来了
3.启动linux
docker run -itd <IMAGE ID > /bin/bash /bin/bash 我这里为 docker run -itd 300e315adb2f /bin/bash
然后用docker ps命令查看正在运行的容器
4.进入容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker attach 37228d4329ae
[[email protected] /]#
5.官方拉取的centos本身是没有ifconfig命令的,需要配置
[[email protected] /]# ifconfig
bash: ifconfig: command not found
[[email protected] /]# yum search ifconfig
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 603 kB/s | 6.3 MB 00:10
CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS 614 kB/s | 2.3 MB 00:03
CentOS Linux 8 - Extras 6.6 kB/s | 8.6 kB 00:01
No matches found.
[[email protected] /]# yum search ifconfig
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
CentOS Linux 8 - AppStream 603 kB/s | 6.3 MB 00:10
CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS 614 kB/s | 2.3 MB 00:03
CentOS Linux 8 - Extras 6.6 kB/s | 8.6 kB 00:01
No matches found.
[[email protected] /]# ifcofig
bash: ifcofig: command not found
[[email protected] /]# ifconfig
bash: ifconfig: command not found
[[email protected] /]# yum install net-tools.x86_64
Failed to set locale, defaulting to C.UTF-8
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:42 ago on Wed Jan 6 08:48:44 2021.
Dependencies resolved.
======================================================================================================================
Package Architecture Version Repository Size
======================================================================================================================
Installing:
net-tools x86_64 2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8 baseos 322 k
Transaction Summary
======================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 322 k
Installed size: 942 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64.rpm 242 kB/s | 322 kB 00:01
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 169 kB/s | 322 kB 00:01
warning: /var/cache/dnf/baseos-f6a80ba95cf937f2/packages/net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 8483c65d: NOKEY
CentOS Linux 8 - BaseOS 1.6 MB/s | 1.6 kB 00:00
Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D:
Userid : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <[email protected]>"
Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-centosofficial
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
Preparing : 1/1
Installing : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
Running scriptlet: net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
net-tools-2.0-0.52.20160912git.el8.x86_64
Complete!
6.设置centos密码
[[email protected] /]# passwd root
bash: passwd: command not found
这里需要注意出现这样的错误,是需要补充命令的
yum search passwd //查找源文件
passwd.x86_64 : An utility for setting or changing passwords using PAM //查找到的源 不一定都一样 根据自己系统的
yum install passwd.x86_64 //安装
然后设置自己的密码,这个密码需要记住,后面ssh连接的时候需要
[[email protected] /]# passwd root
Changing password for user root.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
7.配置ssh
yum install openssh-server -y
生成公钥,私钥:
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_keyGenerating
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_keyGenerating
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_keyGenerating
执行: /usr/sbin/sshd -D
[[email protected] /]# /usr/sbin/sshd -D
或/usr/sbin/sshd
8.退出容器,保存为镜像
从容器退出，但不停止容器: Ctrl+P+Q
$ docker ps
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
37228d4329ae 300e315adb2f "/bin/bash" 42 minutes ago Up 42 minutes intelligent_allen
5a5909cd8ca4 mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 6 days ago Up 6 days 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql_test
回到Docker下面，停止容器: docker stop <容器ID>
$ docker stop 37228d4329ae
#提交当前容器到镜像: docker commit <容器ID> <NAME:VERSION> docker commit 37228d4329ae centos:centos_ssh_v1.0
重启容器
[[email protected] ~]# docker run --name centos_ssh -itd -p 50001:22 71b4c6967869 /bin/bash
7d60f77d59150901890020b7c162bb90ced7074a28e912ce18932903825c3f6e
[[email protected] ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
7d60f77d5915 71b4c6967869 "/bin/bash" 7 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:50001->22/tcp centos_ssh
5a5909cd8ca4 mysql:latest "docker-entrypoint.s…" 6 days ago Up 6 days 0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp mysql_test
即可通过ssh工具和端口50001连接