#History of Germany in World War II #【Collection of History – German History No. 14】
The Battle of the Marne (6–12 September 1914) was the closest Germany could come to victory during World War I, but they were defeated and retreated to northern France and the Belgian occupation zone. Britain and France should have been happy and proud of the miracle of victory, but soon they were not happy, because although the Germans no longer attacked, but the ensuing anxiety whether it was Germany, Britain or France suffered heavy losses, the battlefield situation was unpredictable into the confrontation, this confrontation lasted for 4 years.
So how did the Germans, who could not win, make Britain and France unhappy?
The beginning of trench warfare
In the ensuing war, the British and French found that the retreating Germans began to dig trenches in the occupied areas, and they kept digging trenches, all kinds of trenches.
Trenches began to appear at the forefront of the confrontation, the initial trenches were simply trenches that could flood the soldiers' bodies, but then large trenches with dense barbed wire and distribution of various forms of front, middle and rear began to appear, and the trenches began to be equipped with shops, lounges, health clinics, ammunition storage rooms, command posts and other supporting facilities.
The implication is that the Germans intend to stay for a long time, as long as there is time to start digging trenches, which makes Britain and France start to dig trenches in a similar way, and the shovels of the two sides echo each other and also announce the direction of the war after the Battle of the Marne, that is, trench warfare will replace the movement warfare of the previous German offensive.
It also indicates that the "Schlieffen Plan", which Germany has been preparing for a long time and has been revised for a long time, has completely failed, and the Germans' intention to make a quick decision within 6 weeks has become a failure, and the confrontation on the battlefield has been formed.
This stalemate created by using trenches has firmly nailed countries to the battlefield, as long as the other side does not surrender, it will not be able to break the confrontation form, and all countries have begun to invest a lot of human, financial, and material resources into meaningless trench warfare.
Trench scale
From Flanders in Belgium to the Swiss border, a long and long trench was constructed, in which Germany deployed 2 million troops and Britain and France nearly 3 million.
This way of fighting is like a bottomless pit that consumes the energy of all countries, and a large number of soldiers die every day, but this sacrifice has no impact on the war situation.
Frankly speaking, although the German makes Britain and France unhappy, he himself is not happy, no one can win, life is not good, and they can only consume each other meaninglessly.
An unbreakable impasse
The Allied generals, who held command, ignored the fact that it was impossible to break the deadlock with a frontal breakthrough in order to win, stubbornly believing that with the help of dense artillery and more dense soldiers they could break through the German lines, attacking day after day, and the lives of a large number of young soldiers fell under the muzzle of the German Maxim machine guns. Even if the frontal positions were captured, it would be found that behind the positions were still the heavily guarded German trenches.
The Allied generals had no other valuable plans other than a frontal attack, and all the military experience and training left the war with no other choice but to continue to be depleted.
In the face of the stalemate, the British Secretary of State of the Army at the time, Kitchener, said: "I don't know what else to do, this is not a war at all." Churchill, the Minister of the Navy, also said: "In the face of this dead knot, all military art is dumbfounded!" ”
Less than a year after the outbreak of World War I, the Germans could no longer continue to attack as aggressively as they had before the Battle of the Marne, and trench warfare became the only option for both sides after the failure of the Schlieffen Plan, and this meaningless act lasted for 4 years before it was declared over. Although Britain and France won, they died too many casualties and did not get real happiness, and Germany also seemed to say that I could not win and no one should think well, and had to say that this was a tragedy in human history, an unprecedented tragedy.
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