iOS實作銀行卡輸入格式化

原文位址：http://www.jianshu.com/p/6abf4891ba30

最近項目要做一個綁定銀行卡的功能，于是我打開微信和支付寶瞄了一眼，對比後發現微信和支付寶在卡号輸入的一些細節上處理是不一樣的，舉個例子：輸入卡号的時候，我發現中間有一位數輸錯了，然後試着去修改，微信的處理是删除完這個數字，光标直接移動到末尾。。這不科學啊，我還沒有修改完呢。。而支付寶的處理就比較合理了，删除完後光标還在那個位置，可以繼續輸入正确的數字。

本着虛心學習的态度，就想着怎麼實作支付寶的這個效果比較好的卡号輸入，本以為很簡單，可以很快搞定，最後卻用了大半天才實作了比較完美的效果。廢話不多說，直接上代碼：

/**
 * UITextField Category 用于控制光标位置
 */
@interface UITextField (ExtendRange)

- (NSRange)selectedRange;

- (void)setSelectedRange:(NSRange)range;

@end

@implementation UITextField (ExtendRange)
- (NSRange)selectedRange {
    UITextPosition *beginning = self.beginningOfDocument;
    UITextRange *selectedRange = self.selectedTextRange;
    UITextPosition *selectionStart = selectedRange.start;
    UITextPosition *selectionEnd = selectedRange.end;
    const NSInteger location = [self offsetFromPosition:beginning toPosition:selectionStart];
    const NSInteger length = [self offsetFromPosition:selectionStart toPosition:selectionEnd];
    return NSMakeRange(location, length);
}
- (void)setSelectedRange:(NSRange)range {
    UITextPosition *beginning = self.beginningOfDocument;
    UITextPosition *startPosition = [self positionFromPosition:beginning offset:range.location];
    UITextPosition *endPosition = [self positionFromPosition:beginning offset:range.location + range.length];
    UITextRange *selectionRange = [self textRangeFromPosition:startPosition toPosition:endPosition];
    [self setSelectedTextRange:selectionRange];
}
@end
           

//每組個數
static NSInteger const kGroupSize = 4;

#pragma mark - UITextFieldDelegate
- (BOOL)textField:(UITextField *)textField shouldChangeCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range replacementString:(NSString *)string {
    if (textField == self.bankCardNoField) {
        NSString *text = textField.text;
        NSString *beingString = [textField.text stringByReplacingCharactersInRange:range withString:string];
        NSString *cardNo = [self removingSapceString:beingString];
        //校驗卡号隻能是數字，且不能超過20位
        if ( (string.length != 0 && ![self isValidNumbers:cardNo]) || cardNo.length > 20) {
            return NO;
        }
        //擷取【光标右側的數字個數】
        NSInteger rightNumberCount = [self removingSapceString:[text substringFromIndex:textField.selectedRange.location + textField.selectedRange.length]].length;
        //輸入長度大于4 需要對數字進行分組，每4個一組，用空格隔開
        if (beingString.length > kGroupSize) {
            textField.text = [self groupedString:beingString];
        } else {
            textField.text = beingString;
        }
        text = textField.text;
        /**
         * 計算光标位置(相對末尾)
         * 光标右側空格數 = 所有的空格數 - 光标左側的空格數
         * 光标位置 = 【光标右側的數字個數】+ 光标右側空格數
         */
        NSInteger rightOffset = [self rightOffsetWithCardNoLength:cardNo.length rightNumberCount:rightNumberCount];
        NSRange currentSelectedRange = NSMakeRange(text.length - rightOffset, 0);

        //如果光标左側是一個空格，則光标回退一格
        if (currentSelectedRange.location > 0 && [[text substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(currentSelectedRange.location - 1, 1)] isEqualToString:@" "]) {
            currentSelectedRange.location -= 1;
        }
        [textField setSelectedRange:currentSelectedRange];
        return NO;
    }
    return YES;
}

#pragma mark - Helper
/**
 *  計算光标相對末尾的位置偏移
 *
 *  @param length           卡号的長度(不包括空格)
 *  @param rightNumberCount 光标右側的數字個數
 *
 *  @return 光标相對末尾的位置偏移
 */
- (NSInteger)rightOffsetWithCardNoLength:(NSInteger)length rightNumberCount:(NSInteger)rightNumberCount {
    NSInteger totalGroupCount = [self groupCountWithLength:length];
    NSInteger leftGroupCount = [self groupCountWithLength:length - rightNumberCount];
    NSInteger totalWhiteSpace = totalGroupCount -1 > 0? totalGroupCount - 1 : 0;
    NSInteger leftWhiteSpace = leftGroupCount -1 > 0? leftGroupCount - 1 : 0;
    return rightNumberCount + (totalWhiteSpace - leftWhiteSpace);
}

/**
 *  校驗給定字元串是否是純數字
 *
 *  @param numberStr 字元串
 *
 *  @return 字元串是否是純數字
 */
- (BOOL)isValidNumbers:(NSString *)numberStr {
    NSString* numberRegex = @"^[0-9]+$";
    NSPredicate *numberPre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"SELF MATCHES %@",numberRegex];
    return [numberPre evaluateWithObject:numberStr];
}

/**
 *  去除字元串中包含的空格
 *
 *  @param str 字元串
 *
 *  @return 去除空格後的字元串
 */
- (NSString *)removingSapceString:(NSString *)str {
    return [str stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@"" options:NSCaseInsensitiveSearch range:NSMakeRange(0, str.length)];
}

/**
 *  根據長度計算分組的個數
 *
 *  @param length 長度
 *
 *  @return 分組的個數
 */
- (NSInteger)groupCountWithLength:(NSInteger)length {
    return (NSInteger)ceilf((CGFloat)length /kGroupSize);
}

/**
 *  給定字元串根據指定的個數進行分組，每一組用空格分隔
 *
 *  @param string 字元串
 *
 *  @return 分組後的字元串
 */
- (NSString *)groupedString:(NSString *)string {
    NSString *str = [self removingSapceString:string];
    NSInteger groupCount = [self groupCountWithLength:str.length];
    NSMutableArray *components = [[NSMutableArray alloc] init];
    for (NSInteger i = 0; i < groupCount; i++) {
        if (i*kGroupSize + kGroupSize > str.length) {
            [components addObject:[str substringFromIndex:i*kGroupSize]];
        } else {
            [components addObject:[str substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(i*kGroupSize, kGroupSize)]];
        }
    }
    NSString *groupedString = [components componentsJoinedByString:@" "];
    return groupedString;
}
           

銀行卡輸入Demo:  https://github.com/Nomeqc/BankCardInputFieldDemo