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PMP備考錯題集-章節專題

目錄

         一、整合管理

二、範圍管理

三、進度管理

四、成本管理

五、品質管理

六、資源管理

七、溝通管理

八、風險管理

九、采購管理

十、相關方管理

一、整合管理

1.一些關鍵相關方不能參加預定的項目開工大會,項目負責人要求項目經理繼續舉行會議,因為他們還要參加其他會議。項目經理應該做什麼確定順利召開項目開工大會,以便能夠開始執行項目?

Some key stakeholders cannot participate in the scheduled project kick-off meeting, and the project leader asks the project manager to continue the meeting because these stakeholders have to attend other meetings. What should the project manager do to make sure the project kick-off meeting is held successfully to start execution of the project?

  •  A:在沒有太多項目相關方參與的情況下繼續召開會議 Continue holding the meeting without the involvement of too many project stakeholders
  •  B:取消會議,并單獨跟進各個相關方 Cancel the meeting and follow up with all stakeholders individually
  •  C:推遲會議,直到所有相關方和項目負責人都可以參加Postpone the meeting until all stakeholders and project leaders are available for it
  •  D:重新安排會議,以便除項目負責人以外的所有相關方都可以參加Reschedule the meeting so that all stakeholders, except for the project leaders, can participate in the meeting

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P86,4.2.2.4-會議。項目開工會議通常意味着規劃階段結束和執行階段開始,旨在傳達項目目标、獲得團隊對項目的承諾,以及闡明每個相關方的角色和職責。開工會議不僅僅是傳遞資訊,要拿到關鍵相關方的承諾,是以盡可能讓所有人員能夠參加會議。

2.一場重要會議結束後,團隊收到客戶的負面回報,原因在獲得需求規範時所使用的方法上,團隊才意識到這一點。項目經理應該做什麼?

After an important meeting, the team receives negative feedback from the customer. The team attributes this issue to the approach used to obtain requirement specifications. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:檢查相關方參與計劃 Check the stakeholder engagement plan
  •  B:提供經驗教訓知識庫 Provide a lessons learned repository
  •  C:更新範圍管理計劃 Update the scope management plan
  •  D:與團隊一起核實驗收标準 Verify the acceptance criteria with the team

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P98-4.4管理項目知識。“獲得需求規範時所使用的方法”,問題經發生了,盡量規避以後再次出現。選項A,問題的核心是用錯了規範,而不是相關方的态度。選項C,情景裡面沒有強調是哪一次會議,如果是收尾過程的會議,範圍管理計劃的更新将失去意義。選項D,情景中沒有提到驗收标準存在問題,排除。

3. 在一個項目期間識别到的技術問題得到了有效解決,項目經理希望正式采用該解決方案的方法,并在整個組織中利用該方法。項目經理能夠如何完成這項工作?

The technical issues identified during a project have been effectively resolved, and the project manager hopes to formally adopt the solution method and use it throughout the organization. How can the project manager accomplish this work?

  •  A:在項目管理計劃中存檔該決定 Archive the decision in the project management plan
  •  B:将問題日志分發給整個公司 Distribute the issue log throughout the company
  •  C:将該解決方案更新到經驗教訓登記冊中 Update the solution to the Lessons Learned Register
  •  D:要求技術團隊記錄該解決方案 Request the technical team to document the solution

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P98-4.4管理項目知識。“在整個組織中利用該方法”,需要将這個方案添加到組織過程資産。對項目經驗教訓的收集,要在項目實施期間定期舉行,在項目收尾階段,彙入組織過程資産。選項A,情景中詢問的是如何應用到組織當中而不是應用到目前項目。選項B,這是一個可以複用的經驗而不是問題。選項D,已經驗證過了。

4.項目關鍵路徑上的任務所需的裝置傳遞延遲了兩個星期。項目經理應該做什麼?

The delivery of equipment required for tasks on the critical path of the project was delayed by two weeks. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:在風險登記冊中登記該事件,并立即通知項目發起人 Register the event in the risk register and notify the project sponsor immediately
  •  B:在問題日志中解決該事件,并在下次項目狀态會議上讨論 Resolve the event in the issue log and discuss it in the next project status meeting
  •  C:在問題日志中記錄該事件,并立即通知相關方 Document the event in the issue log and notify the stakeholder immediately
  •  D:在風險登記冊中記錄該事件,并在下次項目狀态會議上讨論 Document the event in the risk register and discuss it in the next project status meeting

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P96-4.3.3.4指導與管理項目工作-問題日志。問題已經出現,是以不應将其當成不确定性事件進行管理,排除AD。問題日志側重問題的跟蹤解決和聚焦,而不是簡單的記錄和上報,排除選項C。

5.在指派項目經理前,公司營銷團隊準許了新項目的項目章程。當發送項目章程給項目經理審查時,項目經理發現了幾個問題,包括缺失和不正确的假設。項目經理接下來該做什麼?

The company's marketing team approved a new project charter before assigning the project manager. When the project charter was sent to the project manager for review, the project manager identified several issues, including missing and incorrect assumptions. What should the project manager do next?

  •  A:将觀察結果記錄在假設日志,問題日志和風險登記冊中 Document the observations in the assumption log, issue log, and risk register
  •  B:将觀察結果上報給項目發起人,并請求安排時間審查和修改項目章程 Escalate the observation results to the project sponsor and request time to review and modify the project charter
  •  C:聯系客戶,并請求時間審查和修改項目章程 Contact the customer and request time to review and modify the project charter
  •  D:參照項目章程中的假設,繼續推進規劃階段 Refer to the assumptions in the project charter and continue with the planning phase

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P75-4.1制定項目章程。項目章程在獲得關鍵項目相關方确認的過程中,如果發現存在問題,要及時修訂,并獲得關鍵項目相關方的再次确認。

6.在項目啟動階段,項目經理發現,事業環境因素中最近的變更已對預算産生影響,導緻團隊完成全部工作範圍的事項變得不切實際。項目經理應如何緩解這種情況?

During the project initiation phase, the project manager finds that recent changes of the enterprise environmental factors have had an impact on the budget, making it impractical for the team to complete the full scope of work. How should the project manager deal with this situation?

  •  A:根據糾正後的預算制定項目管理計劃 Develop the project management plan according to the corrected budget
  •  B:聯系項目發起人,更正項目章程并尋求其重新予以準許 Contact the project sponsor to correct the project charter and seek re-approval
  •  C:找機會縮小項目範圍,使之與獲批的預算一緻 Look for opportunities to narrow the project scope to align with the approved budget
  •  D:将範圍方面的顧慮列為一種風險,并制定應急計劃 Identify concerns on project scope as a risk and develop contingency plans

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:PMBOK P81 4.1.3.1 項目章程。關鍵詞“啟動階段“,事業環境因素變更影響了工作範圍,因為在啟動階段,隻有項目章程,含有高層級的需求等資訊,章程由發起人負責,是以選B,對項目章程更新并再次獲得準許。此階段不存在項目管理計劃、範圍,ACD錯

7.在發出新項目的虛拟啟動會議邀請後,公司的幾位資源指出提議的會議時間與進度計劃發生沖突。項目經理應該做什麼?

After sending out invitations for virtual launch meetings for new projects, several of the company's resources indicated that the proposed meeting schedule conflicted with the schedule. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:修改會議議程,以便這些資源能夠參會 Modify the meeting agenda so that these resources can engage
  •  B:将該問題上報給資源經了解決 Escalate the issue to the resource manager for resolution
  •  C:取消會議,重新安排不同的時間 Cancel the meeting and reschedule for a different time
  •  D:如期舉行啟動會議 The launch meeting was held as scheduled

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P86-4.2.2.4會議。 題幹關鍵詞“虛拟啟動會議”、“與進度計劃沖突”。 隻需要重新調整會議時間就能解決題幹所述的問題,故選C; 選項A錯誤,會議議程不等同于會議召開的時間; 選項B錯誤,項目經理可以解決的問題無需上報; 選項D錯誤,沒有重要資源參與的啟動會議就算如期召開也沒有意義。

8.項目經理正在管理一個項目,其供應商負責采購最終組裝所需的一種重要材料,但在進入組裝階段時卻發現這種重要材料的交貨跟蹤記錄不翼而飛,而且這種材料尚未裝運。如果這種材料未按估算的交貨時間運達,這可能會導緻整個進度計劃發生延遲。為解決該問題,項目經理接下來該做什麼?

The project manager was managing a project. The vendor was responsible for purchasing an important material required for final assembly, but it was discovered that the delivery track record of this important material was missing, and this material had not yet been shipped during the assembly phase. If this material does not arrive on estimated delivery time, it may cause a delay in the overall schedule. What should the project manager do next to solve this issue?

  •  A:記錄該情況的所有詳細資訊,并更新問題日志 Document all the details of the situation and update the issue log
  •  B:将該情況報告給項目發起人,并查明延長項目時限将會産生什麼樣的影響 Report the situation to the project sponsor and identify what the impact of a time extension will be
  •  C:轉向先前實施的評估過程中發現的次優的合格采購供應商 Move to sub-optimal qualified procurement vendors identified in the previously implemented evaluation process
  •  D:與采購團隊一起評估該情況,并探索加快交貨的所有可能的解決方案 Work with the procurement team to assess the situation and explore all possible solutions to expedite delivery

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:PMBOK P96 4.3.3.3 問題日志。根據題意,材料跟蹤記錄丢失,已經發生了,屬于問題,首先應該記入問題日志,其次分析影響等具體行動。是以選A。

9.在第一次回顧期間,項目經理識别并記錄了幾個問題。在第二次回顧期間,這些問題依然存在。項目經理在第一次回顧期間本應采取什麼措施?

During the first review, the project manager identifies and documents several issues. During the second review, these issues remains. What should the project manager have done during the first review?

  •  A:與團隊分享問題日志 Share the issue log with the team
  •  B:根據所記錄的問題制定行動計劃 Develop an action plan based on the issues documented
  •  C:請求團隊跟進所有問題 Request the team to follow up with all the issues
  •  D:用行動項目清晰定義問題日志中的問題 Use action projects to define issues in the issue log clearly

正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P96-4.3.3.3指導與管理項目工作-問題日志。問題日志可以幫助項目經理有效跟進和管理問題,確定它們得到調查和解決。之前發現的問題沒解決,那麼接下來要明确如何解決以及有誰來解決。選項A,分享不解決問題,關鍵要有行動。選項C,要有清晰的行動計劃。選項D,問題已經被識别定義。

二、範圍管理

1.在審查一個長期項目期間,相關方對項目經理關于項目績效已随時間轉移而得到改善的主張表示不認同。他們要求送出詳細的報告。項目經理應該怎麼做?

During the review of a long-term project, stakeholders disagree with the project manager’s claim that project performance has been improved over time, and they ask for a detailed report. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:完成趨勢分析,并報告結果 Complete the trend analysis and escalate the results
  •  B:确定進度績效指數(SPI),以顯示團隊的工作效率 Determine the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) to show the team's productivity
  •  C:計算完工尚需估算(ETC),以顯示潛在的新完成日期 Calculate the Estimate to Complete (ETC) to show potential new finish dates
  •  D:執行偏差分析,并報告結果 Execute a variance analysis and escalate the results

正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P170-5.6控制範圍-趨勢分析。“對項目得到改善的主張表示不認同”,而趨勢分析旨在審查項目績效随時間的變化情況,以判斷績效是正在改善還是正在惡化,符合題意。選項B,SPI展現項目目前的進度情況。選項C,ETC用于預測項目的完完工日期,包括在選項A當中。選項D,偏差分析通常用于分析項目的執行情況與計劃之間的差距。

2. 在一個項目中途,一名新項目經理加入團隊。在審查項目管理計劃後,項目經理意識到項目需求存在差距。項目經理下一步應該做什麼?

In the middle of a project, a new project manager joins the team. After reviewing the project management plan, the project manager realized that there was a gap in project requirements. What should the project manager do next?

  •  A:要求項目發起人提供所有遺漏的需求 Request the project sponsor to provide any missing requirements
  •  B:與項目團隊合作以收集所有遺漏的需求 Work with the project team to gather any missing requirements
  •  C:與關鍵相關方開會,以識别與遺漏需求相關的風險 Have a meeting with key stakeholders to identify risks associated with missing requirements
  •  D:安排一次與關鍵相關方的需求澄清會議 Schedule a requirement clarification meeting with key stakeholders

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P170-5.6.2.1,偏差分析。題幹中的關鍵字:“項目中途”“需求存在差距”。根據題幹中的關鍵字,範圍存在差距,需要進行識别和分析,是以和相關方安排會議澄清。選項D正确。項目發起人不負責提供需求,排除A。收集需求在規劃階段開展,此時已經在執行/監控,排除B。選項C在選項D之後。

3.在舉行了幾次會議來确定項目活動之後,項目團隊仍然不贊同許多事項。項目經理應該使用什麼來達成共識?

After several meetings to identify project activities, the project team still disagreed on many issues. What should the project manager use to reach consensus?

  •  A:名義小組技術 Nominal group technique
  •  B:親和圖 Affinity diagrams
  •  C:大多數原則 The majority principle
  •  D:一緻同意原則 The unanimity principle

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P144-5.2.2.4,大多數同意。題幹中的關鍵字:“團隊仍然不贊同許多事項”“使用什麼來達成共識”。從題幹中可以知道項目經理需要确定決策采用的方式,而由于不贊同許多事情,一緻同意不現實,是以選項C正确。名義小組,親和圖都不是做決策的方式,排除AB。由于不贊同許多,是以一緻同意原則很難執行,排除D。

4.項目經理已經非常了解項目相關方的期望,若要有效地規劃,項目項目經理接下來應該采取什麼行動?

The project manager is well aware of the expectations of the project stakeholders and what should the project manager do next to plan effectively?

  •  A:根據資源可用性評估所需的能力 Assess the required capabilities based on resource availability
  •  B:與團隊一起舉行開工會議 Hold a kick-off meeting with the team
  •  C:發現需要并将其分解為需求 Discover the need and break it down into requirements
  •  D:确定項目預算和資金來源 Determine the project budget and source of funding

正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P141-5.2.1.3,相關方登記冊。題幹中的關鍵字是:“已經非常了解項目相關方的期望”“接下來應該采取什麼行動”。是以是選擇識别相關方之後最先要進行的子過程,啟動過程組之後,規劃過程組最先的是識别需求,是以選擇C。估算活動資源和制定預算在識别需求之後,排除AD。開工會議在确定項目計劃之後,規劃結束,執行之前,排除B。

三、進度管理

1.一個項目實施團隊需要滿足一份非常嚴格的進度計劃。相對于已完成的事項,這樣會導緻正在進行的工作超過負荷。為了解決這個問題,項目經理需要獲得額外的資源。項目經理應該向發起人提供什麼理由來支援追加資源的請求?

A project implementation team needs to meet a very strict schedule. Compared with the completed items, this will cause the ongoing work to overload. In order to solve this issue, the project manager needs to obtain additional resources. What reasons should the project manager provide to the sponsor to support the request for additional resources?

  •  A:防止整個項目延遲傳遞 Prevent delays in project delivery
  •  B:提高團隊生産力 Improve the team's productivity
  •  C:在實施過程中推動資源平衡優化 Promote Resource leveling optimization during implementation
  •  D:幫助提高團隊士氣 Help improve team morale

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P222-6.6控制進度。“一份非常嚴格進度計劃”,說明項目相關方對進度比較關注,比較容易從進度的角度來說服發起人追加資源。選項BC,都是通過對資源管理來提升效率,獲得高産出,然而目前團隊的工作已經超負荷,排除。選項C,資源平衡會帶來關鍵路徑延長,影響工期,與情景不符,排除。

2.項目團隊正在執行一個分兩階段開展的項目。該項目目前處于第一階段,第一階段不涉及任何成本,因為成本均計入下一階段。某位團隊成員在此階段無法輕松報告進度績效指數(SPI)。項目經理應該做什麼?

The project team is implementing a two-phase project. It is currently in the first phase, which involves no costs, as the costs are included in the next phase. A team member cannot easily report the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) at this phase. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:審查項目管理計劃,以便将成本配置設定到兩個階段,并計算掙值 (EV) Review the project management plan to allocate costs to two phases and calculate earned value (EV)
  •  B:使用掙值和計劃值(PV)名額監控進度計劃 Monitor the schedule using earned and planned value (PV) metrics
  •  C:将該階段無法報告進度績效指數這一情況報告給項目管理辦公室(PMO) Report management indices that are not possible to report schedule performance index at this phase to the Project Management Office (PMO)
  •  D:将項目分成多個部分并選擇替代名額 Divide the project into multiple sections and select alternative metrics

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P222-6.6控制進度。“無法輕松報告進度績效指數”,問題出在對資料的定義和測量上,特别是第一個階段的成本計入了第二個階段,需要對績效測量名額進行明确。選項A,成本的核算方式已經明确了,排除。選項B,如果績效測量名額是清晰完備的,SPI的計算就不存在困難,排除。選項C,發現的問題做為項目經理要積極解決。

3.由于相關方認為項目的估算成本與之前的類似項目相比非常低,是以他們要求項目經理重新進行成本估算。項目經理應做什麼?

Since the stakeholders consider the estimated cost of the project to be very low compared to similar previous projects, they ask the project manager to re-estimate the cost. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:更新淨值(EV)評估以确定遺漏的成本 Update the Net Value (EV) assessment to determine the cost of missing
  •  B:制定新的方法來計算成本。并制作新的成本估算 Develop new ways to calculate costs and produce new cost estimates
  •  C:審查工作分解結構(WBS),并重新制作成本估算 Review the work breakdown structure (WBS) and re-create cost estimates
  •  D:确定管理和應急儲備,并更新成本 Identify management and contingency reserves and update costs

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P202-6.4.2.5自下而上估算。“與之前的類似項目相比非常低”,類比估算的結果沒有得到認可,接下來可以采用自下而上估算來提升估算的精确度。選項A,掙值是對項目緻行情況的測量,與目前情景不符。選項B,采用新的方法來計算成本是沒有問題的,但是因為選項C直接指出了采用自下而上估算,是以選項B欠佳。選項D,情景中并沒有指出對項目所面臨的風險評估不足導緻了估算偏低,是以排除。

4.項目經理必須确定項目的完成日期。雖然大多數活動都是已知的,但由于産品傳遞日期未知,某些工作包無法安排。項目經理應該使用什麼來向相關方提供完工日期估算?

The project manager must determine the project finish date. Although most activities are known, some work packages cannot be scheduled because the product delivery date is unknown. What should the project manager use to provide the stakeholder with an estimate of the finish date?

  •  A:滾動式規劃 Rolling wave planning
  •  B:蒙特卡洛模拟 Monte Carlo simulation
  •  C:分解 Decomposition
  •  D:計劃評審技術(PERT) Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P213-6.5.2.4資料分析-模拟。這題易選錯成A。“必須确定項目的完工日期”,采用滾動式規劃就不合适了,排除AC選項。此時需要借助蒙特卡洛技術,對項目完成日期的可能分布進行預測。

蒙特卡洛模拟:一種計算機模型分析技術,基于機率分布和機率分支進行許多 次疊代,每次疊代都随機抽取輸入資料。最終輸出的是可能的項目結果的機率分布區間。

PMP備考錯題集-章節專題

5.一個項目的工作說明書(SOW)要求在六個月内傳遞項目。項目經理擔心時間表不合理。 為解決這種情況,項目經理應該怎麼做?

A project's Statement of work (SOW) required delivery within six months. The project manager is concerned that the schedule is not reasonable. What should the project manager do to resolve this situation?

  •  A:按照 SOW 制定項目管理計劃 Develop the project management plan according to SOW
  •  B:請求額外的資源 Request additional resources
  •  C:與主題專家(SMEs)和發起人會面,以設定可實作的期望 Have a meeting with subject matter experts (SMEs) and sponsors to set achievable expectations
  •  D:通知項目發起人不能滿足時間表 Notify the project sponsor that the schedule cannot be met

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P200-6.4.2.1專家判斷。 題幹關鍵詞“時間表不合理”。 題幹所述的問題,定位在制定進度計劃之前的估算活動時間過程,現在這個時間不合理,在缺乏其他資訊支撐的情況下,最佳方案是尋求專家的幫助,故選C; 選項A錯誤,忽略了SOW的限制條件; 選項B錯誤,不能脫離進度計劃單單請求增加資源; 選項D錯誤,行動消極。

6.某供應商正在傳遞某複雜産品的一項改進。需求檔案中未對某重要功能适當界定。項目經理該做什麼?

A vendor is delivering an improvement on a complex product. An important function is not properly defined in the Requirements Documentation. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:所需功能一經确定,即送出變更請求 Submit a change request once the required functionality has been identified
  •  B:熟悉采購和締約過程 Be familiar with the procurement and contracting process
  •  C:在項目的整個實施過程中讓使用者參與進來,以便定義和詳述需求 Involve users throughout the implementation of the project to define and detail requirements
  •  D:進行市場調查,以便備選供應商可以傳遞所需功能 Execute market research so that alternative vendors can deliver the required functionality

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P185-6.2.2.3,滾動式規劃。題幹中的關鍵字是:“未對某重要功能适當界定”。當功能界定不清晰時,應當想到項目的特點:漸進明細,而PMP中最好反應漸進明細的工具是滾動式規劃,在項目實施的過程中逐漸分解活動,選項C正确。未适當界定不代表範圍基準需要更新更新,排除A。本題目和采購無關,題目中供應商為幹擾詞,排除B。從題目場景看,項目經理應該為乙方項目經理,并不參與供應商選擇,排除D。

四、成本管理

1.在項目執行期間,大家注意到實際支出與基準成本估算相比過高。項目經理下一步應該做什麼?

During the execution of the project, it was noted that actual expenditures were too high compared to baseline cost estimates. What should the project manager do next?

  •  A:重新審視項目範圍并縮減高成本事項 Re-examine the project scope and reduce high-cost matters
  •  B:檢視假設日志以了解哪些成本假設是錯誤的 Review the assumption log to see which cost assumptions are wrong
  •  C:檢視曆史資料以獲得新的成本估算 View historical data for new cost estimates
  •  D:更新成本預測并與項目發起人讨論選項 Update the cost forecast and discuss options with the project sponsor

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P257-7.4控制成本。 題幹關鍵詞“實際支出超出成本基準”。 發生了問題,首先要分析問題,然後才是解決問題,優選B。 選項ACD都是在B之後可能采取的行動之一。

2.某經驗豐富的項目經理最近被指派管理某經曆破産正在複蘇的城市的多個項目。該城市預算緊張。在計算非預期預算以便為項目的現金流突發情況作出調整時,項目經理規劃預算時應将哪個成本要素考慮在内?

An experienced project manager was recently assigned to manage a number of projects in a city recovering from bankruptcy. The city is on a tight budget. Which cost factor should the project manager take into account when planning the budget when calculating the unexpected budget to make adjustments for the project's cash flow contingencies?

  •  A:實際成本(AC) Actual cost (AC)
  •  B:掙值(EV) Earned value (EV)
  •  C:計劃價值(PV) Planned value (PV)
  •  D:成本偏差 (CV) Cost variance (CV)

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P262-成本偏差。題幹關鍵詞“現金流突發情況”。為了應付現金流突發狀況,有必要考慮做儲備。做儲備的前提是要知道掙值與實際成本之間的差距,才好做儲備規劃。成本偏差CV就是指出了實際績效與成本支出之間的關系,故選D。ABC都不能直接展現“實際”和“預算”之間的差距,排除。

3.某項目團隊完成了項目A的可傳遞成果,該團隊需要立即開始項目B這個新項目,以便按時傳遞該項目。項目經理希望與該團隊舉行外部會議。以擷取項目A的經驗教訓,但忘記為該活動安排預算。項目經理如何才能舉行該會議?

A project team has completed the deliverables of Project A and needs to start the new project, Project B, immediately in order to deliver the project on time. The project manager wishes to hold an external meeting with the team to capture the lessons learned on Project A, but he forgets to budget for the activity. How can the project manager hold the meeting?

  •  A:動用項目 A 的應急儲備來舉行該會議 Hold the meeting from the contingency reserve under Project A
  •  B:在項目 B 的項目啟動階段增加一項任務 Add a task during the project initiation phase of Project B
  •  C:舉行内部會議以獲得經驗教訓 Hold internal meetings to get lessons learned
  •  D:提出針對額外資金的變更請求,以便舉行該會議 Make a change request for additional funds in order to hold the meeting

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P269-7.4.3.3變更請求。 題幹關鍵詞“忘記為該活動安排預算”。 問題的原因已經清楚了,那就着手解決問題,通過整理變更控制流程來完成,故選D。 選項A錯誤,項目A已經結束,不應動用A的應急儲備來處理額外的超支; 選項B錯誤,語焉不詳,未說明增加一個什麼任務; 選項C錯誤,内部會議未必能取得外部會議同樣的效果,排除。

4.一個項目預算為6000萬美元,預計需要24個月才能完成。12個月後,該項目完成了 60%,并使用了 3500萬美元。那麼預算和進度的狀态如何?

A project with a budget of $60 million is expected to take 24 months to complete. Twelve months later, the project was 60% complete and used $35 million. What is the status of budget and progress?

  •  A:符合預算,并超前于進度 On budget and ahead of schedule
  •  B:超出預算,但超前于進度 Over the budget and ahead of schedule
  •  C:符合預算和進度 On budget and on schedule
  •  D:落後于進度,并超出預算 Behind schedule and over the budget

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P267-表7-1掙值計算彙總表。 由題幹已知,BAC=6000萬,24個月完工。 12個月後,EV=60%*6000萬=3600萬,PV=50%*6000=3000萬,AC=3500萬, 則SPI=EV/PV=3600/3000>1,代表進度超前; CPI=EV/AC=3600/3500>1,代表成本有結餘; 綜上,選A。

5.完成進度計劃中考慮的所有活動的估算成本為14,500美元。該項目的發起人需要至少90%的成本基準确定性水準,按照蒙特卡洛模拟的結果,計算的預計成本為:機率 估算成本 40% 10,000 美元 50% 12,000 美元 60% 13,000 美元 70% 15,000 美元 80% 18,000 美元 90% 20,000 美元 100% 21,000美元 若要滿足發起人的要求,應急儲備應該是多少?

The estimated cost of completing all activities considered in the schedule is $14,500. The sponsor of the project needs at least 90% of the cost baseline determination level and, based on the results of the Monte Carlo simulation, the estimated cost calculated is: probability estimated cost 40%; $10,000 50%; $12,000 60%; $13,000 70%; $15,000 80%; $18,000 90%; $20,000 100%; $21,000. What should be the contingency reserve to meet the sponsor's requirements?

  •  A:5,500美元

    $5,500

  •  B:6,500美元

    $6,500

  •  C:7,000美元

    $7,000

  •  D:8,200美元

    $8,200

正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P254-7.3.3.1成本基準。按照90%機率的成本基準,20000美元,其中各活動的累加值是14500美元,是以應急儲備要達到20000-14500=5500美元。

6.一個項目已經支出350萬美元,現在已經完成400萬元美元的工作。該項目的計劃價值(PV)為800萬美元。主題專家(SME)估算還需要600萬美元來完成該項目。完成該項目的技術方法不再有效。目前的完工估算(EAC)是多少?

A project has spent $3.5 million, and work worth $4 million has now been completed. The planned value (PV) of the project is $8 million. The subject matter expert (SME) estimates that another $6 million will be needed to complete the project. The technical method to complete the project is no longer valid. What is the current estimate at completion (EAC)?

  •  A:800萬美元

    $8 million

  •  B:950萬美元

    $9.5 million

  •  C:1000萬美元

    $10 million

  •  D:1150萬美元

    $11.5 million

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P267-表7-1掙值計算彙總表。 題幹關鍵詞“技術方法不再有效”。 由關鍵詞可知,最初的計劃不再有效,意味着CPI和SPI都不能對後續的工作産生影響,那麼要應用EAC=AC+ETC, 本題中,AC=350萬,ETC=600萬,是以EAC=950萬,選B。

7.一個正在執行的項目的成本績效指數(CPI)為1.25,進度績效指數(SPI)為0.8,計劃價值(PV)為10,000美元,完工預算(BAC)為100,000美元。為了讓項目按計劃完成,必須保持的效率是多少? 

The cost performance index (CPI) of an ongoing project is 1.25, the schedule performance index (SPI) is 0.8, the planned value (PV) is $10,000, and the budget at completion (BAC) is $100,000. What is the efficiency that must be maintained in order for the project to be completed as planned?

  •  A:0.728

    0.728

  •  B:0.983

    0.983

  •  C:1.017

    1.017

  •  D:1.563

    1.563

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P267-表7-1掙值計算彙總表。 題幹關鍵詞“按計劃完成”。 本題已知CPI=1.25,SPI=0.8,PV=10000,BAC=100000,問的是TCPI是多少? 需要先求得EV和AC: EV=SPI*PV=0.8*10000=8000, AC=EV/CPI=8000/1.25=6400. 由于要求按計劃完成,是以TCPI=(BAC-EV)/(BAC-AC)=(100000-8000)/(100000-6400)=0.983,故選B。

五、品質管理

1.某新聘項目經理接手了一個正在開展的項目。審查項目管理計劃時,該項目經理意識到,品質管理計劃偏離了已知的品質要求。項目經理首先應該做什麼?

A newly hired project manager took over an ongoing project. When reviewing the project management plan, the project manager realized that the quality management plan deviated from known quality requirements. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A:與項目相關方一起審查品質管理計劃 Review the quality management plan together with project stakeholders
  •  B:準備并送出更新品質管理計劃的變更請求 Prepare and submit a change request to update the quality management plan
  •  C:確定項目遵循目前的品質管理計劃 Ensure that the project follows the current quality management plan
  •  D:将該項目制定為品質标準可發生變化的靈活項目 Develop projects as agile projects with good quality criteria

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P306-8.3.3.4控制品質-變更請求。這道題目容易選A,但是要注意“審查項目管理計劃時”,說明選項A的内容已經做了,那麼接下來針對發現的問題進行糾正,是以選B。選項C,管理計劃已經不可用。選項D,情景中沒有提到品質标準靈活多變,是以采用靈活的方式進行管理欠妥。

2.一所大學有一個項目,為新錄取的學生實施新的線上申請系統,試驗解決方案顯示,大量申請捕捉到不完整和不準确的資料。項目團隊、主題專家(SME)和關鍵相關方召開了一次研讨會,以調查這些錯誤的原因。若要專注于正确的領域進行變更,進而提高資料捕捉流程的品質,項目經理應該與團隊一起使用下列哪一項技術?

A university has a project to implement a new online application system for new students, and pilot solutions show that large numbers of applications capture incomplete and inaccurate data. The project team, subject matter experts (SME), and key stakeholders held a workshop to investigate the causes of these errors. To focus on making changes in the right areas to improve the quality of the data capture process, which of the following techniques should the project manager use with the team?

  •  A:因果圖 Cause and effect diagrams
  •  B:親和圖 Affinity diagrams
  •  C:影響圖 Influence diagrams
  •  D:魚骨圖 Fishbone diagrams

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P293,8.2.2.4資料表現-親和圖。親和圖可以對潛在缺陷成因進行分類,展示最應關注的領域。這道題目容易選A或者D,但是要注意“大量申請捕捉到不完整和不準确的資料”,首先需要對捕捉到的資料進行分類才能展開分析。選項C,影響圖是不确定條件下決策制定的圖形輔助工具。它将一個項目或項目中的一種情境表現為一系列實體、結果和影響,以及它們之間的關系和互相影響。

3.項目經理正在為一個大型項目起草品質管理計劃,根據最近類似項目的經驗,項目經理知道一些分包商傾向于使用經驗不足的資源,進而導緻可傳遞成果品質不足。項目經理應該如何最大限度的減少可能出現的任何品質問題?

The project manager is drafting a quality management plan for a large project and, based on recent experience with similar projects, the project manager is aware that some subcontractors tend to use inexperienced resources, resulting in insufficient quality deliverables. How should the project manager minimize any quality issues that may arise?

  •  A:對所有裡程碑可傳遞成果強制要求并執行全面檢查 Mandate all milestone deliverables and execute a thorough inspection
  •  B:在項目生命周期中增加品質檢查的頻率 Increase the frequency of quality checks throughout the project life cycle
  •  C:修訂分包商合同中有關此情景的處罰條款 Amend the penalties in the subcontractor's contract for this scenario
  •  D:在品質管理計劃中包含資源的最低資格要求 Minimum eligibility requirements for including resources in a quality management plan

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P286,8.1.3.1-品質管理計劃,品質管理計劃是項目管理計劃的組成部分,描述如何實施适用的政策、程式和指南以實作品質目标。導緻産生品質問題的原因是可用資源經驗不足,為避免問題重複出現,需要提前對資源能力進行約定。“預防勝于檢查”,是以提前約定,要好于頻繁的檢查和懲罰,排除ABC選項。

4.在項目執行期間,監管合規團隊公布了新的品質标準。更新品質管理計劃時,項目經理應考慮什麼?

During the execution of the project, the regulatory compliance team published new quality criteria. What should the project manager consider when updating the quality management plan?

  •  A:經驗教訓登記冊 The Lessons learned register
  •  B:成本效益分析 Cost-benefit analysis
  •  C:風險登記冊 The risk register
  •  D:事業環境因素 Enterprise environmental factors

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P301,8.3.1.6-控制品質-事業環境因素。“新的品質标準”是對目前項目的制約,是以屬于事業環境因素。選項A,經驗教訓登記冊記錄在項目實施期間識别的經驗教訓。選項B,成本效益分析是對财務投入和産出關系的分析。選項C,風險登記冊記錄已識别的風險。

5.雖然已為一個多階段項目制定了項目管理程式,但在第一階段産生了品質較差的可傳遞成果。項目經理首先應該做什麼?

While project management procedures have been developed for a multi-phase project, the first phase has resulted in poor quality deliverables. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A:識别根本原因 Identify the root cause
  •  B:審計品質過程 Audit quality processes
  •  C:更新品質管理過程 Update the quality management process
  •  D:增加完成品質控制的資源 Increase resources to complete quality control

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P303,8.3.2.2-資料分析-根本原因分析。因為情景中沒有強調是大面積的共性問題,是以此時不采用品質審計,排除B選項。選項CD,是在解決目前問題後可能做出的調整。

6.核對已完成的工程工作進行随機檢查時,發現某些元件不符合标準。工程經理向項目經理保證,不符合标準元件的數量很少,不會影響整體項目品質。 項目經理應該做什麼?

During random checks of completed engineering work, some components were found to be non-conforming. The project manager assures the project manager that the number of non-conforming components is small and will not affect overall project quality. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:記錄工程經理的評論,并繼續推進項目以避免延期 Document the comments of the project manager and move the project forward to avoid delays
  •  B:堅持要求團隊拆除已完成的工作并替換不符合标準的元件 Insist that the team dismantle the completed work and replace the non-conforming components
  •  C:使用統計抽樣來驗證元件的品質是否在可接受的水準内 Statistical sampling is used to verify that the quality of the component is within an acceptable level
  •  D:參考既定的品質保證政策和程式,以确定适當的措施 Refer to established quality assurance policies and procedures to determine appropriate actions

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P428,8.2-管理品質。随機檢查發現的品質問題預示着可能屬于大面積出現的共性問題,此時要實施管理品質活動,從流程上去預防品質問題的發生。選項A,問題需要解決,不能簡單的記錄了事。選項B,沒有解決潛在的隐患。選項C,随機檢查即是統計抽樣,已經做過了。

六、資源管理

1.項目團隊已成功傳遞了項目,該成功一定程度上歸功于有效的團隊建設。下列哪一項對該有效的團隊建設有最大貢獻?

The project team has successfully delivered the project, and this success is partly attributed to effective team building. Which of the following has the greatest contribution to effective team building?

  •  A:有效的組織過程 A valid group process
  •  B:靈活的變更控制程式 Flexible change control procedures
  •  C:有規律的團隊會議 Regular team meetings
  •  D:挑戰性的項目目标 Challenging project objectives

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P341,9.4.2.4人際關系與團隊技能-團隊建設。團隊建設是通過舉辦各種活動,強化團隊的社交關系,打造積極合作的工作環境。團隊建設活動既可以是狀态審查會上的五分鐘議程,也可以是為改善人際關系而設計的、在非工作場所專門舉辦的專業提升活動。

2.項目團隊積極性不高,其工作效率也在下降,這将導緻項目進度計劃面臨風險。項目經理該做什麼來鼓勵團隊?

The project teams are less motivated and less productive, which can put project schedules at risk. What should the project manager do to encourage the team?

  •  A:了解團隊成員的個人需要,并通過滿足他們的需要鼓勵其提高績效 Understand the individual needs of team members and meet their needs to encourage them to improve their assessment
  •  B:運用服務型上司法并計劃團隊建設活動,以幫助鼓勵團隊成員提高績效 Apply a service-based leadership approach and plan team building activities to help encourage team members to improve the law
  •  C:審查團隊章程,并使用與團隊成員的個人需要相關的行動更新團隊章程 Review the team charter and update the team charter with actions related to the individual needs of the team members
  •  D:請求項目發起人提供可為團隊建設活動配置設定的額外預算 Request the project sponsor to provide additional budget that can be assigned to team building activities

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)341-9.4.2.5認可與獎勵。情景中沒有提到團隊成員之間的配合出現問題,是以不宜開展團隊建設活動。此時宜結合組織理論,對團隊成員進行激勵,提升其積極性,排除BD選項。選項C,團隊章程是團隊運作的基本規則。

3.項目經理發現其中一名團隊成員在沒有通知項目經理的情況下與客戶溝通項目可傳遞成果和項目進度事宜。項目經理應該做什麼?

The project manager finds that one of the team members communicated with the client about project deliverables and project schedule without notifying the project manager. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:與該團隊成員溝通資源分解結構(RBS) Communicate the Resource Breakdown Structure (RBS) with the team member
  •  B:在下一次計劃的進度會議中讨論該情況 Discuss the situation at the next planned schedule meeting
  •  C:與該團隊成員溝通執行、負責、咨詢和知情(RACI)圖表 Communicate the Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, Informed (RACI) charts with the team member
  •  D:每天向客戶發送包含團隊成就更新的電子郵件 Send daily e-mails to customers with updates on team achievements

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P316,9.1.1.2資料表現-RACI矩陣。從情景描述看,團隊成員沒有遵循溝通管理計劃,應該首先強調溝通管理計劃的重要性,但是選項中沒有,是以強調一下團隊職責角色也沒錯。選項A,資源分解結構是資源的分類。選項B,問題不是出在進度上。選項D,遵循溝通管理計劃進行溝通。

4.客戶和硬體工程團隊對用于衡量品質的控制圖現值意見不一緻。項目經理與兩個相關方開會并聽取他們的意見,為了繼續該項目,項目經理覺得使用雙方意見的平均值。這屬于下列哪一項的執行個體?

The customers and hardware engineering teams disagree on the present value of the control chart used to measure quality. The project manager meets with two stakeholders and listens to their opinions. In order to continue the project, the project manager believes that the average of b the present values provided by both stakeholders should be used. Which of the following examples does this belong to?

  •  A:緩解 Ease
  •  B:妥協 Compromise
  •  C:解決問題 Problem solving
  •  D:協作 Collaboration

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P348-9.5.2.1人際關系與團隊技能-沖突管理。“适用雙方意見的平均值”,沖突的雙方都做出了讓步,屬于妥協政策。

PMP備考錯題集-章節專題

5.一位項目團隊成員決定優先處理職能性工作,而不是項目中被配置設定的任務,項目經理如何確定項目和所有任務保持正軌?

How does the project manager ensure that the project and all tasks are on track when a project team member decides to prioritize functional work rather than tasks assigned in the project?

  •  A:與該團隊成員讨論動機,以更好地了解其工作量 Discuss motivations with the team member to better understand their workload
  •  B:與該團隊成員的職能經理會面,建議将項目任務納入績效考核 Have a meeting with the team member's functional manager and recommend that project tasks be included in the performance review
  •  C:為該團隊成員提供薪酬激勵,以完成所配置設定的項目工作 Provide compensation incentives to the team member to complete the assigned project work
  •  D:将該團隊成員的不合格情況更新上報給其職能經理并請求其他資源 Escalate the team member's nonconformity to their functional manager and request additional resources

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P350-影響力。 題幹關鍵詞“優先處理職能性工作”。 矩陣環境中,團隊成員實際由職能經理管理,職能經理具有評估績效等對員工的企業實際權力。項目經理沒有實際管理權力,在題目中當資源在項目和行政工作存在沖突并且優先處理行政工作時,需要與其職能經理(資源相關方)協商來解決該問題。選項B,因在矩陣企業,對資源滞後處理項目工作,應與資源上級即職能經理協商,以促進完成項目工作,選項中“将項目工作納入績效考核”是合适的方案。 選項A錯誤,這不是工作量的問題,而是工作優先級的問題; 選項C錯誤,認可和獎勵應該在團隊成員有優良表現時施行; 選項D錯誤,采取的措施極端且消極。

6.一位有影響力的職能上司從項目中開除了一位關鍵團隊資源,這一行動将對關鍵路徑上的活動造成負面影響。項目經理應該做什麼?

An influential functional leader removes a key team resource from the project, which will negatively impacts activities on the critical path. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:與該職能上司協商,并影響其轉變決定 Consult with the functional leadership and influence their transition decisions
  •  B:讓發起人與該職能上司讨論這名資源的重要性 Have the sponsor discuss the importance of this resource with the functional leader
  •  C:分析對項目管理計劃的影響并送出變更請求 Analyze the impact on the project management plan and submit change requests
  •  D:遵循資源管理計劃擷取替代資源 Follow the resource management plan to obtain alternative resources

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P357-9.6.3.2變更請求。 題幹關鍵詞“造成負面影響”、“該怎麼做”。 資源的變動對項目進度産生裡負面影響,定位在9.6控制資源。這時應該考慮按整體變更控制流程送出變更請求,選C。 選項ABD都是在C之後可能采取的行動之一。

7.在某項目的監督階段,項目經理發現了項目從業人員未使用經驗教訓更新項目文檔。項目經理應如何應對這種情況?

During the supervision phase of a project, the project manager discovered that the project staff was not using lessons learned to update the project documentation. How should the project manager respond to this situation?

  •  A:将經驗教訓連同簡明的行動計劃記入問題日志 Document the lessons learned along with a concise action plan in the issue log
  •  B:審查經驗教訓的記錄過程,并将之告知項目團隊 Review the documented process of learning and communicate it to the project team
  •  C:舉行教育訓練會議,為項目團隊成員提供經驗教訓 Execute training meetings to provide lessons learned to project team members
  •  D:請求項目成員将所有經驗教訓發給項目經理 Ask project members to send all lessons learned to the project manager

正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P342-9.4.2.6教育訓練。 題幹關鍵詞“未使用經驗教訓更新項目文檔”。 本題用排除法為宜。 選項A錯誤,問題日志中不會記載經驗教訓的具體内容; 選項B錯誤,經驗教訓的記錄過程本身沒有問題,簡單告知團隊不能徹底解決問題; 選項C正确,通過教育訓練提高團隊成員的能力; 選項D錯誤,收集經驗教訓不是靠項目經理一個人。

8.首席執行官(CEO)釋出說明,為了改進各項目之間的資源配置設定,明年将對目前的職能型組織結構作出調整,轉而采用一種矩陣結構。當項目經理就該決定對目前項目的影響詢問人力資源經理時,人力資源經理說現有項目的資源配置設定不會有變。根據這一回答,項目經理仍應審查以下哪項?

The Chief Executive Officer (CEO) announced that in order to improve the allocation of resources between projects, next year, the current functional organizational structure will be adjusted to adopt a matrix structure. When the project manager asked the human resource manager about the impact of the decision on the current project, the human resource manager said that the resource allocation of the existing project would not change. Based on this answer, which of the following should still be reviewed by the project manager?

  •  A:風險管理計劃 The risk management plan
  •  B:責任配置設定矩陣(RAM) The Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)
  •  C:資源分解結構 The resource breakdown structure
  •  D:相關方參與計劃 The Stakeholder engagement plan

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P317-責任配置設定矩陣。 題幹關鍵詞“組織結構”、“資源配置設定不會有變”。 組織結構發生變化,項目經理關心的是工作包、活動與團隊成員之間的關系是否發生了變化,是以要去審查RAM,選B。 選項AD屬于知識領域定位錯誤; 選項C是按資源類别和類型進行展現的層級清單,不能說明人與工作包之間的關系。

9.某項目團隊的成員來自多個職能部門,生于不同的時代,這導緻他們各有不同的觀點,思想和想法。項目經理應如何確定項目得到有效執行?

The members of a project team come from multiple functional departments and are born in different times, which leads to their different viewpoints, thoughts and ideas. How should the project manager ensure that the project is effectively executed?

  •  A:幫助營造通力協作的決策環境,以便團隊能夠集體負責開展工作 Help create a collaborative decision-making environment where the team can work collectively
  •  B:當團隊成員之間存在分歧時,采用舉手表決這種決策技術 Use a show of hands as the decision-making technique when there is a disagreement among team members
  •  C:根據項目管理計劃執行項目,并指派團隊成員開展項目進度計劃中的任務 Execute the project according to the project management plan and assign team members to carry out the tasks in the project schedule
  •  D:咨詢采購專業人士,以識别潛在問題和團隊所需知識資本 Consult purchasing professionals to identify potential issues and the knowledge capital required by the team

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P386-人際交往、政治意識。 題幹關鍵詞“來自于多個職能部門”、“生于不同的時代”“不同觀點、思想、想法”。 本題采用排除法為宜。 選項B錯誤,題幹不涉及決策; 選項C錯誤,題幹與進度計劃無關; 選項D錯誤,題幹與采購無關,也不需要做有關知識資本的工作。 綜合來看,A是最佳選項。

10.項目經理在配置設定任務和調用團隊成員方面遇到問題,某些團隊成員也在做一些與項目無關的任務。為什麼發生這些問題?

The project manager is having problems assigning tasks and calling team members, and some team members are doing tasks unrelated to the project. Why do these issues occur?

  •  A:項目經理沒有實施職能所需的職權 The project manager does not have the authority necessary to carry out the function
  •  B:團隊成員不能勝任項目工作 Team members are not competent for the project
  •  C:相關方未推動項目團隊開展工作 The stakeholder did not promote the project team to carry out work
  •  D:項目進展比項目管理計劃提前 The project schedule is ahead of the project management plan

正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P357-影響力。 關鍵詞“項目經理在配置設定任務和調用團隊成員方面遇到問題” 項目經理在管理團隊的能力有缺失,做得不夠好。選項A指向項目經理沒有行使應有的職權,影響力以及調配項目工作。選A 選項B錯誤,問題的原因不在于團隊成員不能勝任; 選項C錯誤,相關方的推動與否不是這個問題的原因; 選項D錯誤,與進度無關;

11.由于對項目方向的意見有沖突,一位團隊成員辭職,項目經理應該做什麼?

What should the project manager do if a team member resigns due to conflicting opinions about the direction of the project?

  •  A:說服該資源留下來,因為他們對項目團隊的成功非常寶貴 Convince the resource to stay, as they are invaluable to the success of the project team
  •  B:立即通知項目發起人,并招募替代人員,以盡可能減少項目偏移 Notify the project sponsor immediately and recruit replacement personnel to minimize project offshoring
  •  C:修改項目團隊配置設定檔案,并更新資源管理計劃 Modify project team assignment documents and update resource management plan
  •  D:更新資源管理計劃,并修改項目進度計劃以反映資源短缺 Update the resource management plan and modify the project schedule to reflect resource shortages

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P358-資源管理計劃。 本題用排除法為宜。 選項A錯誤,項目方向有意見的資源一般很難繼續合作; 選項B錯誤,不是項目經理不能解決的問題,不需要上報發起人; 選項C正确; 選項D錯誤,題目當中沒有提及到資源離職對于項目進度的影響,是以直接就采取修改進度計劃的方式不可取.

七、溝通管理

1.某大型項目的項目經理觀察到,相關方的溝通方式将危及項目的成功。項目經理應該做什麼來應對這種情況?

The project manager for a large project observes that the way the stakeholder communicates would jeopardize the success of the project. What should the project manager do to deal with this situation?

  •  A:将該問題上報給發起人,以確定這種情況不會重複發生 Escalate the issue to the sponsor to ensure that it does not recur
  •  B:參照溝通管理計劃,尋求讓相關方了解相關情況方面的指導 Refer to the communications management plan and seek guidance for stakeholders to understand the relevant situation
  •  C:審查事業環境因素(EEFs),以建立适當的溝通管道 Review Enterprise Environmental Factors (EEFs) to establish appropriate communication channels
  •  D:直接與相關方讨論該問題,以糾正溝通問題 Discuss the issue directly with the stakeholder to correct the communication problem

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P388-10.3監督溝通。監督溝通是確定滿足項目及其相關方的資訊需求的過程。題目的關鍵場景:相關方的溝通方式會影響到項目的成功。問題更多的指向是相關方的問題,是以我們是從相關方的角度去讨論溝通方式相關的情況。因為問題的場景沒有明确是相關方認為我們的制定的溝通管理計劃出現了問題,是以最佳的方式是先跟相關方溝通了解他的溝通的需求,然後再對相關方的溝通方式做相應的引導。

2.項目批文已收到,而且已根據溝通管理計劃與所有項目相關方進行溝通,其中一位相關方已被調任。新指派的相關方已加入進來。提出将改變項目範圍和預算的請求。項目經理該做什麼?

Project approvals have been received, and all project stakeholders have been communicated according to the communications management plan. One of whom has been transferred, and newly appointed stakeholders have joined in, make a request that the project scope and budget will be changed. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:與項目發起人和相關方開會磋商,以期維持初始需求不變 Meet with the project sponsor and stakeholders to maintain initial requirements
  •  B:與相關方的經理交談,将變更請求告知他們 Talk to the managers of the stakeholders and inform them of the change request
  •  C:将相關方的新需求告知項目發起人,并準備變更請求 Inform the project sponsor of new requirements from the stakeholders and prepare change requests
  •  D:與相關方開會,分享已獲批的項目管理計劃 Meet with the stakeholders to share approved project management plans

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P379,10.2-管理溝通。這道題目需要采用排除法,因為新加入的項目相關方提出了變更請求,應當遵循整體變更控制流程。未經評估決策前就拒絕或執行都是錯誤的,排除選項AC。對于變更請求要進行評估,而不僅僅是告知,排除選項B。排除3個選項後,隻有選項D沒有明顯錯誤。

3.某項目經理的團隊成員位于三大洲。項目經理發現,某些項目團隊成員無法及時收到重要資訊。項目經理該做什麼?

A project manager's team members are located on three continents. The project manager found that some project team members did not receive important information in a timely manner. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:對所有進度計劃做出調整,以便每個人都能同時工作。進而實作實時溝通和決策 Make adjustments to all schedules so that everyone can work at the same time. This enables real-time communication and decision-making
  •  B:輪流安排電話會議和視訊會議,以便顧及每個人的日程安排,使團隊成員能夠進行互動 Take turns scheduling conference calls and videocons to take into account each person's schedule and enable team members to interact
  •  C:在分散工作團隊之間僅使用電子郵件和書面通信,以便團隊成員保留書面記錄 Use only e-mail and written communications between decentralized work teams so that team members can keep written records
  •  D:啟用各團隊内的一個中心人物,限制分散工作團隊之間的溝通,進而減少錯誤傳達的發生 Enable a central person within each team to limit communication between decentralized work teams, reducing the occurrence of false communication

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P392-10.3.2.5會議。 題幹關鍵詞“無法及時收到重要資訊”。 本題用排除法為宜。 選項A錯誤,關鍵詞說明這是一個溝通問題,而不是進度計劃出了問題; 選項B正确,互動式的溝通(會議)有利于團隊成員交流和分享資訊; 選項C錯誤,推式溝通效果不如互動式溝通; 選項D錯誤,為了減少錯誤傳達而限制溝通是消極的做法。

4.某項目已落後于進度計劃,項目經理已認證最新的狀态報告将此問題上報給指導委員會,某職能部門傳遞經理建議,他們尚不清楚狀态更新中的報告的進度計劃延遲情況。項目經理該做什麼?

A project is behind schedule, the project manager has escalated the issue to the steering committee through the latest status report, and a functional delivery manager claims that they are not yet aware of the schedule delays in the status update report. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:讓職能部門經理參閱定期團隊狀态更新,該問題會在上報前首先予以報告

    Have the functional manager refer to regular team status updates, and the issue will be escalated before escalation

  •  B:更新溝通管理計劃,以反映職能部門經理的需求,并發送狀态更新的早期草案

    Update the communications management plan to reflect the requirements of the functional manager and send early draft status updates

  •  C:向指導委員會全體成員發送每周進展情況報告,并在開會前收集回報

    Send weekly progress reports to all members of the Steering Committee and gather feedback before meetings

  •  D:查閱相關方參與計劃,并執行相關活動,以確定符合所有相關方的溝通需要

    Review the stakeholder engagement plan and execute related activities to ensure that the communication requirements of all stakeholders are met

正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P388,10.3-監督溝通。雖然報告已發送給相關方,但相關方仍然對需要溝通的資訊不了解,說明溝通管理計劃存在缺陷。要想解決問題,需要從相關方的溝通需求開始梳理,更新溝通管理計劃。選項A,沒有從源頭上解決問題。選項B,在選項D之後。選項C,之前發送過。

八、風險管理

1.某軟體開發項目的項目發起人對于整體負面項目風險可能會導緻項目目标無法實作一事表示憂慮。項目經理可以采取以下哪種政策來調整整體項目風險的級别并優化實作項目目标的可能性?

The project sponsor of a software development project are concerned that overall negative project risks may result in the failure of the project objectives. Which of the following strategies can the project manager adopt to adjust the overall project risk level and optimize the likelihood of achieving project objectives?

  •  A:舉行風險評估研讨會,以便最大程度地降低風險影響估算 Execute risk assessment workshops to minimize risk impact estimation
  •  B:将高收益要素增加到項目範圍之中 Add high-yield elements to the project scope
  •  C:将風險轉移給第三方 Transfer risks to a third party
  •  D:更改項目的範圍和界限 Change the project scope and boundary

正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P445-11.5.2.7整體項目風險應對政策。取消項目範圍中的高風險工作,是一種整個項目層面的規避措施。選項A,掩耳盜鈴,降低估算,并不意味着風險不會發生。選項B,情景中沒有提到高收益因素。選項C,注意情景中關注的是”調整整體項目風險的級别”,轉移後,風險仍然存在,隻是損失由第三方承擔。

2.關鍵路徑上的其中一項任務被認為具有高風險,因為它是一個全新的創新性任務。項目經理該做什麼?

One of the tasks on the critical path is considered high-risk because it is a completely new and innovative task. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:闡明特定需求,以降低不确定性 Clarify specific requirements to reduce uncertainty
  •  B:更新品質管理計劃,将更多測試包含進來 Update the quality management plan to include more tests
  •  C:忽視該風險,因為有充足的應急儲備 Ignore this risk because there are sufficient contingency reserves
  •  D:更新進度計劃,将該任務從關鍵路徑移除 Update the schedule to remove the task from the critical path

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P409,11.2-識别風險。“具有高風險”,要對風險進行分析評估,根據評估制定應對計劃。選項BD是可能做出的應對計劃。選項C是可能選擇的應對政策。

3.項目經理在開始項目之前得知一個高風險事項,項目經理已完成風險分析,并得出結論認為該風險是正面、高影響、低機率的風險。項目經理應該怎麼做?

The project manager is informed of a high-risk matter prior to the start of the project, and the project manager has completed the risk analysis and concludes that the risk was a positive, high-impact, low-probability risk. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:進行成本效益分析 Execute a cost-benefit analysis
  •  B:安排風險頭腦風暴會議 Arrange a risk brainstorming session
  •  C:采取行動以捕捉不确定性的正面影響 Take actions to capture the positive impact of uncertainty
  •  D:進行優勢、劣勢、機會和威脅(SWOT)分析 Execute Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats (SWOT) analysis

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P444,11.5.2.5-機會應對政策。“正面、高影響、低機率的風險”,屬于機會,規劃應對,增強或開拓發生的機率。選項A,成本效益分析側重于從财務視角評估投入産出效果。選項B,頭腦風暴通常用于識别風險,在C選項之前。選項D,SWOT分析是識别風險的工具,在C選項之前。

4.一位低薪采購人員在項目的關鍵階段提前一個月提出辭職通知,使項目面臨超支風險。雖然處于一個矩陣型環境,但項目經理對職能經理有影響力,可以要求對該采購人員加薪。項目經理應該做什麼?

A basic-salary purchaser submits a resignation notice one month beforehand during the critical phase of the project, which put the project at risk of overspending. Although in a matrix environment, the project manager has influence over the functional manager and can ask for a pay rise for the purchaser. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:要求職能經理給該采購人員加薪 Request the functional manager to give the purchasing officer a raise
  •  B:咨詢職能經理并檢視風險管理計劃以确定應對措施 Consult the functional manager and review the risk management plan to determine the response
  •  C:與管理團隊召開會議,以讨論下一步行動 Have a meeting with the management team to discuss the next steps
  •  D:更新風險登記冊并請求提供新的采購人員 Update the risk register and request new procurement staff

正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P453,11.7-監督風險。風險發生,檢視風險登記冊是否有記錄,如果屬于新風險,結合風險管理計劃制定風險應對計劃。選項A,是一個陷阱選項,加薪可能是一種應對的政策,但是也要首先進行評估分析。選項C,資源的薪資管理由職能部門經理決定。選項D,更新風險登記冊是正确的,但是是否替換為新的采購人員要看應對計劃中的約定。

5.在某道路基礎設施項目施工過程中,已根據官方氣象預報針對天氣情況方面的風險估算安排了部分應急儲備。但與項目規劃過程中使用的最初預測相比,最新氣象預報預測接下來數周的氣象條件将更加惡劣。項目經理該做什麼?

During the construction of a road infrastructure project, some contingency reserves have been arranged according to the official weather forecast's risk estimates for weather conditions. However, the latest weather forecast predicts worse weather conditions in the coming weeks than the initial forecasts used in the project planning process. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:分析風險相對較小的項目活動剩餘未用的應急儲備,并在必要時動用它們 Analysis of unused contingency reserves for relatively low-risk project activities and, where necessary, their use
  •  B:由于根據氣象預報可能會出現額外風險,向變更控制委員會(CCB)提出動用管理儲備的請求 Submit a request to the Change Control Board (CCB) to use the management reserve, as additional risks may arise based on weather forecasts
  •  C:确定剩餘的應急儲備是都足以應對不确定的氣象條件,并在必要時提出變更請求 Determine that the remaining contingency reserves are sufficient to cope with uncertain weather conditions and, if necessary, propose change requests
  •  D:檢查剩餘的項目預算是否足以涵蓋更加惡劣的氣象條件可能會造成的額外風險 Check that the remaining project budget is sufficient to cover the additional risks that may result from harsher weather conditions

正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:PMBOKP456 11.7.2.1-監督風險-工具技術-儲備分析。關鍵詞“最新預測,更加惡劣”,更加惡劣的情況即風險的危害加強,那麼之前規劃的風險儲備可能是不充足的,需要進行補充,補充儲備是需要變更的,是以選項C正确。應急儲備專項專用,未用到的需要通過變更釋放資源,排除A。管理儲備适用于未知未知風險,此風險已知,排除B。D描述正确但是沒有C全面,排除D。

6.在某項目執行階段,項目經理獲悉,某項目需求可能會發生變更,這可能會對該項目的成本和進度産生重大影響。在這種情況下,項目經理應該做什麼?

During a project execution phase, the project manager is informed that the requirements for a project may change, which can have a significant impact on the cost and schedule of the project. What should the project manager do in this case?

  •  A:将對該需求的潛在變更增加到項目章程中,然後立即調整項目成本和進度計劃檔案 Add potential changes to the requirement to the project charter, and then immediately adjust the project cost and schedule documentation
  •  B:對風險登記冊不作修改,但就對項目成本和進度計劃的影響征得項目發起人準許 There are no changes to the risk register, but the impact on project cost and schedule is approved by the project sponsor
  •  C:配置設定必要人員應對該潛在變更,盡管該應對措施未在風險應對計劃中獲批 Assign the necessary personnel to respond to this potential change, although the response was not approved in the risk response plan
  •  D:提出針對潛在變更的變更請求,并征得變更控制委員會(CCB)準許 Make a change request for a potential change and obtain approval from the Change Control Board (CCB)

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK 11.6.3.2 實施風險應對-輸出-項目團隊派工單;關鍵詞“執行階段,PM獲悉,可能變更,重大影響”表明這是一個風險,且已被識别,應當規劃并實施應對,其中實施應對的一個關鍵措施就是配置設定資源以應對風險。項目章程變更意味着項目的重新授權,排除A,從題目中很明顯發現了新的風險,需要更新風險登記冊,排除B。變更還沒有發生就直接申請潛在變更不正确,排除D。

7.項目技術團隊稽核期間,先前識别的一個風險現已認證稽核。根據這些資訊,項目經理應采取哪些措施?

During the project technical team review, a risk previously identified has now been reviewed. Based on this information, what actions should the project manager take?

  •  A:在風險登記冊中關閉該風險,但要将相關的應急儲備作為未來風險的緩沖 Close risks in the risk register, but use the relevant contingency reserves as a buffer against future risks
  •  B:繼續監督該風險,直到項目完成,因為未來還可能會發生該風險 Continue to monitor the risk until the project is completed, as the risk may occur in the future
  •  C:利用相關的風險儲備配置設定額外資源,進而加速項目的推進 Use associated risk reserves to allocate additional resources to accelerate project schedule
  •  D:在風險登記冊中将該風險标記為已關閉,并減少相關的應急儲備 Mark the risk as closed in the risk register and reduce the relevant contingency reserves

正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK 11.7.3.4 P458 監督風險,輸出,項目檔案更新,風險登記冊。關鍵詞“稽核期間,識别的風險已認證稽核”表明風險應對已實施,可以關閉,并将結果更新到風險登記冊上。該題容易誤導的選項是B,确實應該繼續監督該風險直到項目完成,但不是因為該風險還會發生,而是因為需要監督風險是否發生變化而導緻之前實施的應對不再起作用了;由于風險關閉而釋放的應急儲備應該釋放給組織,而不是在項目内繼續使用,排除AC,已關閉的風險不用再繼續監督。若有新風險或此生風險應該再記錄在登記冊中。

8.用于建構一個關鍵項目元件的裝置所報的成本超過了預算金額和應急儲備,但是,由于 已記錄該風險并執行了風險應對措施,是以該元件已成功建構。項目經理應該更新什麼?

The reported cost of the equipment used to build a key project component exceeds the budgeted amount and contingency reserve; however, due to the risk has been documented and a risk response implemented, so the component has been built successfully. What should the project manager update?

  •  A:經驗教訓登記冊 The lessons learned register
  •  B:風險登記冊 The risk register
  •  C:問題日志 The issue log
  •  D:假設日志 The assumption log

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK P452 11.6.3.2 實施風險應對,輸出,項目檔案更新,經驗教訓登記冊。關鍵詞“執行了風險應對措施,已經成功建構”表示風險應對已實施,後續就是總結經驗用于後續項目,選A;

9.一個項目需要使用新技術,若要管理這個風險,項目經理應參考哪份檔案?

What document should the project manager refer to in order to manage the risk of a project requiring new techniques?

  •  A:風險報告 The risk reports
  •  B:風險應對計劃 The risk response plan
  •  C:風險登記冊 The risk register
  •  D:風險管理計劃 The risk management plan

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK P405 11.1.3.1 風險管理計劃定義:描述如何安排與實施風險管理活動。關鍵詞“若要管理這個風險”;風險報告是向相關方提供的風險的情況資訊;風險應對計劃是用來應對風險降低風險發生機率或危害的;風險登記冊是用來跟蹤風險的,都不用用來管理風險,排除ABC。

九、采購管理

1.項目團隊需要獲得市場上提供的其他資料,以明确範圍中的産品規格。在這種情況下應該使用哪種類型的投标檔案?

The project team needs to obtain additional data available on the market to clarify the product specifications in the scope. What type of bid document should be used in this case?

  •  A:建議邀請書(RFP) The request for proposal (RFP)
  •  B:報價邀請書(RFQ) The Request for Quotation (RFQ)
  •  C:資訊邀請書(RFI) The request for information (RFI)
  •  D:解決方案邀請書(RFS) The request for solution (RFS)

正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P477,12.1.3.3招标檔案-資訊邀請書。如果需要賣方提供關于拟采購貨物和服務的更多資訊,就使用資訊邀請書。随後一般還會使用報價邀請書或建議邀請書。

2.正處于執行階段的某項目收到了一個裝配元件,生産該元件需要更多的原材料,超過了與供應商所立合同的規定。供應商要求為所使用的額外材料付款。項目經理該如何處理這種情況?

A project in the execution phase receives an assembly component that requires more raw materials to produce than is required under a contract with the vendor. The vendor requests payment for the additional materials used. How should the project manager handle this situation?

  •  A:接受該額外成本,向供應商支付該成本 Accept the additional cost and pay the vendor the cost
  •  B:接收這批材料,但将付款延遲至項目結束 Receive the materials, but defer payment until the end of the project
  •  C:就降低該批額外材料的價格展開談判 Negotiate to reduce the price of the additional material
  •  D:拒絕該額外成本,讓供應商承擔該成本 Reject the additional cost and let the vendor bear the cost

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK P489 實施采購-輸出-協定(合同):道德題目,項目經理應該按照合同做事,超出合同的部分不應該談判或接受,D選項正确。幹擾選項C,在實際情況中更常見,但不适用于PMI考試答題;

3.某組織希望為其網站門戶中某—版塊采用一種新的理念,CEO指定了項目經理,并希望立刻標明供應商。項目經理首先應該做什麼?

An organization that wanted to adopt a new concept for a section of its web portal, the Chief Executive Officer designated a project manager and wanted to pick a vendor immediately. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A:了解供應商的期望 Understand vendor expectations
  •  B:為供應商設定資源選擇原則 Set resource selection principles for vendors
  •  C:根據組織過程資産建立一份供應商清單 Create a list of vendors based on the organizational process assets
  •  D:為供應商制定行業标杆 Set industry baselines for vendors

正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK P478 12.1.3.5 規劃采購管理,輸出,供方選擇标準。關鍵詞“采用新理念,標明供應商”意味着這種新理念是選擇供應商的關鍵标準,B選項合适;

4.項目團隊收到的原材料未能滿足産品的品質需求,供應商的合同中沒有記錄品質規範。 項目經理應該做什麼?

The raw materials received by the project team failed to meet the quality requirements of the product, and the vendor's contract did not document the quality specifications. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:接受該材料并建立一份新合同 Accept the material and create a new contract
  •  B:要求供應商替換該材料 Request the vendor to replace the material
  •  C:請求供應商采取糾正措施 Request vendor to take corrective action
  •  D:拒絕該材料并建立一份變更單 Reject the material and create a change sheet

正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:PMBOK P499 12.3.3.4 控制采購,輸出,變更請求。關鍵詞“合同中沒有記錄”需要更新合同,往往要先在内部進行變更控制,D選項合适。A選項直接建立新合同,不合适。B要求替換沒有依據。C采取糾正措施前需要先提出變更;

5.由于項目執行期間的範圍變更,項目經理确定供應商必須對一個已在使用的産品子產品進行更改。項目經理首先做什麼?

Due to scope changes during project execution, the project manager identifies that a vendor must make changes to a product module already in use. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A:準備一份變更請求,以更新供應商的合同條款 Prepare a change requests to update contract terms with the vendor
  •  B:檢查采購管理計劃和合同條款 Check the procurement management plan and the contract terms
  •  C:将該資訊更新到風險登記冊和問題日志 Update the risk register and issue log with this information
  •  D:直接與供應商談達成協定 Negotiate directly with the vendor to reach an agreement

正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:PMBOK 6th 4.6 實施整體變更控制,題幹中幫助判斷的關鍵字:範圍變更。确定變更了,就直接準備變更請求就好了。

6.某項目從一個新供應商訂購了大量計算機備件。項目經理如何在達到項目時間表的同時確定産品品質?

A project ordered a large number of computer spare parts from a new vendor. How can the project manager ensure product quality while sticking to the project schedule?

  •  A:確定提供商在發貨前執行品質檢查 Ensure that the provider performs a quality check before shipping
  •  B:咨詢主題專家(SME)應采用哪些标準 Request the subject matter expert (SME) what criteria should be used
  •  C:根據故障率進行抽樣檢查 Carry out sample checks based on the failure rate
  •  D:為客戶購買更多備件 Buy more spare parts for the customers

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P477,12.1.3.4-采購工作說明書。工作說明書會充分詳細地描述拟采購的産品、服務或成果,以便潛在賣方确定是否有能力提供此類産品、服務或成果。情景的描述突出強調了如何滿足品質要求,關于供應商傳遞産品、服務的要求要在采購工作說明書中明确。選項AC,無規矩不成方圓,品質檢查要基于明确的品質标準,在選項B之後。選項D,按照合同的約定,供應商要承擔在維保期間損壞備件的修複,是以為客戶購買更多的備件是錯誤的。

7.在傳遞服務過程中某外包項目報告存在幾個人為錯誤,包括未完成程式,未得到正确遵循的程式以及未執行的一般性檢查,總經理發現了這些問題,要求盡快提高服務品質。項目經理首先應該做什麼?

During the delivery of services, an outsourcing project reported several human errors, including uncompleted procedures, procedures that were not correctly followed, and general inspections that were not performed. The general manager discovered these issues and requested that the service quality be improved as soon as possible. What should the project manager do first?

  •  A:将懲罰條款納入合同,以迫使該外包公司提高服務傳遞人員的水準 Include penalty clauses in the contract to force the outsourcing company to improve the level of service delivery personnel
  •  B:送出變更請求,将資源的技能品質标準納入與該外包公司簽訂的合同 Submit a change request to include the skill quality criteria of the resource in the contract with the outsourcing company
  •  C:要求該外包公司制定相關過程并對服務傳遞人員進行教育訓練 Request the outsourcing company is d to develop processes and train service delivery personnel
  •  D:如果外包公司未提高服務的傳遞品質,則與該公司終止合同 Terminate the contract with the company, if the outsourcing company fails to improve the quality of service delivery

正确答案:B 你的答案:A

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P492,12.3-控制采購。“盡快”、“首先”應該做什麼,處理情景中問題的順序是:1.首先查閱合同中是否對此進行約定->2.如未約定,對合同進行變更,将檢查标準納入合同範圍->3.根據新增加的合同條款監督合同的執行。按照這個順序,選項B最靠前,正确。選項A,僅靠處罰不解決問題。選項C,所要求的相關服務要納入合同範圍,否則外包公司無履行義務。選項D,屬于變更合同條款後的監督執行過程。

十、相關方管理

1.項目經理正在記錄一個有大量相關方項目的相關方參與情況。項目經理對相關方彼此之間的關系不清楚。項目經理該做什麼來更清楚地了解這些相關方?

The project manager is documenting the stakeholder engagement of a project involved with a large number of stakeholders. The project manager is not clear about the relationship between the stakeholders. What should the project manager do to understand these stakeholders more clearly?

  •  A:建構相關方思維導圖 Build a Mind-Mapping for the stakeholders
  •  B:審查各相關方過往的項目檔案 Review past project documents of all stakeholders
  •  C:審查相關方參與度評估矩陣 Review the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix
  •  D:請求與發起人和團隊開會讨論相關方事宜 Request a meeting with the sponsor and team to discuss matters concerned with the stakeholders

正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P521,13.2.2.5規劃相關方參與-思維導圖。思維導圖用于對相關方資訊、互相關系以及他們與組織的關系進行可視化整理。選項C,相關方參與度評估矩陣用于将相關方目前參與水準與期望參與水準進行比較。選項D,發起人通常出現在啟動和收尾兩個過程。

2.在部署了一個企業資源管理系統期間,财務總監辭職并由新财務總監取代。項目經理應該做什麼?

During the deployment of an enterprise resource management system, the Finance Director resigned and was replaced by the new Finance Director. What should the project manager do?

  •  A:釋出更新聯系人清單和相關方登記冊的變更請求,以包含該财務總監 Post a change request to update the contact list and stakeholder register to include the Finance Director
  •  B:将項目文檔發送給該财務總監,并請求其進行審查 Send the project document to the Finance Director and request his or her review
  •  C:請新财務總監更新項目成本管理計劃 Request the new Finance Director to update the project cost management plan
  •  D:與新的财務總監開會,以介紹項目并了解它們的參與情況 Have a meeting with the new Finance Director to present the projects and understand their engagement

正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:解析:PMBOK(6)P512-13.1.3.1,相關方登記冊。題幹中的關鍵字:“财務總監辭職并由新财務總監取代”。根據題目可知,有新的相關方加入,需要更新相關方登記冊,選項A正确。财務總監不一定有審查和更新項目文檔的權限,排除BC。了解新的财務總監的需求在更新相關方登記冊之後,排除D。

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