Tuoba Tao, Emperor Taiwu of Northern Wei, was the third emperor of Northern Wei and the eldest son of Emperor Taizong's Emperor Mingyuan Tuoba and Empress Dowager Du of Ming. Ben is a legendary figure of wisdom and martial arts, but gradually evolves into a brutal demon. Today we will talk about the brutal career of this legendary emperor.
Tuoba Tao already had the wind of an emperor
From a very young age, Tuoba Tao behaved very intelligently and with an imperial demeanor. Tuoba Tao was made crown prince at the age of twelve. In the same year, he led his troops to the desert to resist the invasion of Rouran. In 422, the 15-year-old Tuoba Tao was commissioned to judge the country, command his subordinates, be intelligent and generous, and fully possess the style of an emperor. The following year, Tuoba Tao ascended the throne and called himSelfe Emperor Taiwu with the era name Shiguang. It means the initial light. This era name is a total of 5 years long.
Send troops to the north cool
At the age of 27, Tuoba Tao set his sights on the only Rong di regime in northern China: Beiliang, and the reason for entering Northern Liang was far-fetched: Because of the invitation of your senior Buddhist monk Tan Wuchen to Pingcheng to preach the scriptures and propagate the Dharma, he had to send out iron horses to invite him.
After Tuoba Tao destroyed Northern Liang, he never stopped acting militarily.
In 445, he led his troops to wipe out the Lushui Hu people Gaiwu; in 446, Tuoba Tao sent an army to attack the three prefectures of Yan, Qing, and Ji in the southern dynasty, killing and plundering; in 448, he sent a large army to attack the western region and destroy Yanqi and other departments; in 449, taking advantage of the new death of Rouran Khan, Tuoba Tao sent out three large armies to kill people; in early 450, Northern Wei sent another 100,000 iron horses to attack the Song state, attacking the city and trapping the enemy, killing and injuring countless civilians.
Tuoba Tao's attack and conquest seems to have become addicted, and he is fanatically superstitious about military conquest.
Watching Tuoba Tao's entire life, in fact, before he was thirty years old, he was still very wise and divine, and was known as a generation of gods of war. However, after the age of thirty, Tuoba Jue became a tyrannical sexual appearance. How tyrannical is that?
According to the Book of Wei and taizu ji, "In the beginning, the emperor served cold food and scattered, and since the death of the Taiyi Ling Yin Qiang, the number of medicines moved, and it was more than enough. And catastrophes are common, and they are worried and uneasy, or they do not eat for several days, or they do not sleep. Attributing the blame to the group, moody and obedient, saying that the hundred or so people are not credible, worried like astronomical possession, or there is a risk of elbows. Remembering the successes and failures of the past, all day and night, if there are ghosts next to those who are yang. When the courtiers came to the front, they chased after their old evils and saw them killed, and the rest either changed in color, or breathed inconsistencies, or walked obediently, or lost their words, and the emperor thought that he had evil in his heart, and he saw it outside, but he beat himself with his hands, and the dead were all in front of chen Tian'an Temple. Therefore, the people of the government and the wilderness are afraid of danger. There is a slack, Mo Xiang supervised; Hundreds of workers steal, thieves go public, and people in the alleys are few."
Xianbei warriors
In 450, Emperor Taiwu felt that he had been fighting all his life, and that he was the first emperor of the ages who was omnipotent and invincible. Coupled with years of alcoholism, as well as the moodiness of middle-aged menopause, who wants to kill whoever wants to kill, who wants to exterminate the clan, it is in a state of madness. This is also catching up with Cui Hao's bad luck.
Counselor Cui Hao
Speaking of this Cui Hao, he is the most lamentable intellectual. Cui Haochang is very beautiful (the man has a woman's appearance, Qingxiu), and he is also very intelligent and virtuous, often comparing himself to Zhang Liang. After the victory of The Northern Liang, Emperor Taiwu pulled Cui Hao to the others at the celebration banquet and said, "The Cui Gong mentioned is the one in front of you." The beauty of talent is incomparable today. Cui Gong must first consult Cui Gong for any matter, and the success or failure is in the chest, and there is no discrepancy. ”
Cui Hao believes in Taoism
Cui Hao is smart, but he is also smart and is mistaken by smart. He himself was very religious in Taoism, so he persuaded Tuoba Tao to destroy the Buddha. Tuoba Tao also listened to his advice, and found an opportunity to kill monks all over the country, destroy Buddhist temples, and become a very famous one of the "Three Martial Sects" who destroyed the Buddha. At that time, the Northern Wei Dynasty went up to the crown prince and the secretary of state, down to the people of Li, and there were many people who believed in Buddhism, and Cui Hao offended a large number of people.
The absurd history of Tuoba Tao and his family was also carved into inscriptions
The thing that Cui Hao completely provoked the disaster of killing himself was that when he was majoring in national history, he did not know how to avoid the important and light, and the content he wrote involved the historical facts of the Tuoba Tao clan and many of his ancestors who killed and were brutal and promiscuous. Write it, Cui Hao also carved these on the 100-meter-large stone stele, and it cost three million taels to carve this stele alone.
Tuoba Tao was furious
This provoked emperor Tuoba Tao's anger at emperor Taiwu, and he was persuaded by some of the ministers who believed in Buddhism that he had offended. Tuoba Tao not only destroyed the entire Cui Hao clan, but also killed the Fanyang Lu clan, the Hedong Liu clan, and the Taiyuan Guo clan who were related to Cui Hao.
Cui Hao was exterminated
Before his execution, Cui Hao was imprisoned in a wooden cage, and dozens of soldiers urinated on his head, lamenting that a generation of famous politicians and literati had suffered insults. Such an encounter has not been encountered by a literati hero for thousands of years, and Wei Hui, who later wrote the Book of Wei, sighed:
Cui Hao's talents are extensive, he studies the heavens, and the political planning is the second of the time, so he is compared to the sub-room. It belongs to Emperor Taizong as the autumn of the government, on the day of the operation of the ancestors, he obeys his words and obeys the plans, and the summer of Ningkuo District. Encounter both Long and Hard, Diligent and Mao. Although the plot is over the world, the power has not shaken the Lord. When we meet on the last road, we are not self-sufficient. Are the birds hiding with all their bows, and the people are evil on them? Will the instrument be profitable, yin and evil? Hos people and Sku, sad husband!
From the beginning of Emperor Daowu, he liked the whole clan to kill opponents or subordinates
In fact, from the beginning of Emperor Daowu, the Emperor of Northern Wei liked to kill his opponents or subordinates in the whole clan, and by the time of Emperor Taiwu, he was even more "carried forward", and then after Northern Qi Gaoyang destroyed Wei, thousands of people in the Wei imperial family were all killed, probably the retribution for their ancestors to kill!
That is, in September after killing Cui Hao and thousands of other people, Tuoba Tao led the Southern Expedition. Against Wang Xuanmo, Wang Xuanmo, as soon as he arrives at the battlefield, he is full of straw bags, and as long as he fights, he will be defeated. As a result, the Wei army won consecutive battles, and the soldiers of the Southern Dynasty suffered countless casualties.
Tuoba Tao's several large armies forced themselves to Jiankang City, and the people in Jiankang City were frightened and ready to flee for their lives when the city was broken. In this way, the two sides confronted each other for a long time, and later, due to the lack of supplies for the Wei army, they burned all the houses along the river one night and retreated.
Insufficient food and grass to retire
In the spring of 451, the Wei army attacked Xuyi City on its way back, and the Song minister Zang Qian defended the city. Tuoba Tao built a long siege outside the city to surround the city, cut off water and land transportation, and transported soil and stones from the East Mountains to fill in the moat.
The Wei army attacked Xuyi City
Tuoba Tao wrote to Zang Zhi again, saying, "The soldiers who are attacking the city now are not my Xianbei people. If you kill them all, it will be a great help to me." ”
Zang Replied awe-inspiringly: "I am now fully aware of your adulterous feelings, nursery rhymes say 'the horse drinks the water of the river, and the Buddha Fox (Tuoba Tao's nickname) dies for a long time', I hope you are fortunate enough to be killed by the rebels... The swords you gave me as gifts, wait for me to use them to slash at you! ”
Zang was awe-inspiring
Tuoba Tao was furious when he saw the letter and ordered his soldiers to attack the city at all costs, but he was unable to break the city. There was no way, Tuoba Tao did not hesitate to kill people, and began to send soldiers to attack the city in turn. In the end, tens of thousands of casualties were killed and injured, and it is said that the dead bodies were piled up as high as the city walls at that time, and they were still repelled by the heroic and tenacious Southern Dynasty soldiers and civilians.
Siege the city at all costs
In the spring, the outbreak of the epidemic coupled with wei jun's dissatisfaction with the water and soil, fell ill a lot. Worried that the Song Dynasty's water army would merge with Pengcheng's army from Huai into the sea, Tuoba Tao burned down the camp and retreated.
On the way back to China, the Wei army killed and injured the local people in an incalculable way, and the middle-aged and middle-aged adults killed them immediately, and the babies were not spared, and the counties they passed were all left behind. And Wei Jun himself was also killed and wounded more than half of the people in the Southern Expedition, and the Chinese people resented it.
The people were miserable
When Emperor Tuoba Tao of Wei taiwu attacked the south, he let the crown prince Tuoba Huang supervise the country, and Tuoba Huang was a person who was well-trained and capable, and reused his subordinate Daosheng and others.
Tuoba Tao also had a favored eunuch named Zong Ai who stayed in the capital, he was dangerous by nature, and did many illegal things in the name of the emperor, and his relationship with Daosheng and others was very tense.
Tuoba Huang who strives to rule
As soon as Tuoba Tao returned, Zong Ai "the wicked man sued first", so he fabricated Daosheng's crime, Emperor Taiwu was furious, beheaded Daosheng and others, and then executed many of the prince's subordinate officials, and the crown prince Tuoba Huang was frightened into tea and dinner, so he was scared to death by the cruel father emperor, who was twenty-four years old.
Shortly after the prince's death, Tuoba Tao remembered the benefits of this son and often wept and reminisced. At this time, the heavenly waiter muttered in the Zong Ai around him, afraid that one day this grumpy emperor would pursue the past and push the cause of the prince's death on himself.
The Great Eunuch Zong Ai
In the end, this cruel emperor also caused the disaster of killing because of his cruel character.
The Great Eunuch Zong Ai took the lead and infiltrated the Yong'an Palace at night to assassinate this prestigious and indispensable Tuoba Tao, who was forty-five years old at the time.
Tuoba Tao was forty-five years old at the time
The history books record: "The emperor ... Sexual purity and frugality, not good Zhenli, good taste... Listen to the discerning, there is no escape, the reward does not violate the lowly, the punishment does not avoid the noble, although the person who loves very much, there is no forgiveness in the end. However, sexual cruelty, too killing, often killed and repented. ”
In another twenty years, for the first time in Chinese history, the great integration of the Chinese nation was accelerated to the greatest extent, and the Xianbei gradually merged and disappeared into the Big Chinese family in history.